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1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report provides a detailed analysis of societal issues in marketing. The area of
the issue studied is the promotional issue against a cigarettes producer, R. J. Reynolds
Tobacco Company.
The Camel brand has a long history of marketing cigarettes to kids and is
and getting in trouble for it. From 1988 to 1997, Camel targeted kids with a hip
cartoon character, oe Camel, which signi!cantly boosted the brand"s market
share among youth smokers.
#ccording to the $%11 &ational 'ur(ey on )rug *se and +ealth, ..
eynolds" pursuit of young people, particularly with the Camel brand, has
brought numerous lawsuits, -udgments against the company and new laws, as
well as promises to change its practices that it uickly abandoned.
Regarding the issue, there are several impacts towards the society, company and
industry. R. J Reynolds Tobacco Company can learn some lessons and more concern about
the highlighted issue based on the unethical marketing activities. From the aroused issue,
the recommendations may very useful to the firm in developing the marketing strategies for
the future.
2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 THE COMPANY
/n 1910, .. eynolds Tobacco Company de(eloped an inno(ation which
was the packaged cigarette. ost tobacco users who smoked cigarettes
preferred to roll their own, and there was thought to be no national market for
pre2packaged cigarettes. eynolds worked to de(elop a 3a(our he thought would
be more appealing than past products, creating the Camel cigarette, so named
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because it used Turkish paper, in imitation of then2fashionable 5gyptian
cigarettes. eynolds undercut competitors on the cost of the cigarettes, and
within a year, he had sold 6$ million packs of Camels.
Camel cigarettes were originally blended to ha(e a milder taste in contrast
to brands that, at the time of its introduction, were considered much harsher.
They were ad(ance promoted, prior to ocial release, by a careful ad(ertising
campaign that included teasers which merely stated that the Camels are
coming. This marketing style was a prototype for attempts to sway public
opinion that coincided with the *nited 'tates: entry into ;orld ;ar /, and later
;orld ;ar //. #nother promotion strategy was the use of a Circus camel, :<ld oe:,
which was dri(en through town and used to distribute free cigarettes. The
brand:s catch2phrase slogan, used for decades, was /:d walk a mile for a Camel=
The most famous historical style of Camel cigarettes is the soft pack of the
regular, un!ltered (ariety that was generally known as Camel 'traights or
egulars. These were the !rst blend of Camels to be released. Camel regulars
achie(ed the >enith of their popularity through personalities such as news
broadcaster 5dward . urrow, who smoked up to four packs of Camel regulars
per day, in e?ect using a Camel cigarette as his trademark. /n late 1987,
created oe Camel as the mascot for the brand. @#ssociated 4ress, $%10A
2.2 THE ISSUE
Cigarette smoking is the &o. 1 cause of pre(entable death in the *nited
'tates. /t kills 660,%%% #mericans and costs B9 billion in health care bills each
year. 9% percent of adult smokers began at or before age 18 and another 0,%%
*.'. kids try their !rst cigarette each day. The Camel brand has a long history of
marketing cigarettes to kids and is and getting in trouble for it. From 1988 to
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1997, Camel targeted kids with a hip cartoon character, oe Camel, which
signi!cantly boosted the brand"s market share among youth smokers.
Camel is one of the three most popular cigarette brands among youth
smokers, with 1.1 percent preferring Camel, according to the $%11 &ational
'ur(ey on )rug *se and +ealth. .. eynolds" pursuit of young people,
particularly with the Camel brand, has brought numerous lawsuits, -udgments
against the company and new laws, as well as promises to change its practices
that it uickly abandoned.
/n the summer of 1988, .. eynolds introduced the oe Camel cartoon
character as part of an eDtensi(e campaign to celebrate the 7th anni(ersary of
the Camel brand and capture a larger segment of the youth and young adult
market. For the neDt nine years, .. eynolds featured oe Camel in marketing
that included maga>ine and point2of2sale ads, billboards, direct mail and branded
items such as hats and t2shirts. 'tudies show that Camel"s share of the youth
cigarette market soared after the campaign began.
