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Installation Guide
Version 7.3February 1998Part No. 000-4352
for Informix Dynamic Server TM
on UNIX
Informix Dynamic ServerInformix Dynamic Server, Developer EditionInformix Dynamic Server, Workgroup Edition
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ii Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX
Published by INFORMIX Press Informix Software, Inc.4100 Bohann on Drive
Menlo Park , CA 94025-1032
Copyright 1981-1998 by Informix Software, Inc. or its su bsidiaries, provided that portions may becopyrighted by third p arties, as set forth in docu mentation . All rights reserved .
The following are world wid e tradem arks of Informix Software, Inc., or its subsid iaries, registered in the
United States of America as indicated by , and in nu merous other countries worldw ide:
Answers On Line; INFORMIX; Inform ix; Illustr a; C-ISAM; DataBlade; Dynam ic Server; Gateway;NewEra
All other names or marks m ay be registered trad emarks or trad emarks of their respective owners.
Documen tation Team: Barbara Nom iyama, Tom Noron ha, Eileen Wollam
RESTRICTED RIGHTS/ SPECIAL LICENSE RIGHTS
Software and docum entation acquired w ith US Governm ent fund s are provided w ith rights as follows: (1) iffor civilian agen cy use, with Restricted Rights as d efined in FAR 52.227-19; (2) if for Dep t. of Defense use, with
rights as restricted by vend or's standard license, unless superseded by negotiated ven dor license as prescribedin DFAR 227.7202. Any w hole or par tial reprodu ction of software or d ocumen tation mar ked w ith this legend
must reprodu ce the legend.
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Table of Contents
Table ofContents
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Types of Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Preparing to Install Informix Products . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Order of Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Compatibility Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Installing the Database Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Esta blish in g th e in form ix User, Grou p , a nd Director y . . . . 4Setting the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Ver ifying Directory Ownersh ip by the In formix User . . . . . 6
Loading Product Source Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Checking On-Line Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Running the Installation Script . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Role Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Set ting Up the Accoun ts for Separate Admin ist ra tive Roles . . 10
Setting Up the Accounts for Standard Users . . . . . . . . 11Setting the Role-Separation Environm ent Variable. . . . . . 12
Starting the Role-Separation Installation Scrip t . . . . . . . 12
Preparing to Use the Database Server . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Solving Installation Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Media-Loading Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Product-Installation Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Access Problems After Installation . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Difficulties While Using Informix Products . . . . . . . . 20
Index
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 1
About This Manual
This manu al contains instru ctions for how to install Informix Dynamic
Server an d INFORMIX-Connect on compu ters that run the UNIX operating
system. Keep it with you r Informix software d ocum entation for easyreference.
The information in this gu ide describes the basic installation procedu res in a
UNIX environm ent for the following Informix produ cts:
s Informix Dynam ic Server, Version 7.3
s INFORMIX-Connect, Version 2.0x
Types of Users
This man ua l is written for database adm inistrators who are installing
Informix database server produ cts. This man ua l assum es that you are
familiar w ith the operating p rocedu res of your comp uter and with you roperating system.
Preparing to Instal l Informix Products
To install Informix prod ucts, you set certain environm ent variables, load thefiles sup plied by Informix onto your comp uter, and run an installation script.
You can install Informix prod ucts only as licensed by Informix. You m ust n ot
transfer software from one comp uter to another or to another p ortion of your
network w ithout reregistration an d the w ritten consent of Informix.
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2 Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX
Order of Installation
For the installation procedu res, see Installing the Database Server on
p age 3. If you encoun ter d ifficulties when you install these prod ucts, refer toSolving Installation Problems on page 14. If you continue to encounter
problems, contact the Informix Technical Sup port Dep artm ent. In North
Am erica, call toll-free (800) 274-8184 or send a FAX to (913) 599-8590. Ou tsid e
North Am erica, contact your d istributor or the nearest Informix subsidiary.
Order of InstallationIf you install more than one Informix produ ct on the sam e comp uter, you d o
not h ave to install them in a specific order. You can install clients first or the
database server first.
For information abou t m igrating from one Informix database server to
anoth er, see theInformix Migration Guide.
If you install more than one Informix prod uct, comp lete all installation
procedu res for one p rodu ct before you star t to install the next prod uct. Do
not load the files from another Informix product onto your comp uter un til
you comp lete the current installation.
