Download - IMPERIALISM IN JAPAN
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IMPERIALISM
IN JAPAN
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Essential Question:What was the impact of Western imperialism on Japan?
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Nationalism can be described as ___.
A. stronger nations taking over weaker nations
B. using logic and reason to solve problemsC. belief that superior races must “civilize”
inferior races D. desire of ethnic groups to have their own
countries
#1
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The economic systems of socialism and communism both share this belief:
A. free enterprise and desire for profits B. ”laissez faire” economics C. minimal government involvement in
business and the economyD. strive for equality in society
#2
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A SIMILARITY between the Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China is that
A. both started communist governments
B. both put a king in powerC. both opposed foreign colonizers D. both ended the rule of a dynasty
#3
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Which statement would a Social Darwinist most likely support?
A. “Stronger people have the right to rule over weaker people.”
B. “Public education should be given to everyone.”
C. “Equality in society makes a country stronger.”
D. “Freedom of speech is a basic human right.”
#4
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The discoveries of this missionary and explorer caused a great deal of European
interest in Africa.
A. Cecil Rhodes B. Leopold II C. Henry Stanley D. Dr. David Livingstone
#5
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Nationalism can be described as ___.
A. stronger nations taking over weaker nations
B. using logic and reason to solve problemsC. belief that superior races must “civilize”
inferior races D. desire of ethnic groups to have their own
countries
#1 ANSWER: D
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The economic systems of socialism and communism both share this belief:
A. free enterprise and desire for profits B. ”laissez faire” economics C. minimal government involvement in
business and the economyD. strive for equality in society
#2 ANSWER: D
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A SIMILARITY between the Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China is that
A. both started communist governments
B. both put a king in powerC. both opposed foreign colonizers D. both ended the rule of a dynasty
#3 ANSWER: C
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Which statement would a Social Darwinist most likely support?
A. “Stronger people have the right to rule over weaker people.”
B. “Public education should be given to everyone.”
C. “Equality in society makes a country stronger.”
D. “Freedom of speech is a basic human right.”
#4 ANSWER: A
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The discoveries of this missionary and explorer caused a great deal of European
interest in Africa.
A. Cecil Rhodes B. Leopold II C. Henry Stanley D. Dr. David Livingstone
#5 ANSWER: D
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Western imperialism
in Asia dramatically
changed Japan
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Title■ Text
Ancient Japan was a territory divided by clans that borrowed
ideas from China: Buddhism, emperors, writing, and architecture
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By the mid 11th century, Japanese feudalism began
Japan was ruled by regional landowners
called daimyoDaimyo were
served by loyal warriors called samurai
Emperor had little power
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From 1192 to 1867, Japan was ruled by military dictators called shoguns
From 1560 to 1600, three powerful
shoguns unified Japan
Oda Nobunaga Toyotomi HideyoshiTokugawa Ieyasu
Tokugawa Ieyasu unified Japan in 1600 and created a strong line of succession called the
Tokugawa Shogunate that ruled Japan until 1867
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European merchants and
missionaries first arrived in Japan in the mid-1500s
Japanese shoguns enjoyed trade with
Europeans and were fascinated by their
military and technologies
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But the rapid conversion of Japanese to Christianity worried Tokugawa, who banned Christianity in 1619
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To protect Japan from European influences, Tokugawa Shogunate
banned all foreign merchants and missionaries
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By 1639, Japan adopted a “closed country policy” and Japan entered an era
of isolation that lasted for 200 years
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Nagasaki Bay
Deshima
Dutch Ships
During this era of isolation, the Japanese allowed one port at Deshima in Nagasaki Bay to remain open but only to Dutch and Chinese merchants
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The Japanese did more than trade with the Dutch, they also learned from them
about new Western ideas
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These “Dutch studies” helped Japan learn about some of the new scientific and industrial technologies in Europe
Steam engine, 1845 Railroad, 1845
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These “Dutch studies” helped Japan learn about some of the new scientific and industrial technologies in Europe
Steamboat, 1845 Electric battery, 1840
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These “Dutch studies” helped Japan learn about some of the new scientific and industrial technologies in Europe
Microscope, 1787 Anatomy book, 1774
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From 1640 to 1853, Japan was isolated while the rest of Asia became
imperialized by Western powers
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In the early 1800s, Britain,
France, Russia, and USA tried to
negotiate trade rights in
Japan
The Japanese repeatedly refused Western trade
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Critical Thinking Decision #1:
The Arrival of Americans in
1853
In 1853, U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Tokyo
Harbor with four well-armed steamships; he demanded that
the Japanese trade with the USA
Japan’s Response:
C
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AMERICAN SHIPS and JAPANESE BOATS
“Hey, Japan. Trade with us… or else!”
