![Page 1: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN
![Page 2: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHAT WE TALKED ABOUT LAST WEEK
• West Africa: State and society
• Western Europe: State and society
• Today:
1) Continue on Europe
2) India and the Indian Ocean Basin
3) The Song Modernity in East Asia
![Page 3: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
(WESTERN) EUROPE
• Marginal and yet dynamic (thanks to contingent
factors and southernization)
![Page 4: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
UNIVERSITY:
CITY AND THE CHURCH
• Increasing urbanization led to demand for trained clergy
• Church promoted it as a way to expand clerical authority, ecclesiastical hierarch and Consolidate the “canon law”.
• Scholastic guild (or guilds)
![Page 5: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CATHEDRAL AND MONASTIC SCHOOLS
![Page 6: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
BOLOGNA UNIVERSITY
![Page 7: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
• A New Method of knowledge: Aristotle
1) Logic: Use of philosophy for the understanding of reality.
2) Philological Analysis: To study the words analytically.
• Medicine: Ibn-Sina or Avicenna
• Islamic philosophers.
• Translation of Greek texts (from Arabic): Aristotle’s texts.
![Page 9: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
AVERROES (1126-1198) NO CONFLICT BETWEEN FAITH AND REASON
![Page 10: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
PREMISE (PROTASIS) AND CONCLUSION
![Page 12: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
RISE OF SCHOLASTICISM
• Proto-Empirical Studies
• William of Ockham (1288 - c. 1348)
• Franciscan Friar
Parismony: motion is not a distinct thing but is only the moving object.
Nominalism: Abstracts do not exist, only product of human mind.
Also Conceptualism.
![Page 13: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
PLATO’S CAVE
![Page 14: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
•Who said this?
![Page 15: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• “Nature gives speech to human beings, and
speech is directed to human beings
communicating with one another regarding the
useful and harmful, the just and the unjust, the like.
Therefore, since nature does nothing in vain, human
beings by nature communicate with one another
about these things. But communication about these
things produces the household and the political
community. Therefore, human beings are by nature
domestic and political animals.”
![Page 16: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
THOMAS AQUINAS (1225-1274)
![Page 17: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
PRE-ENLIGHTENMENT RATIONALISM?
• Saw theology as a science.
• Faith and Reason: Humans have the rational
ability to know the divine without its help.
• Nature and action: a way of understanding
God
![Page 18: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
READ “POLITICAL COMMUNITY”
--Through reason, a distinct human function, we can
achieve virtue.
--State exists to protect the human good.
--Natural law: doing good and avoiding evil; all,
including rulers, should follow this.
![Page 19: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
FAMILY
• Rule over wife is political
• Kingly rule over children
• “For the household manager strives about human
beings more than the acquisition of inanimate
things… And he should strive for the virtue by which
human beings live well more than the virtue by
which one acquires and increases property well,
which is the meaning of the word wealth.” p 71.
![Page 20: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
RISE OF FAMILY
![Page 21: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
CITY AND LOVE
![Page 22: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
LOVE
![Page 29: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
“COURTLY LOVE”
• Love as a cultural construct.
• In late Medieval period love is gradually becoming
“civilized”.
• Aristocracy cultivates its emotions and sensitivity and
considers self-control as a privileged way to repress
sexuality and make love a pure act of “romance”.
• Erotic love as spiritual transcendence
![Page 31: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
CURSING AND THE BODY
![Page 35: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
SOCIAL DIMENSIONS
● Class: A way to distinguish Class:
Chivalrous expression.
● Society-Church: against ecclesiastical sexual attitudes,
which saw sex as procreation (heretical).
● Literary expressions
vernacularism: English, French, German, Italian
![Page 36: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
GEOFFREY CHAUCER
1343 – 1400
• Vernacular English
• Translated French
chivalric poems into Middle
English
• The Canterbury Tales
![Page 37: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
DANTE ALIGHIERI (1265-1321) & BEATRICE PORTINARI (1266-1290)
• La Vita Nuova
(1294)
La Commedia
(1321)
![Page 38: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
ROMEO & JULIET
![Page 39: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
VERONA
![Page 40: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
LOVE AND FAMILY IN ASIA
• Shakuntala, c. 400. romantic love
• Shirin and Khusru
Nizam Ghanjavi (1141–1209)
![Page 42: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
• Zho Daguan in Angkor (1297)
![Page 43: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
AXIAL AGE AND SOUTHERNIZATION
• A major transformation in human thinking (600-250
B.C.E.), laid the grounds for core cultural and religious
discourses and practices of classical societies: Greece,
Israel, Persia, India, and China.
• Buddha, Confucius and Socrates
(near-contemporaries).
• Jainism and Buddhism: emerged out of the religious
ferment of the Axial Age.
• So did Islam!
![Page 46: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
INDIA
CULTURE & RELIGION
2) Spread of Hinduism
(within India) and
Buddhism (east Asia)
3) Helped introduce Islam to southeast Asia.
4) Vast Zones of Communication: commerce and
interexchange between people around sea routes
and ports.
![Page 47: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
A COLLAGE
• Collage of microcultures, cultures that had their
own autonomy and yet intermingled with others.
![Page 48: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
OUR FOCUS
1)Politics
2)Economy
3)Culture and Religion
![Page 49: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
POST-GUPTA (320-550 C.E)
![Page 50: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
I.
INDIA’S POLITICAL STRUCTURE
• Unlike China, no centralized imperial power.