To preserve product files of earlier versions, create separate directories for
each version of your Informix produ cts. If you install mu ltiple versions of an
Informix produ ct, set theINFORMIXDIR
environment variable to the ap pro-pr iate directory nam e for the version that you want to access.
For information about the INFORMIXDIR environm ent variable, see Setting
the Environment on page 5.
Compatibility Information
Earlier versions of Informix client p rodu cts are comp atible with Informix
Dynamic Server.
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 3
Installing the Database Server
Install ing the Database ServerDatabase server installation includ es the following tasks:
s Establishing th e informix user, group , and d irectory
s Setting the environment
s Verifying d irectory ow nership by u ser informix
s Loading prod uct source files
s Checking on-line files
s Runn ing the installation script
s Op tionally enabling th e Role Separa tion feature
s Preparing to use the database server
Before you p roceed w ith the steps in this section, review the d iscussion of theadd itional configuration tasks in you rAdministrators Guide.
Certain compu ters require special installation p rocedures. If you have such a
compu ter, Inform ix includ es a separate installation letter with the prod uct
materials package. If you fin d such a letter, follow th ose instructions before
you continue w ith the installation instru ctions in th is guide. Also, refer to the
app ropriate machine notes file for add itional instructions that pertain to your
computer.
If any Informix prod uct is currently installed, you can bypass Establishing
the informix User, Group, and Directory on page 4and go d irectly to
Setting the Environment on page 5.
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Establishing the informix User, Group, and Directory
Establishing the informix User, Group, and Directory
The first time that you install an Informix produ ct, you need to create a new
user, group, and d irectory.
Creating the informix User and Group
The following steps illustrate how to create entries for the user and group
informix. If you d o not have root user p rivileges, ask your system ad minis-trator to perform these steps.
1. Log in as root.
2. Use any operating-system tool or utility that can create a new entry
for the group informix in the grou p file. The grou p file is /etc/groupon most UNIX-based systems. Provide an un used grou p n um ber
equal to or greater than 100. If necessary, see your system adminis-
trator or operating-system manu al for assistance.
3. Add a new u ser called informix with any operating-system tool orutility that can create a new en try in the /etc/passwd file. Provide auser ID num ber equal to or greater than 100 for that u ser and assign
the user to the group informix. Create a password for the user
informix.
Important: When you use a network, propagate the new user name to all the systemson the network. For example, on some systems you (or the network administrator)
must run theypmake utility.
The user informix is the database equ ivalent of the UNIX rootaccoun t, so that an yone logged in as informix can comp letely access
any Informix products and d atabases. Make sure that you keep the
password for the user informix confidential.
Informix prod ucts use the group informix internally to controldatabase access. You mu st make the u ser informix th e only memberof the group informix. If you make an actual user of an Informixprod uct a member of the group informix, you can cause unintendedand un controlled database access.
Important: When administrative role separation is enforced, any person logged on asthe userinformix is a database server administrator.
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 5
Setting the Environment
Creating the Informix Directory
The following steps illustrate how to create the Informix d irectory:
1. Log in as root.
The rest of this procedu re assumes that you are logged in as rootun less otherw ise specified.
2. Create a new directory for your Informix produ ct:
Your Informix directory can be any directory that is local and is notmou nted from another system on the network.
Setting the Environment
Important:A database server must be installed in the same directory as any localclient products that use it. Make sure thatINFORMIXDIR is set to this directory
before you install the client products.
To prepare th e UNIXenvironm ent for the installation procedu re, log in as rootand then set the terminal erase key to the backspace key w ith the following
command:
stty erase CTRL-h
Tip: CTRL-h looks like ^H on the screen.
Before you can install an Informix prod uct, you need to set the
INFORMIXDIR an d PATH environm ent variables. Follow these steps:
1. Set the INFORMIXDIR environm ent variable to the directory that you
created for your Informix produ cts.
INFORMIXDIR specifies the directory wh ere the prod uct files are
installed.
2. Ad d $INFORMIXDIR/bin to the PATH environment variable.
PATH tells the shell the d irectories to search for executable files.
For more information abou t the Informix environm ent variables, see the
Informix Guide to SQL: Reference.
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Verifying Directory Ownership by the Informix User
Verifying Directory Ownership by the Informix User
If you have installed or p lan to install INFORMIX-Client Software Developer s
Kit, Version 2.0x, or INFORMIX-Connect, Version 2.0x, on this comp uter,
proceed to Loading Product Source Files.
