Download - Institutional GIS
Civilization
There has never been a civilization that did not produce and use maps.
Geography
• Unifies practically all environmental variables
• Most compact & consistent way to handle environmental variables
• Helps simplify complicated environmental issues
• “Common ground”
Maps
• “Science of princes”
• Society invests in spatial information gathering
• Maps are powerful• Invite action• Present opportunities
• Romantic
Mercenary Geographers
• Hallowed tradition:Columbus, Magellan, Cook, Burton, even Neil Armstrong
• “You pay, we find”
• We today are not really that different
Obstacles
Social inertia
Institutional inertia
Individual inertia
Can go nowhere fast
Institutional issues
“Yes its a dull story, but one that has to be told”
Overheard at the opening of a dental museum
Institutional inertia
• Based on stable information flows
• Status quo is “nice”
• Information is power
• Institutional political crisis caused by “innocent” technology
Individual inertia
• Information “ownership” equal to organizational position
• Not “my” problem
• Bred by irregular contact with information (managers)
• Less prevalent among technology users,(daily contact with information)
Institutional Planning
• In US is considered “key” to long term success
• Rare here
• Helps organization accept changes introduced by new technology
• Concentrate development
• “Get with the program”
Roles
MentorSponsorAnalystUserOperatorSystem supplierData supplier
System Sponsor
Active responsibility
Political responsibility
Financial responsibility
Something to gain or lose
Also darn hard to find
Mentor
Trusted, neutralRequires some institutional task
accomplishedSees GIS as tool to accomplish
his taskPrevents “hijacking”
GIS Technology
Its no longer a cult
Production &delivery ofGIS info
Symbolicvalue of GIS
Control overGIS
Political Impact of GIS
after The Management of Information Systems
ImplementationImplementationof GIS in of GIS in
OrganizationsOrganizations
Re-distributionof institutionalpower
Institutional issues
Iron Law of Distribution:
Them that has, getsThem that has, gets
Institutional Viewpoints on Implementation
Cost Schedule Performance
Top Management Couldn’tcare less
Budget Couldn’tcare less
Couldn’tcare less
Client
Implementor
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Open System Standard technology Extensible system Multi-purpose Multi-user
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Open system Important for long-term survival of system Developers can get at most important parts of the system Intranet (HTML, ColdFusion, SQL, JavaScript) Public, published database design GIS programming via VisualBasic/ Avenue /AML
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Standard technology Nothing funny or hard to find/maintain Mainly off-the-shelf Standard OS (WindowsNT Thai & Windows95 Thai, its in Thai) Client/Server technology for both GIS & Database management GIS: Arc/Info & ArcView (a leading GIS company with offices in
Thailand) Database: SQL Server (a leading software company with offices in
Thailand) ColdFusion: leading internet/intranet development language (high-
level, 4GL, maintained via the internet) Intranet/SQL/OS tightly integrated Connection to National Registration database Hardware all locally obtained
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Extensible system Intranet technology allows easy distribution of data &
applications to all desktops within the municipality Coldfusion & HTML allow further database application
development Stored SQL procedures allow GIS & database applications
to share & standardize code Further develop GIS applications using VisualBasic, Avenue
& MapObjects Live connection to National Registration database Plug & play to internet
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Multi-purpose / Multi-user Tax collection City planning Election Environmental issues Education 191/Security Infrastructure Recreation Toursim promotion Almost whatever you need or can imagine
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Internet Plug & play upgrade from current system Globally promote Korat Link to hotels, tourist sites: offer on-line, dynamic
tourist information, hotel & tour booking, etc. Conduct business via the internet (eCommerce) Generate dollar income! Ennis, County Claire, Ireland wired whole town to
internet (if we only had the money)
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Design Goals Tightly integrate SQL & GIS databases Easy to use Consistent data entry via pulldown menus Automatic calculations rather than data entry Return most queries to user within 20 seconds Capture all transactions for easy roll-back Close-of-business-day for all time consuming
processes (tax estimation, data QC, data integrity checks, etc run late at night, eg after 1:00 am)
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Tax Estimation Uses tax rate tables and information provided by
GIS applications Sign tax calcuated at data entry time House & property taxes calculated nightly after
close-of-business-day Tax rate tables (attribute data) updated via intranet Tax zones (spatial data) updated via GIS
application
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Costs/Benefits 5.9 million baht total project About 37,000 parcels (159 baht per parcel) About 56,000 houses (105 baht per house) About 187,000 people (31 baht per person) Around 63 baht per asset (house & parcel) Plus indirect (not yet quantified) benefits to other divisions in
Korat City Compared to Ban Bung’s 375 baht per parcel
(about 2.25 million baht for 6,000 parcels. budget does not include hidden costs of data automation, free software, etc)
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Concept City staff are already experts at what they do Not make the city’s staff experts in building large, detailed
GIS databases Make the city’s staff experts in using & maintaining large,
detailed GIS databases
Nakorn Ratchasima GIS
Arc/Info
ArcView Intranet
MapObjects
SQL Databse SQL stored procedures
SQL stored proceduresSQL sto
red procedures
Use & Re-Use SQL Stored Procedures