• North-South divide
• North: unstable
Rajputs (“kings sons”)
A Hindu warrior caste
Chivalry, courage culture
• South: stable, though highly
fragmented.
• dependent
on the sea
![Page 51: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
GUPTA ERA (C.A.320-550 C.E.)
• Last half of the fifth century C.E., Huns
conquered parts of northwestern India.
• Invasion of other Central Asian groups.
• Post-Gupta: Hindu states are fragmented.
![Page 52: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
RAJPUTS IN RAJASTHAN & SURASHTRA
![Page 53: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
VILLAGE AS A POLITICAL UNIT
![Page 54: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
FAMILY HOUSEHOLD AND CASTE
![Page 55: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
SATI
![Page 56: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
KERALA: SOUTHWESTERN INDIA
• Practiced Polyandry, a marriage of one woman to
several husbands.
![Page 57: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
CASTE AND POLITICAL
SOCIETY • Caste System: social stratification
system as social classes based on
hereditary groups (bloodline or kinship ties)
(Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas; Shudras…)
●Played a major economic role: division of labor, especially for foreigners and migrants (e.g.Turks and Muslims).
● established codes of conduct for behavior which helped people order their work and their relationships with others in the same or other classes.
● Subcasts (jati): worker’s guilds.
● Merchants and manufactures organized powerful guilds.
![Page 58: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
NORTHERN INDIA:
MUSLIM RULE
• Unstable because of the Turkish incursions.
Introduction of Islam to Northern India:
1) 711, Muslims conquered the Indus River Valley in northwestern India.
2) Migration of the Turkish-speaking
people.
1196 Muslim conquest of Nalanda
![Page 59: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
SULTANATE OF
DELHI
● Muhammad Ghazni
1001-1027
● By early 13th century
conquered most of the Hindu kingdoms
in the north.
• Sultanate of Delhi (1300 C.E.) 1206-1526.
• Not a centralized state.
![Page 60: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
SOUTHERN KINGDOMS:
HINDU STATES
• Chola Kingdom (850-1267) expanded because of sea trade, dominated South China Sea and Arabian Sea.
• Gave considerable autonomy
to local rulers.
● Traded with the Chinese.
● spread the cultic
aspects of the Hindu
religion
![Page 61: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
TEMPLE
GANGAIKONDA CHOLISVARAM
![Page 62: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
VIJAYANAGAR
(1336-1664)
• Deccan Plateau
• Harihara and Bukka: later converted to Hinduism and
promoted the religion as a unifying factor.
• Vijayanag“City of Victory”
• Centralized: Rajya (Provinces)
• Hampi:
Village; temple
![Page 64: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
II. ECONOMY
1) Agricultural production: with the increase in agricultural yields, people began to trade more and manufacture goods (rather than produce food).
2) Network of sea-lanes and port-cities:
a) Innovation in maritime technology
b) Trade brought water management systems for irrigation (in the south)
![Page 65: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
MANUFACTURING:
• cloths, textiles, pottery, leather goods, and jewelry
![Page 66: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
AGRICULTURE & IRRIGATION
• Southern India: arid land without rivers like the Indus or the
Ganges.
• Dams, reservoirs, canals, wells and tunnels.
• Reservoir: Artificial lakes (250 square miles).
• Therefore: Rise of agricultural
goods and population!!!
![Page 67: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
URBANIZATION
• By 1500 the subcontinent had a population of 105 million.
• Delhi
1) Internal Trade:
a) Rise of cities led to an increase in
b) trade: caravan and sea routes (coastal towns like Calicut and Quilon flourished).
2) Maritime trade:
![Page 68: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
OCEANIC TRADE
• Dhows and Junks
• Emporia:
![Page 69: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
HINDU TEMPLES
• Economic centers.
• Organized agricultural
activities.
● Provided schooling
● delivered tax receipts to
the Hindu rulers and did
other community activities.
![Page 70: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
III. CULTURE AND RELIGION: CROSS-
FERTILIZATION
• Era of Indianization (100-1200 C.E.):
-A process by which Indian ideas spread into and influenced
many Southeast Asian societies; hybrid cultures (indigenous
ideas with Indian ideas).
-Occurred around the time when Greco-Roman cultures and
Islam was spreading around the Mediterranean and
Mesopotamian regions.
![Page 72: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
CULTURE & RELIGION
● Decline of Buddhism and Jainism.
1196 Muslim forces conquered the city of Nalanda and
destroyed Buddhist libraries.
● Rise of Islam (throughout India and east Asia) and Hinduism
and/or devotional cults (within India)
![Page 73: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
ISLAM
• Appeal: egalitarianism & pragmatic (to improve their economic situation).
• Sufism (& Hinduism)
a) Mysticism: Divine as self.
b) Spiritual Authority: Pir and Guru
● Cross-fertilized sects
The Bhakti Movement: Southern India.
a) Cult of love and devotion.
b) Fused with Islamic values (as moved to the north)
c) Shiva, Vishnu and Allah were all manifestations of a single deity.
![Page 75: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
SIKHISM
![Page 76: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
SHI’I ISLAM
![Page 77: INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN - Eleanor Roosevelt … · india and the indian ocean basin . ... dante alighieri (1265-1321) & beatrice portinari (1266-1290) ... slide 1 author:](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052611/5c67771909d3f2034d8bf5b8/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
DEVOTIONAL CULTS
• Hindu Kingdoms
Polytheism
• Vishnu: god who entered the world
in human form to resist evil.
• Shiva: god of fertility and destruction.
• Other cults