#ccording to .. eynolds" internal documents, Camel had only $.6
percent of the 16217 year2old market in 1979E by 1990, Camel"s share of the
teenage market had -umped to 10.0 percent. 'tudies published in 1991 in the
ournal of the #merican edical #ssociation found that oe Camel was nearly as
recogni>able to 2year2olds as ickey ouse and that oe Camel ads are far
more successful at marketing Camel cigarettes to children than to adults.G ..
eynolds !nally ended the oe Camel campaign in 1997 in the face of lawsuits,
Congressional scrutiny, the FTC complaint and public outrage.
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/n #pril $%10, Camel is back in Hid24opular aga>ines. #fter a !(e2year
hiatus, .. eynolds resumed placing cigarette ad(ertisements in maga>ines,
including se(eral with large teen readerships such as 5'4& the aga>ine, 'ports
/llustrated and 4eople. Teen readership which are between 1$ to 17 years old
totalled 1$.9 million for -ust nine of the $0 maga>ines that carried these ads,
according to IfH / data.
The ads were for Camel Crush cigarettes. Camel Crush is an . . eynolds
cigarette product that contains a capsule in the !lter that, when crushed,
releases a mentholated liuid that causes the smoke to be menthol 3a(oured.
;hen the tobacco smoke passes through this liuid2saturated !lter, it gi(es it a
menthol taste. The cigarette was released in the *nited 'tates on #ugust $,
$%%8. The brand is known as Camel #cti(ate in the 5uropean markets.
2.3 OBJETIVES OF THE RESEARCH
The ob-ecti(es of the research are toJ
1. 'tudy the highlighted issues regarding The .. eynolds Company K a
producer of Camel cigarette.$. )iscuss the !nd outs of the research carried and the impact of the issue
studied against (arious parties K the society, the company and the
industry.0. +ighlight the lessons that supposed to be learnt by the parties in(ol(ed
especially the society.
3.0 THE ARISING ISSUE
3.1 AGAINST HEALTH
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The #merican +eart #ssociation, #merican Lung #ssociation and se(eral
other health groups are asking at least two state attorneys to in(estigate a new
Camel cigarette ad campaign. The group says the Camel Crush cigarette ads ran
in $6 maga>ines that target young people and may (iolate the Tobacco aster
'ettlement #greement. The landmark agreement, among other measures,
prohibits cigarette makers from targeting kids. @#ssociated 4ress, $%10A
5ach day, more than $,8%% kids in the *nited 'tates try their !rst
cigaretteE and another 7%% additional kids under 18 years of age become new
regular, daily smokers. That"s more than $%,%%% new underage daily smokers in
this country each year. The addiction rate for smoking is higher than the
addiction rates for mari-uana, alcohol, or cocaineE and symptoms of serious
nicotine addiction often occur only weeks or e(en -ust days after youth
eDperimentationG with smoking !rst begins.
Mecause adolescence is a critical period of growth and de(elopment,
eDposure to nicotine may ha(e lasting, ad(erse conseuences on brain
de(elopment. &inety percent of adult smokers begin while in their teens, or
earlierE and two2thirds become regular, daily smokers before they reach the age
of 19.
1.0 percent of high school students are current smokers by the time they
lea(e high school. 1.7 percent of all high school students @grades 9K1$A are
current smokers, including 1.% percent of females and 1.6 percent of males.
;hite high school students ha(e the highest smoking rate @18.NA, compared to
+ispanics @16.%NA and #frican2#mericans @8.$NA. /f current smoking rates persist,
. million children ali(e today will die prematurely from smoking. oughly one2
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third of all youth smokers will e(entually die prematurely from smoking2caused
disease.
'moking can seriously harm kids while they are still young. #side from the
immediate bad breath, irritated eyes and throat and increased heartbeat and
blood pressure, short2term harms from youth smoking include respiratory
problems, reduced immune function, increased illness, tooth decay, gum disease
and pre2cancerous gene mutations. 'moking during youth is also associated with
an increased likelihood of using illegal drugs.