If you p lan to install the d atabase server onto an existing d atabase server
installation w ithout first installing either INFORMIX-Client Software
Developers Kit, Version 2.0x, or INFORMIX-Connect, Version 2.0x, you
mu st ensure that the user informix owns the aaodir, dbssodir, andhhelp/xprinter directories.
Loading Product Source Files
Your Informix prod uct materials includ e a serial-num ber keycard and
electronic media that contain all prod uct files. Both are necessary for instal-lation. If you d o not have the serial-nu mber keycard or th e proper m edia,
contact your supp lier or Informix sales representative.
To load the product source files
1. Load th e media sup plied w ith your software into the appropriate
drive of your comp uter.
If you are installing from a CD , use the UNIX mount command tomount the CD.
2. Make sure that you are in the INFORMIXDIR directory.
3. To tran sfer the software from th e med ia to the cur rent d irectory, enter
the appropriate cpio, tar, or other load command listed on the Load
Line on the serial-nu mber keycard.
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 7
Checking On-Line Files
Checking On-Line Files
The Inform ix prod uct files include online informational files that answer
specific technical questions. These files are installed in the
$INFORMIXDIR/release/en_us/0333 directory.
Three categories of on-line informational files exist:
s Docum entation notes
s Release notes
s Machine notes
The num ber at the end of each filename ind icates the prod uct version
nu mber for that file (for examp le, SERVERS_7.3 or DBACCDOC_7.3).
Important: Sometimes machine notes contain information for how to installInformix products on a particular computer. Make sure you read the appropriate
Informix machine notes after you load, and before you run, the appropriate instal-
lation script for your product.
When you use any Informix manu al, also refer to the documentation notes,
release notes, and machine notes files that are referenced in that m anu al.
References to these files app ear in the introd uction of each m anu al.
On-Line File Purpose
INSTALLDOC_7.3 Documentation-notes files describe features that are not
covered in p roduct manu als or that have been mod ified since
pu blication. The file listed contains the docum entation notes
for this manu al.
SERVERS_7.3 Release-notes files describe comp atibility issues, featu re differ-
ences from earlier versions of Informix prod ucts, and how
these differences might affect current products. Release notesalso contain information abou t any known problems and their
workarounds.
IDS_7.3 Machine-notes files describe any special actions that are
required to configure and u se Informix produ cts on your
compu ter. Machine notes are named for the produ ct described.
For examp le, the file listed contains the m achine notes for the
data base server.
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8 Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX
Running the Installation Script
Important: The release notes and documentation notes files contain important
information for application development. Therefore you need to make this infor-mation available to both developers and users. Informix recommends that you print
copies of these files and attach a copy to each set of documentation. The machine notes
files contain information primarily of interest to system and database administrators.
To install the database server and enable role separation, refer to Role
Separation on page 10. Otherw ise, continue w ith the next section, Running
the Installation Script. For a description of role separation, see your Trusted
Facility Manual.
Running the Installation Script
Figure 1 show s the scripts that you can use to install the d atabase server.
Figure 1
Installation Commands for Informix Products
To run the instal lat ion script
1. Log in as root.
2. Enter one of the installation command s listed in Figure 1.
If you have installed INFORMIX-Client Software Developers Kit,
Version 2.0x, on this comp uter, you d o not need to execute the
./installconn script at this time.
Product Installation Command
INFORMIX-Connect ./installconn
Informix Dynamic Server ./installserver
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 9
Running the Installation Script
If you execute the ./installconn script, you can u se one of the op tions
in the following table.
If you d o not sup ply one of these options, the script asks you to
specify the d atabase server w ith w hich you are installing Conn ect. To
install Connect with Informix Dynamic Server, you m ust be logged
on as root.
3. To install the database server w ithout role separation, execute the
./installserver script. To enable role separation, refer to Role
Separation on page 10.After you enter the installation comm and or finish role-separation
configurat ion, as described in Role Separation,the script d isplays
information about the p rodu ct and the script requirements.
4. Press RETURN to continue the installation p rocedu re.
The following prom pt app ears:
Enter your serial number (for example, INF#X999999) >5. Enter the 11-character License S/N from your serial-num ber
keycard.
The License S/N consists of three upp ercase letters, followed by a
pou nd sign (#), followed by one u pp ercase letter and six digits.
