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INTRODUCTION TO NAVIGATION
Reading a map is an essential skill for planning a walk and for knowing where you are.
You don’t need to be able to use a compass to lead a low level walk, but it can help. It is however essential to be competent in using a compass for leading remote and challenging walks.
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MAPPING BASICS
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1:25000 Explorer
Best to check date of issue as landmarks can change over time. Other maps are available, such as
Harvey's.
MAP TYPES
1:50000 Landranger
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AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION!
WHERE AM I?
Give everyone 4 or 5 Grid References from the map and ask them to identify what they find there
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MEASURING SCALE
1:25 000 OS Explorer
1:50 000 OS Landranger
It might help you to remember that the larger the number in the scale, the smaller the scale of the map will be.
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AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION!
MAP SYMBOLS
Split into groups and identify
the symbols
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CONTOURS
How high is each hill?
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Contours closer together at top
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Contours closer together at bottom
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12AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION!
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13MAP FEATURES
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14PARTS OF A COMPASS
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ALIGNING THE MAP WITH THE REAL WORLD
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(building)
(bridge)
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Read the bearing off here
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To follow the bearing:
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MEASURING DISTANCE
Grid squares
String method
Straight edge
Map measurer
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AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION!
FIND YOUR WAY
Give everyone 3 or 4 end points and ask them to identify what they are, the distance from each start to each end point and the bearing between them
START POINT GR X
WHAT IS FOUND THERE?
END POINT GR Y
WHAT IS FOUND THERE?
BEARING FROM X TO Y AND DISTANCE
438005
High House
405013
Youth Hostel at High Cross Castle
285 degrees
3.38 km
EXAMPLE
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TIMING YOUR WALK
When looking at timings for your walk consider:
• walking speed (vary with terrain, stiles, party etc)
Kph mins per km
3 20
3.5 17
4 15
4.5 13.3
5 12
• Climbing hills – Naismith’s rule 30 mins extra per 300m ascended (1 min per 10m contour line)
• Stops, including comfort breaks, lunch, etc…
• Contingency
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More advice and guidance can be found at the walk leaders pages of the Ramblers website:
www.ramblers.org.uk/Volunteer/AreaGroup/Resources/Led+Walks.htm
or email [email protected]
Thanks to all Ramblers groups whose websites were the source of some of the pictures.
FURTHER GUIDANCE AND SUPPORT
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