3.2 AGAINST PROMOTION ON KIDS
eynolds was widely critici>ed for years for using its oe Camel cartoon
character as a means to make smoking more attracti(e to kids. /t has faced
se(eral lawsuits o(er a number of its ads. .. eynolds Tobacco Co. decided in
$%%7 to suspend its print ads for Camel cigarettes under intense criticism for its
ad(ertising. The company continued to ad(ertise other Camel products such as
its smokeless and dissol(able tobaccos. The company said that it belie(es the
marketing of tobacco products should not be targeted to minors and that the
cigarettes are made for and marketed to adult tobacco consumers.
The tobacco companies spend more than B8.8 billion each year to
promote their deadly products which is more than B$6 million e(ery day and
much of that marketing directly reaches and in3uences kids. Hids are more
susceptible to cigarette ad(ertising and marketing than adults.8.8 percent of
youth smokers between age1$ to 17 prefer arlboro, &ewport and Camel that
are the three most hea(ily ad(ertised brands, while only 1 percent of smokers
$ or older prefer these brands.
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For eDample, between 1989 and 1990, spending on the oe Camel ad
campaign -umped from B$7 million to B60 million, which prompted a % percent
increase in Camel"s share of the youth market but had no impact at all on its
adult market share. #dditionally, a sur(ey conducted in arch $%1$ showed that
kids were signi!cantly more likely than adults to recall tobacco ad(ertising. ;hile
only $ percent of all adults recalled seeing a tobacco ad in the two weeks prior
to the sur(ey, 6 percent of kids aged 1$ to 17 reported seeing tobacco ads.
# ournal of the &ational Cancer /nstitute study found that teens were
more likely to be in3uenced to smoke by cigarette marketing than by peer
pressure. 'imilarly, a ournal of the #merican edical #ssociation study found
that as much as one2third of underage eDperimentation with smoking was
attributable to tobacco company marketing e?orts. /n $%16, the *.'. 'urgeon
Ieneral reported that tobacco industry ad(ertising and promotion cause youth
and young adults to start smoking, and nicotine addiction keeps people smoking
past those ages.G
4.0 THE IMPACT OF THE ISSUE
4.1 IMPACT TO THE SOCIETY
Cigarette smoking is the &o. 1 cause of pre(entable death in the *nited
'tates. /t kills 660,%%% #mericans and costs B9 billion in health care bills each
year. 9% percent of adult smokers began at or before age 18 and another 0,%%
*.'. kids try their !rst cigarette each day.
Cigarettes still kill about half their long2term users, despite industry
bluster about !lters, low tars and lights, none of which has made smoking safer.
Cigarettes still contain arsenic and cyanide and radioacti(e polonium2$1%, the
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poison used to kill that ussian spy in London a few years back. Cigarettes cause
one death for e(ery million smoked, which means that the 6 trillion Camels
consumed o(er the last 1%% years ha(e probably caused about 6 million deaths.
#nd it would be wrong to think of the cigarette business as moribund.
'hareholders of the three largest makers in the *.'. all earn di(idends in eDcess
of 6N, and those holding stock in #ltria a parent company of 4hilip orris earn
closer to N.Oouth is still key to the business because most smokers start in their
teens and stay !ercely brand loyal.
oe Camel was retired in 1997, but until $%%9 when Congress passed the
Family 'moking 4re(ention and Tobacco Control #ct, Camels came in candy2fruit2
tropical 3a(ours, including Camel andarin int and Camel andalay Lime.