After you press RETURN, the script p rompts you to enter your Key.
6. Enter th e six-letter Key from your serial-nu mber keycard.
After you press RETURN, the script d isplays a message about the
license agreement with Informix. If your software is licensed for u se
by an u nlimited nu mber of simu ltaneous u sers, the script displays a
message to that effect.
Option M eaning
-o Install Connect and Informix Dynam ic Server at th e same time.If you select this option, you shou ld be logged in as root.
-s Install Connect as a stand alone product.
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Role Separation
7. Press RETURN to continue the installation p rocedure.
At this point, the installation procedu re begins. A series of messagesapp ear on th e screen as each d irectory is installed. The messages look
similar to the following examp le:
Installing directory .Installing directory binInstalling directory lib
.
.
.8. If no error messages app ear du ring the installation procedu re, the
installation is successful. If any error m essages app ear before the
Installation complete message, see Solving Installation
Problems on page 14.
Role Separation
Role separation is an enhan ced-security featu re that p rovides checks and
balances to ad ministrative responsibilities. Role separation requires
mem bers of d ifferent operating-system user grou ps to run the database
server while they perform u nique adm inistrative tasks. You m ust d ecide
when you install the d atabase server wh ether you w ant to activate the role-
separation feature.
This section shows you how to start the installation script and how to
configure the role-separation p ortion of the installation script. At th e end of
this section, you are referred back to step 3 on page 9 in Runn ing the Instal-
lation Scriptto finish the rest of the installation procedu re.
Setting Up the Accounts for Separate Administrative Roles
To enable role separation, you m ust set up separate ad ministrative-role
accoun ts before you ru n the installation script. In ad d ition to the d atabase
server ad ministrator, role separation requires the following accoun ts:
s The aud it analysis officer (AAO) account
s The da tabase system secur ity officer (DBSSO) account
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 11
Setting Up the Accounts for Standard Users
For information about the AAO and the DBSSO accoun ts, see your Trusted
Facility Manual.
Important:Members of the group informix are characterized as the database serveradministrator and as such are not configurable at installation time.
Account Names
To enable role separation, use accoun t nam es other than informix or root forth e AAO an d DBSSO accoun ts. You can have as many AAO an d DBSSO
accoun ts as your system needs, but only one u ser and one group are required
for the AAO an d DBSSO directories.
For au dit p urp oses, Informix recomm ends that you establish one account for
each ind ividual who acts as an AAO or DBSSO . For example, dickAAO an d
janeAAO might be the accoun t nam es for the AAO role, and DBSSO1 an d
DBSSO2 might be the account nam es for the DBSSO role. In ad d ition, allstandard users should h ave separate accoun t nam es.
Group Names
Group assignments are central to role-separa tion imp lementation. AAOs and
DBSSOs gain their administrative pr ivileges based on th eir group assign-
men ts. The AAO group maintains and an alyzes aud its, while the DBSSOgroup oversees the secur ity concerns of the database server. Assign u nique
nam es to the AAO an d DBSSO group s. For examp le, you could specify the
groups ix_aao an d ix_dbsso or the group s auditors an d admin. Databaseserver adm inistrators gain their administrative privilege based on their
mem bership in the group informix.
Setting Up the Accounts for Standard Users
Standard users mu st belong to a designated user group to access the database
server. To restrict standard-user access to th e d atabase, create a special group .
If you sp ecify that grou p d ur ing the role-separation p ortion of database
server installation, only m embers of that special group can access the
database server. By d efau lt, all user g roup s can access the d atabase server.
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Setting the Role-Separation Environment Variable
Setting the Role-Separation Environment Variable
After you set up the role-separation accoun ts, enable the role-separation
environm ent variable. When you set the INF_ROLE_SEP environment
variable, role separation is imp lemented , and separate groups are respon -
sible for sp ecific administrative tasks.
After you hav e set this environm ent variable, you are read y to install the
database server with role separation.
Starting the Role-Separation Installation Script
This section d escribes how to start the installation script an d configu re the
role-separation por tion of the installation script.
The role-separation script assigns the n ewly created AAO an d DBSSO users
and groups to own the aaodir an d dbssodir subd irectories in the $INFOR-MIXDIR directory. The d atabase server u ses the $INFORMIXDIR directory todetermine wh o has AAO an d DBSSO pr ivileges. By default the user informixand the group informix own all $INFORMIXDIR subdirectories.
