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Introduction to Open Educational Resources (OER)
Michael PaskeviciusLearning Technologies Application Developer
Centre for Innovation and Excellence in Learning
Search & Create LicenseRemix Share
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What does the term open educational resources (OER) mean to you?
by dkscully
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Open Educational Resources
Shared
Shared freely and openly to
be…
Used
Improved
Redistributed
… used by anyone to … … adapt / repurpose/
improve under some type of license in order
to …
… redistribute and share
again.
Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are educational materials which are discoverable online and openly licensed that can be:
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Available to other faculties, students and institutions.
Other educators can now discover and reuse.
Learning activity or resource
Creates
Designated as OER on web
Adapted from Conole, G., McAndrew, P. & Dimitriadis, Y., 2010
Shares with studentsand other faculty
Traditional sharing of teaching materials
Sharing educational resources as OER
Additional considerations:• Clearing of copyright issues• Formatting for web and accessibility for reuse• Addition of descriptive metadata• Publishing in repository, referatory or on the web
Educator
Sharing beyond the classroom
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• Alternative copyright Licensing
• A range of financial models
• Affordances of the Internet
• Change in philosophy
Social Technical
LegalFinancial
What has enabled OER?
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The Open Movement
Change in philosophy towards an “Open Movement”Open Source Software
Open Access
Open Licences
Open Science
Open Society
Open Educational Resources
Open Data
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Affordances of the Internet
Title : File:Internet map 1024.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaSource : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpglicense : Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported
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A range of financial models
• Donor funding – e.g. Hewlett Foundation• Marketing budget – e.g. Open University• Commission – e.g. MIT and Amazon• Endowment – e.g. Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy• Membership – e.g. Sakai Consortium, OCWC• Government – e.g. UK £7.8 million grant, US
commitment to OER
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What happens when you create and share something on the internet?
Your work is automatically protected under copyright!
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Online DOES NOT EQUAL openly licensed!
Pixel | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken from - http://www.flickr.com/photos/37408217@N08/5025870260/ Author: filin ilia - aliyo.hu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en
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© Cancels the PossibilitiesOf digital media and the internet
InternetEnables
What to do?
CopyrightForbids
Wiley, D. (2012) Openness and the Future. ETS Future of Assessment Conference. Presentation available: http://www.slideshare.net/opencontent/openness-and-the-future-of-assessment
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Alternative copyright Licensing
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2003-05
2003-08
2003-11
2004-02
2004-05
2004-08
2004-11
2005-02
2005-05
2005-08
2005-11
2006-02
2006-05
2006-12
2007-03
2007-06
2007-11
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2008-05
2008-08
2008-11
2009-02
2009-05
2009-08
2009-11
2010-02
2010-05
2010-08
2010-11
2011-02
2011-05
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
300,000,000
350,000,000
400,000,000
450,000,000
Minimum Total Creative Commons Licensed Works
http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Metrics
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http://creativecommons.org/choose/
Choosing a Creative Commons License
Which Creative Commons licence is right for me? poster | Creative Commons Australia : taken from - http://creativecommons.org.au/learn-more/fact-sheets/which-creative-commons-licence-is-right-for-me-poster http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/
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Recap: What makes an OER?