Camel &o. 9s, ad(ertised as light and luscious and sold in feminine black and
pink packs, are still allowed on the market, despite fears that this Marbie
cigarette targets girls. #nd Camel Crush o?ers a hit of mint to those who like
menthol refreshment. #d(ertising for such products has increased in recent
months. @obert &. 4roctor, $%10)
4.2 IMPACT TO THE COMPANY
Mefore the birth of oe Camel in 1988, the federal go(ernment reports, an
estimated 0N of teen2age smokers and 6N of adult smokers picked Camel
cigarettes as their brand of choice. Fi(e years later, the percentage of adult
smokers fa(ouring Camels remained the same, but among smokers ages 1$ to
18, Camel:s market share had more than tripled to 10N, prompting outrage
among public health professionals and tobacco critics who say oe Camel is proof
that the industry targets young people with its ads. @'heryl 'tolberg, 199A
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/n 1998 the ma-or *.'. tobacco companies, including .. eynolds,
reached a legal settlement with 6 states. /n addition to reuiring the companies
to pay hundreds of billions of dollars to co(er tobacco2related health care costs,
the settlement prohibited direct or indirect marketing to youth and any use of
cartoons in cigarette ad(ertising.
/n $%%1California"s attorney general sued .. eynolds, alleging that the
company"s placement of cigarette ads in maga>ines with large numbers of teen
readers (iolated the '#"s prohibition on targeting youth. /n $%%$, a California
-udge found ..eynolds liable, a ruling upheld by a California Court of #ppeal.
*nder a $%%6 settlement of the case, .. eynolds agreed not to ad(ertise in
maga>ines with large teen readerships and paid B17.$ million in penalties and
costs.
<n $%% in a landmark federal court ruling, udge Hessler found
..eynolds and other tobacco companies guilty of (iolating ci(il racketeering
laws and engaging in a decades2long fraud to decei(e the #merican public about
the health risks of smoking and their marketing to children. +ighlighting the oe
Camel campaign, she found that from the 19%s to the present, .. eynolds
and the other tobacco company defendants ha(e intentionally marketed to
young people under the age of twenty2one in order to recruit Preplacement
smokers" to ensure the economic future of the tobacco industry.G
4.3 IMPACT TO THE INDUSTRY
/n the *nited 'tates, in the 19%s and 19%s, cigarette brands were
freuently sponsors of tele(ision programs. #merica:s !rst regular tele(ision
news program, Camel &ews Cara(an, was sponsored by Camel Cigarettes and
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featured an ashtray on the desk in front of the newscaster and the Camel logo
behind him. The show ran from 1969 to 19.
/n une 197, the Federal Communications Commission ruled that
programs broadcast on a tele(ision station that discussed smoking and health
were insucient to o?set the e?ects of paid ad(ertisements that were broadcast
for !(e to ten minutes each day. ;e hold that the fairness doctrine is applicable
to such ad(ertisements, the Commission said. The FCC decision, upheld by the
courts, essentially reuired tele(ision stations to air anti2smoking ad(ertisements
at no cost to the organi>ations pro(iding such ad(ertisements.
/n #pril 197%, Congress passed the 4ublic +ealth Cigarette 'moking #ct
banning the ad(ertising of cigarettes on tele(ision and radio starting on $
anuary 1971.The Qirginia 'lims brand was the last commercial shown, with a
%2second re(ue from 3apper to Female Lib, shown at 11J9 p.m. on 1 anuary
during a break on The Tonight 'how. 'mokeless tobacco ads, on the other hand,
remained on the air until a ban took e?ect on $8 #ugust 198. ecently, e(en
further restrictions took e?ect under the newly enacted Family 'moking
4re(ention and Tobacco Control #ct. 5?ecti(e $$ une $%1%, the new regulations
prohibit tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural
e(ents. #lso, tobacco companies can no longer display their logos or ad(ertise
their products on T2shirts, hats, or other apparel. 5(entually, the law is planned
to reuire almost all tobacco ad(ertisements to consist of black teDt on a white
background, but the constitutionality of that reuirement has come under
scrutiny.
