In General• Usually unicellular• Reproduction: Some
asexual, some sexual, some both
• Kingdom for life that doesn’t fit in animals, plant or fungi kingdom
• Mostly aquatic life• 3 main categories
• AKA: Protozoans• Basic Features:
– Aquatic, unicellular– Heterotrophic: pathogens, parasites,
predators
• Classified by how they move:1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)– Engulf by phagocytosis– Ex: Amoebas
2) Flagellates: move w/ flagella– Ex: Zooflagellates
3) Ciliates: move w/ cilia– Ex: Paramecia
Animal-Like Protista
Amoeba (Pseudopod)
Flagellates Moving
Ciliates
Animal-Like Protista & Disease
• Malaria– Cause: Plasmodium– Vector: mosquitoes– Effects in humans:
Fever, vomiting, coma, death
Plasmodium injected by mosquito bite
Plasmodium develop inside your liver
Plasmodium reproduce inside your RBCs
Plasmodium reenters mosquito when bitten
Animal-Like Protista & Disease
• Malaria– Cause: Plasmodium– Vector: mosquitoes– Effects in humans:
Fever, vomiting, coma, death
• Sleeping sickness– Cause: Trypanosoma – Vector: tsetse flies– Effects in humans:
Coma & death
Trypanosoma injected by tsetse bite
Trypanosoma multiplies and bursts from cells
Trypanosoma reenters tsetse when bitten
Plantlike Protista• AKA: Algae• Most unicellular; No leaves,
stems, roots• Perform photosynthesis with
chloroplasts• Classified by their type of cell wall1) Euglenoids: use flagella to swim
– Animal & plant-like2) Dinoflagellates
– Most plankton – Basis of aquatic food chains
3) Diatoms– Glasslike shells– Provide ~ ½ the O2 on earth
Euglena
Fungus-like Protista• Basic Features:
– Decomposers: absorb nutrients
– Live in moist environments
• 2 major groups:1) Slime Molds
– large (~1 meter) single celled mass of cytoplasm
– Fungus-like (absorbs food)– Animal-like (can move)
2)Water molds: can be parasitic– Ex: Potato blight: caused Irish
potato famine (1840’s)
Cool Slime Mold Video
Protista: The Origins of Multicellular Life
• Some protista are…• 1) Single-celled
– Live by themselves• 2) Colonial
– Group of independent acting cells
– No specialized cells• 3) Multicellular
– Cells specialized to be specific jobs
• Importance: Ancestors of multicellular life
Unicellular EuglenaThis is a colony of cells called Volvox
Multicellular Kelp
Kingdom Protista
Animal-like
1.Pseudopods• Move with
false feet
2.Flagellates• Move with
flagella
3.Ciliates• Move with cilia
Plant-like
1.Diatoms• Glass-like
shells
2.Dinoflagellates• Plankton
3.Euglenoids• Move like
animals, autotrophs like plants
Fungus-like
1.Slime molds• Move like
animals, absorb food like fungi
2.Water molds• Often parasites• Responsible
for Irish Potato Famine
Kobe Kuiz• 1) Name the three categories of protista.• 2) Which category of protista has members that are able to
move?• 3) Which category of protista has members that absorb
nutrients?• 4) Which category of protista has members that are
heterotrophs?• 5) Which category of protista has members that hunt?• 6) How does a pseudopod, flagella, and cilia differ?• 7) Name the 3 major categories of protozoa.• 8) Name the 3 major categories of algae.• 9) Name the 2 major categories of fungus-like protista.