To run the instal lat ion script
1. Enter the following database server installation command :
./installserver
The script d isplays information about role separation.
2. Press RETURN to continue role-separation configu ration.
The script prom pts you for a group nam e for the DBSSO account.
3. Enter the group nam e for the DBSSO account.
The group name that you enter becomes the group that ow ns thedbssodirdirectory. The group n ame mu st be identical to the groupname that you assigned to the DBSSO group.
The script prom pts you for a group nam e for the AAO account.
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 13
Starting the Role-Separation Installation Script
4. Enter the group name for the AAO account.
This step sp ecifies the group of users who are allowed to access thedatabase. The group name that you enter becomes the group that
owns the aaodirdirectory. The group n ame mu st be identical to thegroup nam e that you assigned to the AAO group.
The script p rompts you for a grou p name for the u ser account.
5. Enter the nam e of the group that should be granted access to the
database.
Users wh o are mem bers of this group can access the da tabase server.
To gran t access to all user grou ps, enter an asterisk (*). If you do not
specify a grou p, th e script uses th e d efault (*).
After you press RETURN, the information that you entered is
disp layed as follows:
The DBSSO group is dbsso_group
The AAO group is aao_groupThe USER group is user_groupPlease inspect your choices and Press RETURN toContinue or (q/Q) to Quit:
6. If the va lues described in step 5 are not correct, press Q and restart the
installation script.
If all of the values are correct, press RETURN.
The configurat ion of role separation is complete. To p roceed with the rest ofthe installation p rocedure, refer to the explanatory text that follows Figure 1
on page 8and follow all subsequ ent steps.
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14 Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX
Preparing to Use the Database Server
Preparing to Use the Database ServerThe database server requires add itional installation and configuration tasks
not covered in this guid e. For information on h ow to set the required
environm ent variables, how to set up the sqlhosts and the onconfig.std files,and other configuration tasks, see your Administrators Guide.
Before you use an installed Informix prod uct, you mu st set the following
environment variables:
s INFORMIXDIR
s PATH
s The environmen t variable that specifies the library search path
If you p erformed th e steps in Setting the Environment on page 5, you
already set INFORMIXDIR an d PATH. On Solaris, the environment var iablethat sp ecifies the library search path is LD_LIBRARY_PATH. Use the appro-
pr iate environm ent variable for your system.
Solving Installation Problems
This section describes the more comm on installation p roblems and how to
solve them. If any of the out lined problems p ersist, contact the Informix
Techn ical Supp ort Depar tmen t. In N orth America, call toll-free
(800) 274-8184 or send a FAX to (913) 599-8590. Outside North Am erica,
contact your d istribu tor or the nearest Inform ix subsidiary.
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 15
Media-Loading Failures
Media-Loading Failures
The problems in this category refer to d ifficulties wh en you load the prod uct
files onto your comp uter from th e media supp lied by Informix:
s Problem.You attem pt to load the files, but th e cpio, tar, or other load
comman d fails with an error message similar to one of the following
examples:
invalid blocksize
cannot open devicenameunknown optiontape read error
Solution. The load command is most likely to fail because the w rongcomm and argum ents were entered or because the media is
damaged. Check the serial-num ber keycard an d verify that you
entered the cpio, tar, or other load comm and s exactly as written.
Try the comm and again. If it continu es to fail, contact the Informix
Technical Sup port Department or the vend or from whom you
pu rchased th e produ ct. You m ight need to obtain new med ia.
s Problem. You copy files with cpio from mu ltiple disks onto a (mostfrequently XENIX-based) comp uter. After you enter the
cpio command , you get a message similar to one of the following
examples:
error 9: cannot read input ... typedevice/filename to continue.error 2: cannot read input ... typedevice/filename to continue.
Solution. Although these messages appear to refer to an error, they
might instead be messages that promp t you to insert the next disk
and to type the d evice name to continu e. The message cannot read
input in this context means tha t no more data is present to read on
that d isk. Load the n ext disk, enter th e device name exactly as you
did for the cpio comm and , and p ress RETURN. Continue the p rocess
for each d isk sup plied for that Informix produ ct.
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Product-Installation Failures
Product- Instal lat ion Failures
The problems in th is category refer to difficulties that you might encounter
while you ru n the installation script:
s Problem.When you attemp t an installation, you see the following
message:
Please rerun this installation procedure asthe informix user.