#fter 1971, most tobacco ad(ertising was done in maga>ines, newspapers,
and on billboards. 'ince the introduction of the Federal Cigarette Labelling and
#d(ertising #ct, all packaging and ad(ertisements must display a health warning
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from the 'urgeon Ieneral. /n &o(ember $%%0, tobacco companies and maga>ine
publishers agreed to cease the placement of ad(ertisements in school library
editions of four maga>ines with a large group of young readersJ Time, 4eople,
'ports /llustrated, and &ewsweek.
# 1996 report by the 'urgeon Ieneral, 4re(enting Tobacco *se #mong
Ooung 4eople, assertedJ ;hen young people no longer want to smoke the
epidemic itself will die. # critical task of public health was counteracting the
indoctrination of the young when they were most susceptible. +ence the report
dismissed as misguided the debate as to whether cigarette promotion caused
young people to smokeE the conclusion was that ;hether causal or not,
promotion fosters the uptake of smoking, initiating for many a dismal and
relentless chain of e(ents.
/n 1997, the Tobacco aster 'ettlement #greement bans outdoor,
billboard, and public transportation ad(ertising of cigarettes in 6 states. /t also
prohibits tobacco ad(ertising that targets young people, the usage of cartoons
such as the arlboro an or oe Camel in particular. /n the states which ha(e not
signed the agreement, billboards are a ma-or (enue of cigarette ad(ertising.
ost recently, signed into law by 4resident Marack <bama, the Tobacco
Control #ct became acti(e on $$ une $%1%. This act not only placed new
restrictions on tobacco marketing but also eDtensi(e constraints concerning the
circulation of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco to minors. &ewly e?ecti(e with
this act, audio ad(ertisements are not permitted to contain any music or sound
e?ects, while (ideo ad(ertisements are limited to static black teDt on a white
background. #ny audio soundtrack accompanying a (ideo ad(ertisement is
limited to words only, with no music or sound e?ects.
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5.0 THE MARKETING PERSPECTIVE
5.1 B$%&'$ ()$ *++,$-
The marketing perspecti(e before the issue is the brand repositioning
strategy. . . eynolds Tobacco Company start to attract younger smokers by
repositioning Camel in the 197%s, .. eynolds was losing market share to 4hilip
orris. .. eynolds had noticed that the future market growth of cigarettes
depended on capturing the youth market. /n 1987 .. eynolds had branded
Camel with the Phipster" oe Camel character, with youth as the primary target.
This branded Camel also came from the *.' marketing teams of .. eynolds
which looking the idea to promote Camel"s 7th anni(ersary. The character
lacked many camel traits. Feet were always to be co(ered, in footwear consistent
with the rest of the out!t. The character also lacked a tail or hump. #d(ertising
presented oe Camel in a (ariety of fun and entertaining, contemporary and
fresh situations, wearing bold and bright colours, blue and yellow where
appropriate. +is face remained the same in di?erent ad(ertising pieces, and
images of his hands only used when necessary @;ikipedia, $%16A. From late
198%s to uly 1$, 1997 oe Camel was the ad(ertising mascot for Camel
cigarettes appearing in maga>ine ad(ertisements, billboards, and other print
media. 'tudies published in 1991 in the ournal of the #merican edical
#ssociation found that oe Camel was nearly as recogni>able to 2year2olds as
ickey ouse and that oe Camel ads are far more successful at marketing
Camel cigarettes to children than to adults.
5.2 D,'*/ ()$ *++,$-
)uring the issue of Camel Contro(ersy, the company use the promotion
strategy. #merican edical #ssociation charged . . eynolds with targeting
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minors through this campaign and asked . . eynolds &abisco to pull the
campaign. /nstead of pulling back the ad(ertisement, . . eynolds refused, and
the oe Camel Campaign continued. /n 1991, anet angini, a 'an Francisco2
based attorney, brought a suit against . . eynolds, challenging the company
for targeting minors with its oe Camel ad(ertising campaign. FTC brought suit
against . . eynolds. FTC charged the oe Camel campaign unfairly targeted
children and alleged the campaign which contributed to an increase in o(erall
rate of teen smoking. FTC also seeks a permanent ban on the use of oe"s image
@Musiness 5thicsA. . . eynolds has denied oe Camel was intended to be
directed at children and the company still maintains that oe Camel:s target
audience was $2692year2old males and current arlboro smokers. /n response to
the criticism, . . eynolds instituted Let:s Clear the #ir on 'moking, a
campaign of full2page maga>ine ad(ertisements consisting entirely of teDt,
typically set in large type, denying those charges, and declaring that smoking is
an adult custom @;ikipedia, $%16A.
