Improving Energy Efficiency of
Metro Stations
by Pramod Kumar Jha
Mechanical Engineering Manager
Rail Division
Our Rail business at a glance
• Among Middle East’s largest rail consultancies
• Involved in every metro project in the region
• Vast UK rail infrastructure experience
• 3,500 staff worldwide experienced in planning, designing, delivering, commissioning and operating railways
2
• What do we mean by “energy
efficiency”?
• How to measure it?
• How metro stations differ from
standard buildings?
• How can we improve energy
efficiency of metro stations?
• What are the tools for designing
energy efficient metro stations?
4
What is Energy Efficiency?
By definition it is “Using less energy to provide
the same services”
How do we measure energy efficiency?
• US Green Building Council’s LEED
(Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design)
rating
• UAE’s “Estidama” Pearl rating
• Global Sustainability Assessment System
(GSAS) Sustainability, Qatar rating
• BREEAM, UK rating
How do metro stations differ from
standard buildings?
• Metro stations are dynamic
buildings:
• Variable passengers flow
• Train movement
• Special systems
• Safety requirement
• Integration of many Services
• Compliance with international
standards
Improving Metro Station Energy
Efficiency
7
• Determine passenger profile
• Variable fresh air flow
• Selection of efficient lighting & control
• Occupancy sensors for travelator & escalators control
• Free cooling by fresh air during low ambient
temperature
• BIM 3D coordinated design
Selecting Right Passenger Profile for
Environment Control System
8
• Passenger flow based on data
from passenger modelling
• Peak passenger occupancy
time different from peak air
temperature
• CO2 control
• Variable fresh air flow rates by
motorised control dampers
• Maintain IAQ as per ASHRAE
62.1
Selection of Efficient Lighting Scheme/
Type of Fixture
• Use of natural light
• Low power LED lighting
• Occupancy Sensor
Lighting Control
• Dimming control
2 x 58 Watt Fixture
(121W System Wattage)
40 LED Fixture
(50 W System Wattage)
Occupancy sensor for travelator &
escalator control
• Occupancy sensor travelator
control
• Occupancy sensor escalator
control
Using Free Cooling by Fresh Air During
Low Ambient Temperature
• In normal operation fresh air 2 to
10%.
• 100% open mode lighting when
ambient temperature is low
100%
AHU
Concourse/
Platform
FAN
5%
10%
95%
90%
5%
Normal Mode
100%
AHU
Concourse/
Platform
FAN
100%
100%
100%
0%
0%
Open Mode
Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design
BIM:
• Building
• Information – a linked data base of all the components within the model
• Modelling – a graphical representation of all the
components in the model shown their correct location in
space
Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design
Design Optimisation
• Dynamic link between model and data/calculations enables a number of design options to be quickly compared
• Comparisons can include minimum energy usage, lowest
first cost, lowest embodied carbon etc
• Depending on project priorities final design can
incorporate a mix of optimised systems depending on
project priorities
Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design
14
Better Services Coordination (CSD)
Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design
Better Services Coordination (CSD)
Conclusion
• Metro stations are highly complex, energy intensive buildings
• Energy reduction strategies are an essential component of meeting sustainability requirements
• 15-25% improvement in operational efficiency
• Middle East can play key role in championing best practice
Improving Energy Efficiency of
Metro Stations
by Pramod Kumar Jha
Mechanical Engineering Manager
Rail Division