Download - INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
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• Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions of the upper respiratory, tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura, and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing
• Respiratory diseases range from mild and self-limiting, such as the common cold, to life-threatening entities like bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, and lung cancer
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COMMON DISORDERS
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Apnea
• Absence of breathing
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Asthma
• A lung disease characterized by reversible inflammation and constriction
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Bronchial Pneumonia/ Bronchopneumonia
• Inflammation of the smaller bronchial tubes
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Bronchiolitis• Inflammation of
the bronchioles
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Bronchiostenosis• Narrowing of the
bronchial tubes
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Bronchitis• Inflammation
of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes
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Bronchomalacia
• Degeneration or softening of the bronchi
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Bronchorrea• Excessive mucus
production by a bronchus
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Bronchospasm
• Abnormal contraction of bronchi
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Bronchostenosis
• Chronic narrowing of a bronchus
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Dyspnea
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Emphysema
• Condition in which the alveoli are inefficient because of distension
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Laryn-• Laryngitis
Inflammation of the larynx
• LaryngospasmInvoluntary contraction
of the larynx• Laryngostenosis
A narrowing of the larynx
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Pharyn-• Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the pharynx• Pharyngocele
A hernia or diverticulum in the pharynx
• PharyngoplegiaParalysis of the pharynx
• PharyngospasmInvoluntary contraction of the
pharynx• Pharyngostenosis
Narrowing of the pharynx
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Phren-
• PhrenalgiaPain in the
diaphragm• Phrenoplegia
Paralysis of the diaphragm
• PneumolithCalculus in a lung
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Pneumonia
• Inflammation of a lung caused by infection, chemical inhalation, or trauma
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Rhin-
• Rhinalgia/ RhinodyniaPain in the nose
• RhinitisInflammation of the
inner lining of the nasal cavity
• RhinopathyAny disease of the
nose
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Rhinorrhea
• Discharge from the rhinal mucous membrane
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Rhinostenosis
• Narrowing or obstruction occurring in the nasal passages
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Sinusitis• Inflammation of the respiratory sinuses
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Tracheitis
• Inflammation of the trachea
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Tracheomalacia
• Softening (degeneration) of tracheal tissue
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Tracheomegaly• Abnormal dilation of the trachea
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Tracheorrhagia• Hemorrhage
of the trachea
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Tracheostenosis
• Abnormal narrowing of the trachea
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DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT
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Angiogram
• Printed record obtained through angiography
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Bronchoscope• A device for visually
inspecting the interior of a bronchus
Bronchoscopy• Inspection using a
bronchoscope
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Laryngoscope• Instrument with a light
at the tip to aid in visual inspection of the larynx
Laryngoscopy• Visual inspection of
the larynx with the aid of a laryngoscope
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Pharyngoscope• Instrument with a light
at the tip to aid in visual inspection of the pharynx
Pharyngoscopy• Visual inspection of the
pharynx with the aid of a pharyngoscope
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Rhinoscope• A small mirror with a
thin handle; used in rhinoscopy
Rhinoscopy• Visual inspection of the
nasal areas