5.3 A%($' ()$ *++,$-
#fter the issue, comes out with another promotion strategy. /n uly
1997, under pressure from the impending angini trial, Congress, and (arious
public2interest groups, announced it would settle out of court and (oluntarily
end its oe Camel campaign. # new campaign with a more adult theme debuted.
/nstead of oe Camel, it had a plain image of a uadrupedal, non2
anthropomorphic camel. This image is still used in ad(ertisements for Camel
today. #s part of the agreement, . . eynolds also paid B1% million to 'an
Francisco and the other California cities and countries that inter(ened in the
angini litigation. This money was earmarked primarily to fund anti2smoking
e?orts targeted at youth. .. eynolds !nally ended the oe Camel campaign in
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1997 in the face of lawsuits, Congressional scrutiny, the FTC complaint and
public outrage @;ikipedia, $%16A.
.0 LESSONS LEARNT
From the issues aroused regarding the Camel cigarettes, communities
should be learnt something from the matter. From the issue, in order to increase
the market share of camel cigarettes, . . eynolds has some thoughts which is
ealistically, if our company is to sur(i(e and prosper, o(er the long term, we
must get our share of the youth market. #s the marketers, . . eynolds should
think wisely and not -ust being sel!sh by promoting and targeting youth for
cigarettes in order to get high pro!t and being the market leader in the tobacco
industry. Oouth marketing is a sensiti(e area @Cashberry, $%%7A. <b(iously any
cigarette or alcohol manufacturer caught trying to push its product to children is
in breach of the law. +owe(er, all companies need to treat carefully when it
comes to youth marketing. #ccording to the aster 'ettlement #greement
@'#A, participating tobacco companies are bound Limitations on ad(ertising,
marketing, and promotion of cigarettes, prohibition on tobacco ad(ertising that
targets people younger than 18, including the use of cartoons and many more
@Me Tobacco Free, $%16A. Camel is one of the companies which participate in
'#.
#ccording to the introduction the oe Camel cartoon character as part of
an eDtensi(e campaign to celebrate the 7th anni(ersary of the Camel brand
and capture a larger segment of the youth and young adult market. any
children may attract to the oe Camel character because it is important to
remember that -ust because children ha(e an interest in something, it doesn"t
mean that this is the way to reach them @Cashberry, $%%7A. The character lacked
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many camel traits. Feet were always to be co(ered, in footwear consistent with
the rest of the out!t. The character also lacked a tail or hump. #d(ertising
presented oe Camel in a (ariety of fun and entertaining, contemporary and
fresh situations, wearing bold and bright colours, blue and yellow where
appropriate. +is face remained the same in di?erent ad(ertising pieces, and
images of his hands only used when necessary. From the ad(ertisement, children
will be attracted to the cigarettes in order to get the similar personality of the oe
Camel itself @;ikipedia, $%16A. 'o the parents must be alert and aware of their
children"s attention and attraction.
!.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
Companies nowadays are trying to approach kids or children by making an
en-oyable and entertaining ad(ertisement about their products because they
know children are easily attracted to the particular ad(ertisements. #ccording to
this issue, there are some recommendations that can be done by companies and
consumers. First, from the arising issue, . . eynolds or other companies which
related to the particular industry, they must stop from promoting the cigarettes
and alcohol or anything which are direct or indirect to youth. Cigarettes also has
many impacts to our health and may lead to death if they consume for a long
terms. Mased on the aster 'ettle #greement @'#A also, participating tobacco
companies are bound by limitations on ad(ertising, marketing, and promotion of
cigarettes, prohibition on tobacco ad(ertising that targets people younger than
18, including the use of cartoons and limitations on outdoor, billboard, and public
transit ad(ertising. Mefore the company make any ad(ertisement, a proper study
on the impact of the ad(ertisement towards the society should be conducted.