• Educational curriculum, materials or mixed media
• Discoverable online as they are shared freely and openly
• Openly licensed (usually Creative Commons)• Can be legally used by anyone to repurpose/
improve and redistribute
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OPEN VERSUS CLOSED WEB RESOURCES
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YouTube recently launched a Creative Commons licensing option
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Internet Enables - Copyright Forbids
http://torrentfreak.com/police-raid-school-teacher-for-uploading-history-book-for-students-130520
• Use openly licensed content whenever possible when creating your own digital teaching resources (if planning to share openly online)
• Link back and cite open sources within your content
http://www.roniloren.com/blog/2012/7/20/bloggers-beware-you-can-get-sued-for-using-pics-on-your-blog.html
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WHERE TO FIND OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
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University of Minnesota: Open academics textbook catalog
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Free and open source software
More here: http://www.tripwiremagazine.com/2010/03/20-most-popular-open-source-software-ever-2.htmlhttps://docs.google.com/document/d/1Fh7z6Oz4tBK5yvhjdf3UIRjmhJZrO5SJFFIUngLRaF4/edit
Alternative to: Dreamweaver or hand coded web design
Alternative to: Adobe Audition or Wavelab Alternative to: MS Word,
Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Visio
Alternative to: MS Notepad or Dreamweaver
Alternative to: MS Windows, Apple OS Alternative to: MS
MediaPlayer
Alternative to: Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator
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Open access research: DOAJ
List of Journals Licensed under a Creative Commons License
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B.C. Open Textbook Project
Brigham Young University faculty survey seeks to advance open education through academic libraries | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken from - http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/6555466069/ Author: opensourceway http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en
“B.C. is leveraging 21st century-technologies and licensing to ensure its citizens have affordable access to
high-quality post-secondary textbooks. Open licensing on publicly funded content ensures the greatest
impact for the public dollar.“
Dr. Cable
Green (Creative Commons) http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2012AEIT0010-001581.htmCal for reviews: http://open.bccampus.ca/call-for-reviewers/
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SOME TOOLS OF THE TRADE
A Creative Commons image by (ta)
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https://wordpress.viu.ca/openeducationalresources/
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Compfight image search and attribution tool
• Searches Creative Commons Flickr images
• Provides license and attribution for image
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Attribution made “easier”• Browser plugin lets you
know when you are on a webpage which uses Creative Commons
• Click icon to access attribution text
• Add on available for Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Wordpress and Drupal
http://openattribute.com/Demo
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Xpert Image Attribution Tool • Searches Creative
Commons Flickr images
• Embeds license and attribution on image for download and use
http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/xpert/attribution/
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Attributing Creative Commons
https://twitter.com/Mattclare/status/331429150143430659/photo/1
Author, Title, Source, URL to source, URL to license
MIT OpenCourseWare
Nuclear Systems Design Project | Nuclear Science and Engineering | MIT OpenCourseWare : taken from - http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/nuclear-engineering/22-033-nuclear-systems-design-project-fall-2011/ Author: Dr. Michael Short http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/deed.en_US
Wikipedia
Vancouver Island University - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia : taken from - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_Island_University http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
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MITx: MIT’s latest open education projectUdacity
Coursera
2012 - Year of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)
• Are they really open?• Content free, pay for
accreditation?• You pay with your data?
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WHY GO OPEN?WHAT ARE THE POSSIBILITIES?
by ryancr
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CHED Computer Literacy Guides• IEEE UCT chapter use the openly licensed CHED computer
literacy materials to support training in a computer lab donated to a high school
http://www.ebe.uct.ac.za/usr/ebe/staff/april2010.pdf
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Creative Commons Licensing Screencast• Creative Commons licensing video is translated into
Czechoslovakian, French, Italian and Spanish on YouTube
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Studying at University: A guide for first year students
• Used by multiple universities across South Africa • The guide has been accessed over 3800 times on
the web and over 600 physical printed guides have been sold
• Now used at VIU!
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OpenContent becomes a Journal Article
• Materials published as OER selected for publishing in the Journal of Occupational Therapy of Galicia, an open access journal for occupational therapists in the Spanish speaking world
http://blogs.uct.ac.za/blog/oer-uct/2010/12/06/sharing-knowledge-leads-to-opportunities
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Measuring influence: Alternative metrics
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Closing note:
"When you learn transparently (and openly) you become a teacher“
Siemens, 2010
Siemens, G. & Matheos, K. (2010). Open Social Learning in Higher Education: An African Context. VI International Seminar of the UNESCO chair in e-learning; open social learning. Available online: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oexie4cwpf8
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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License. To view a copy of this license, visit
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ca/
Prepared by: Michael Paskevicius Learning Technologies Application DeveloperCentre for Innovation and Excellence in [email protected]
Follow me: http://twitter.com/mpaskevi
Blog: http://wordpress.viu.ca/edtechdev/
Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/mpaskevi