Solution. Check that you are logged in as informix.
s Problem.When you attemp t an installation, you see the followingmessage:
INFORMIXDIR is not set.
Solution. No d efault INFORMIXDIR exists for insta llation. You m ustset the variable to the d irectory where the p rodu ct is to be installed.
s Problem.When you attem pt installation, you see the followingmessage:
INFORMIXDIR and working directory do not match.INFORMIXDIR = pathnameCurrent working directory = pathname
Solution. To run the installation script, you m ust be in th eINFORMIXDIR directory. Make sure that you a re in the
INFORMIXDIR directory.
Problem. After you enter th e six-letter Key, the script d isplays amessage similar to one of the following examp les:
chmod: cant change filenameetc/brand: cannot open filenamefilename: not owner
Solution. This problem u sually occurs because you load ed theprod uct source files as user root.
If you plan to install the prod uct onto an existing installation, log ou t
and log back in as informix. Reload the prod uct source files (see
Loading Produ ct Source Files on p age 6) and repeat all subsequ ent
steps.
If this is the first Informix prod uct to be installed, remove the
informix directory and all of its files. Then begin w ith Creating the
Informix Directory on p age 5 and repeat all subsequent steps.
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 17
Product-Installation Failures
This problem can also occur w hen you attemp t the installation on a
cross-moun ted file system. In such a case, log in as informix on thecompu ter wh ere the cross-mou nted file system resides. Follow the
suggested procedu res of the preceding p aragraphs as ap propriate.
s Problem. After you enter the six-letter Key, the following messageapp ears as d ifferent d irectories are installed:
"WARNING: This is an invalid serial number.Exiting install script."
Solution. This message occurs when you enter an incorrect Key. Makesure you enter the correct value.
s Problem. After you enter the six-letter Key, the following message
app ears as d ifferent d irectories are installed:
etc/brand: invalid serial number and/or key.** Verify serial number and key values. **** Restart installation procedure. **** Please type carefully. **
Solution. This problem occurs because you d id not enter the correct
License S/N or Key. Make sure that you enter the correct values.
If you d id enter the License S/N an d Key correctly, the error can
occur because the stty erase CTRL-h command was not run
prop erly, wh ich causes certain keystrokes to be misinterp reted. (For
example, a p oun d sign (#) might be read as a backspace.) If you
susp ect this problem, rerun th e stty comm and before you continue.
(See Setting the Environment on page 5.)
You mu st rerun the installation script (Figure 1 on page 8), and
repeat all subsequen t steps. The installation m ight still fail. If the
installation still fails, reload the prod uct files from the m edia (step 1
on page 6) and repeat all subsequent steps.
s Problem. After you enter the six-letter Key, the following message
app ears as d ifferent d irectories are installed:Unknown message number 32766.
Solution. This problem occurs when INFORMIXDIR is not set beforeyou run the installation script. You m ust set INFORMIXDIR, rerun
the installation script (Figure 1 on page 8), and repeat all subsequ ent
steps.
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18 Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX
Access Problems After Installation
Access Problems After Installation
The problems in this category refer to access difficulties with Informix
products:
s Problem. You try to run an Informix product program from the
command line (or through an alternative method ), but you receive
only a system promp t or the following (or a similar) message:
program: Command not found.
Solution. Such a response ind icates that th e executable file could notbe foun d. This problem norm ally involves environm ent variables.
Most likely, either INFORMIXDIR is not set or PATH is set incorrectly.
Setting the Environment on page 5 discusses how to set these
environm ent variables. Verify tha t the environm ent va riables are set
properly.
If the INFORMIXDIR an d PATH environm ent variables are set
correctly, check wh ether an other file w ith the sam e nam e exists in the
path that w ould be accessed before the Informix executab le file. If
such a file exists, you mu st mov e, rename, or d elete it; alternatively,
you can reorder th e path to find the Informix executable file before
the other file.
This problem can also occur when th e TERM, TERMCAP (or
TERMINFO), and INFORMIXTERM environm ent variables are set
incorrectly. These environmen t var iables control termina l han dling.
The following table lists docum ents that describe these environment
variables.
Document Description
Informix Guide to SQL: Reference Describes the Informix environm ent
variables.
Machine Notes Lists computers that provide full
supp ort for the UN IX System V
terminfo library.