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<ther than stop promoting the cigarettes to the youth, communities also
play an important role in order to reduce the rate of youth smokers. 4rofessional
people such as doctors, teachers and parents themsel(es should take immediate
response when it comes to the issue which is related to kids and children. For
doctors and teachers, they can make the campaign of tobacco free and they can
educate the children and kids about the danger of cigarettes through the
campaign. The campaign also should protect the kids and children from buying
tobacco. They should pay more attention to youth because youth can be easily
in3uenced by new things and youth are easily get interest to the attracti(e
ad(ertisement. For parents, they should take care of their children and being
informed with the daily routines of their children such as who are their children"s
friends, what are acti(ities their children in(ol(ed e(eryday and many more.
".0 CONCLUSION
/n conclusion, all parties ha(e their own responsibilities and should pay
more attention to this related issue. 'ince the issue of targeting kids by . .
eynolds Tobacco Co. is a sensiti(e issue, the company should learn from their
blunder. The company should be more responsible to the society.
/n addition, consumers should aware with the danger of smoking. The
consumers also need to know about the ingredients contain in the cigarette that
may be harmful to their health.. #side from the immediate bad breath, irritated
eyes and throat and increased heartbeat and blood pressure, short2term harms
from youth smoking include respiratory problems, reduced immune function,
increased illness, tooth decay, gum disease and pre2cancerous gene mutations.
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'moking during youth is also associated with an increased likelihood of using
illegal drugs.
oreo(er, each member of society should lend their hands and gi(e their
best e?orts in order to pre(ent kids from smoking. This is because the kids will
be the future leader for the neDt generations.
#.0 REFERENCES
etrie(ed on 0% 'eptember $%16 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel_
%28cigarette%29
etrie(ed on 1 <ctober $%16 from
http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/microsites/camel/Camel_History.pdf
etrie(ed on 1 <ctober $%16 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/obacco_ad!ertising
etrie(ed on 1 <ctober $%16 from
http://www.h"#ngtonpost.com/2$&/$'/&/camel(maga)ine(
ads_n_&&*+89&.html
etrie(ed on $ <ctober $%16 from
http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/research/factsheets/pdf/$$$.pdf
etrie(ed on 7 <ctober $%16 from
http://articles.latimes.com/2$&/oct/2$/opinion/la(oe($2$(proctor(camels(
cigarettes(2$&$2$
etrie(ed on 19 <ctober $%16
from http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/microsites/camel/Camel_History.pdf
1! | 4 a g e
7/18/2019 issue in promotion
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/issue-in-promotion 18/21
etrie(ed on 19 <ctober $%16 from
http://brandfail"res.blogspot.com/2$$,/$2/r-(reynolds(-oe(camel(campaign.html
etrie(ed on $% <ctober $%16 from http://betobaccofree.hhs.go!/laws/
etrie(ed on $% <ctober $%16 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/._._eynolds_obacco_Company
etrie(ed on $1 <ctober $%16 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0o"th_smoking
etrie(ed on $1 <ctober $%16 from http://www.articlebi).com/article/2$888'((
-oe(camel(campaign/
etrie(ed on $$ <ctober $%16 from http://memoryglands.com/-oe(camel
etrie(ed on $$ <ctober from
http://childrenofthenineties.blogspot.com/2$$9/$,/-oe(camel.html
10.0 APPENDI
1" | 4 a g e
7/18/2019 issue in promotion
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/issue-in-promotion 19/21
1# | 4 a g e
7/18/2019 issue in promotion
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/issue-in-promotion 20/21
20 | 4 a g e
7/18/2019 issue in promotion
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/issue-in-promotion 21/21
21 | 4 a g e