5- COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE & SPAIN IN THE NEW WORLDESSENTIAL OBJECTIVE: HOW DID THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE IMPACT THE OLD AND NEW WORLDS?
Introduction Following Columbus’
voyage to America, Spain worked to gain control over North and South America
Explorers began making great strides in discovering new parts of the world
Leif Ericson First European to
discover America in th eyear 1000
Christopher Columbus Re-discovers America,
causing the Old and New worlds to interact for the first time.
Amerigo Vespucci Mapped the New World
and discovered it was its own continent; who the Amercias are named after.
Ferdinand Magellan Led first voyage to
circumnavigate the world
Hernan Cortes Conquered the Aztec
Empire
Francisco Pizzaro: Conquered the Inca
Empire
Columbian Exchange
Definition: Columbian Exchange Transfer of animals, plants and disease
from the “New World” and the “Old World”
Old World: Africa, Asia and Europe
New World: North and South America
Columbian Exchange New World gifts:
Corn Potatoes Tomatoes Pineapple Tobacco Pumpkins Turkeys Chocolate Peppers
Columbian Exchange Old World Gifts:
Cattle Horses Sheep Wheat, Rice, Oats Sugar cane Bananas Citrus Fruits Coffee Onions
Old World Advantages
Disease Main disease: Smallpox
Others: Measles and Typhus
Smallpox causes painful boils, fever, death
Europeans were unaffected because of immunities
Millions of Natives die from smallpox brought by Europeans
Old World Advantages
Technology Guns/Cannons Ships Steel Armor
Horses Faster than native
domesticated animals
Carry supplies to battles
Old World Advantages
Significance: Cortes uses these advantages to conquer the Aztecs. Francisco Pizzaro will also use them to conquer the Inca
Encomienda System
Definition: Gave Spanish settlers the right to tax and demand labor from Native Americans
Settlers allowed to punish Natives anyway they wanted
Natives forced to adopt Catholicism