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/tctermcap Describes how to mod ify or create atctermcap file.
Archive and Backup Guide Provides more information abou ttctermcap and the ON-Archive menuinterface.
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Access Problems After Installation
To verify that these values are set correctly, invoke a text ed itor su ch
as vi . An u nformatted d isplay indicates that these environmentvariables are not set correctly for you r term inal.
For more information about environment variables, see theInformix
Guide to SQL: Reference.
s Problem. You try to invoke an Informix produ ct from the comm andline (or through an alternative method ), but you get the following (or
a similar) message:
Unknown message number 32766.
Solution. This problem generally occurs when INFORMIXDIR doesnot point to the correct directory or wh en the d irectory is misspelled.
Check w hat INFORMIXDIR is set to, and reset it to the correct
directory.
This problem also can occur w hen you use the DBLANG or
CLIENT_LOCALEenvironm ent variables, if either is not set correctly.
As with INFORMIXDIR, check your DBLANG or CLIENT_LOCALE
environm ent var iable, and reset it if necessary. For information on
DBLANG an d CLIENT_LOCALE environm ent var iables, refer to the
Informix Guide to GLS Functionality.
s Problem. You try to call an Informix prod uct from the command line(or through an alternative method ), bu t you get the following (or a
similar) m essage:
Invalid serial number or mistyped key.Please consult your installation instructions.
Solution. This message generally ind icates that the prod uct is notinstalled . Either th e installation script w as not run, or it failed. You
mu st rerun th e installation script (Figure 1 on page 8) and repeat all
subsequent steps.
Anoth er possibility is that the installed prod uct files were copied into
another directory that is in the PATH before $INFORMIXDIR/bin. Try
to p lace $INFORMIXDIR/bin first in th e PATH to d etermine if this isthe problem .
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Difficulties While Using Informix Products
s Problem.You try to send a comm and to an Informix product from the
command line (or through an alternative method ), but you receivethe following (or a similar) message:
cannot attach to shared memory
Solution. This problem occurs w hen you use the d atabase server andthe d atabase server is in off-line m ode or, possibly, qu iescent m ode.
You mu st bring the d atabase server to on-line mod e before you can
use th e database server. (Refer to the d iscussion of configur ing the
database server in your Administrators Guide.)
Difficult ies While Using Informix Products
The problems in th is category refer to difficulties that you might encounter
while you u se Informix prod ucts. These problems are not directly related to
installation, but they d o involve environment variables:
s Problem. You cannot connect to a local da tabase server from a toolthat is earlier than Version 6.0 because th e SQLEXEC environment
variable is not set to the Version 7.3 relay mod ule.
Solution. Set the SQLEXEC environm ent variable to the full path of theVersion 7.3 relay module, which is $INFORMIXDIR/lib/sqlrm.
In add ition, if the SQLRMDIR an d SQLRM environm ent variables are
set, they mu st be unset.
s Problem. You attemp t to list all databases, but the list of databases isincomplete.
Solution.Make sure the DBPATH environm ent variable contains thenam es of all other database servers not referenced by the
INFORMIXSERVER environment variable.
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Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX 21
Difficulties While Using Informix Products
s Problem.You access an Informix app lication, but the screen display is
unformatted.Solution. The following three environm ent variables control terminal
handling: TERM, TERMCAP (or TERMINFO), and INFORMIXTERM .
If these variables are set incorrectly, terminal d ifficulties can resu lt.
(Refer to the on-line m achine notes file for you r p rodu ct for a list of
comp uters that p rovide full supp ort for the UNIX System V terminfolibrary.)
INFORMIXTERM determines wh ether Informix produ cts access atermcap file or terminfo directory for screen han dling. By d efau lt,Informix produ cts look for a termcap file. If you w ish to access a file
in the terminfo directory, you m ust set INFORMIXTERM to terminfo .(For more information on h ow to set variables for screen han d ling,
see theInformix Guide to SQL: Reference.)
TERM specifies the nam e of the terminal you use, and TERMCAP
specifies where to look for the termcap file. The TERM entry mustcorrespond to an entry in the termcap file (or terminfo directory),an d TERMCAPmu st provide the correct p ath to the termcap file. (If
you use terminfo, you set the environm ent variable TERMINFOinstead ofTERMCAP. It is generally unnecessary to set TERMINFO
because most systems use a default path .)
If you w ant to m odify or create a tctermcap file, you can find instruc-
tions in the defau lt file $INFORMIXDIR/etc/tctermcap. For ad ditionalinformation about tctermcap and the ON -Archive m enu interface,see yourArchive and Backup Guide.
When TERM, TERMCAP (or TERMINFO), or INFORMIXTERM is set
to a nonexistent name or location, you migh t receive an error
message that iden tifies it as un know n. How ever, you do not receive
an error w hen you specify an existing bu t incorrect TERM name. You
can invoke a text editor (for example, vi ) to check if theseenvironm ent variables are set correctly. An unformatted d isplay
indicates that these environmen t variables are not set correctly for
your terminal, and you need to reset one or more of them.
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Difficulties While Using Informix Products
s Problem. You successfully install your Informix prod ucts and you
successfully invoke the database server, but you cannot connect tothe d atabase server.
Solution. Check for typograp hical errors and misspellings in yoursqlhosts, /etc/hosts , and /etc/services files. Errors and misspellingsmight also occur in you r environm ent var iables, especially
INFORMIXSERVER an d SQLEXEC. Also, you migh t think you set an
environm ent var iable to one value, when that va riable is actually set
to another value.If you u se a netw ork information system, make sure that the changes
you make to the services file are prop erly accessed or available to
your comp uter.
Watch for consistency, especially w hen you nam e file contents,
values, and param eters.
The da tabase server m ight also be configu red incorrectly. See the
d iscussion of configu ration information in you rAdministrators
Guide.
s Problem. If un usu al problems occur (for examp le, netw orkingproblems on Hewlett-Packard computers or unexplainable crashes
on Sun compu ters), your op erating system might need a patch.
Solution. Read the IDS_7.3 file in th e defau lt directory
$INFORMIXDIR/release/en_us/0333/IDS_7.3 for advice on patchinformation.
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Index
AAccounts for role separation 11
Ad ministrative roles, in role
separation 10
CCLIENT_LOCALE env ironm ent
variable 19
Comman ds, installation for m ost
Informix products 8
cpio command 6, 15
DDatabase server
installation script 8
order of installation for 2
DBLANG environment variable 19
DBPATH environment variable 20
Difficulties
accessing products 18
using products 20
Documentation notes 7
EEnvironmen t variables
CLIENT_LOCALE 19
DBLANG 19
DBPATH 20
INFORMIXSERVER 20
INFORMIXTERM 18, 21
INF_ROLE_SEP 12
se tt ing 5
SQLEXEC 20
SQLRM 20
SQLRMDIR 20
TERM 18, 21
TERMCAP 18, 21
TERMINFO 18
/ etc/ hosts file 22/ etc/ services fi le 22
FFailures
media-loading 15
product-installation 16
GGroup informix, creating 4
Group names, in role separation 11
Iinformix
directory 6, 10
user and group 4, 12, 21
Informix prod ucts, list of 1
INFORMIXDIR environm ent
variable
resetting 19
role-separation feature and 12
INFORMIXSERVER environment
variable 20
INFORMIXTERM en vironm ent
variable 18, 21
Index
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2 Installation Guide for Informix Dynamic Server on UNIX
INF_ROLE_SEP environ men t
variable 12Installation
order for Informix products 2
problems 14
KKey from keycard,
troubleshooting 16
LLoading, product source files 6
MMachine notes 7
OOn-line files
directory 7
documentation notes 7
machine notes 7
release notes 7
Ppasswd file 4
Products
grouping of 1
loading source files of 6
RRelay module 20
Release notes 7
Role separ ation
account names 11
administrative roles 10
environment variable 12
group names 11
installation script 12
root account 11
SScripts
database server installation 8
role-separation installation 12
Separate administrative roles
Aud it Analysis Officer (AAO) 10
database server administrator 10
Database System Security Officer
(DBSSO) 10
Serial number, setting 9Software serial-number key,
se tt ing 9
Source files 6
SQLEXEC environment va riable 20
sqlhosts file 22
SQLRM environment variable 20
SQLRMDIR environm ent
variable 20
st ty command 5, 17
Ttar command 6, 15
tctermcap file 21
TERM environment variable 18, 21
TERMCAP environment
variable 18, 21
termcap file 21TERMINFO environment
variable 18
Troubleshooting
common installation problems 14
key from keycard 16
UUser informix, creating 4