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Japanese officials realized they were overmatched by U.S. naval ships
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When Matthew Perry
returned in 1854,
Japanese officials signed the Treaty of
Kanagawa which opened two ports to
American merchants
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After the United States opened the door to Japanese trade in 1854, other
Western powers entered Japan
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By 1860, England, France, the Dutch, Russia, and the USA all had
unequal trade treaties and extraterritorial rights in Japan
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■ Text Japanese
were angry that the
shogun had given in to foreigners’
demands and feared Japan
would become as
powerless as China
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In 1867, the Tokugawa
shogun stepped down, which
brought an end to 600 years of
military dictatorship
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Japan’s Response:
BCritical Thinking Decision #2:The Meiji Restoration
Emperor Mutsuhito took control of the government and took the title “Meiji”
(“enlightened ruler”)
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The Meiji emperor realized the best way
to end Western influence was to
modernize
Japan sent diplomats to Europe and America to
study Western ways and adapt them to their
own country
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Japan admired Germany’s government and used it as a model to create a new
constitution and parliament
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Japanese leaders eagerly supported industrialization and began building modern factories…
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…railroads, steamships, and steel bridges
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…railroads, steamships, and steel bridges
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…railroads, steamships, and steel bridges
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Japan built a modern military by modeling their army after the Germans
and their navy after the British
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Japan built a modern military by modeling their army after the Germans
and their navy after the British
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Japan built a modern military by modeling their army after the Germans
and their navy after the British
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TitleJapanese officials reformed education using models from German, America,
and French public schools
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Western fashions became popular in Japan
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Western fashions became popular in Japan
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Modernization in the Meiji era transformed Japan into the most
industrial and militarized nation in Asia
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By 1900, Japan had 7000 miles of railroad track, thousands of factories, profitable tea, silk,
shipbuilding industries, and a modern military
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End of the feudal system
LandRedistribution
Human Rights & ReligiousFreedom
Build aModern Navy
(Britain)
Public schools(Germany, USA,
& France)
Modernize the Army
(Germany)
EmperorWorship
Intensified
WrittenConstitution(Germany)
Modernbanking system Meiji
Reforms
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The Meiji reforms gave Japan power and respect; Japanese nationalism led to the end to Western extraterritorial rights and unequal trade treaties
Critical Thinking Decision #3:
Japanese reforms and industrialization
Japan’s Response:
D
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By the 1890s, Japan saw itself as a
modern nation that needed
raw materials Like other
industrialized nations, Japan
began to imperialize in
Asia
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Japan looked to take Korea,
but China always had a
claim to Korean land
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Japan’s dispute
with China over Korea resulted
in the Sino-Japanese War from 1894 to
1895
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Japan’s dispute with China over
Korea resulted
in the Sino-Japanese War from 1894 to
1895
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In a short time, Japan defeated the Chinese army and destroyed their navy
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In a short time, Japan defeated the Chinese army and destroyed their navy
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For their victory,
Japan gained Taiwan and
spheres of influence
in China
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Title■ Text
This woodblock print is an almost perfect example of how the Japanese (left) saw themselves as totally
different from the Chinese and fundamentally similar to the Westerners, seen here in the figures of Western
advisors (right) standing behind the Chinese
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After Japan’s victory over
China, a rivalry developed
between Japan and Russia
From 1904 to 1905, the
Russo-Japanese War began over control of Port
Arthur and Manchuria
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JAPAN HUMILIATES RUSSIA
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JAPAN HUMILIATES RUSSIA
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During the war, Japan
shocked the world by
defeating a Western power
“Japan and Russia… in the world’s eye”
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In 1905, U.S President
Teddy Roosevelt
helped draft the treaty
between Japan and the
defeated Russians that gave Korea to
Japan and removed
Russia from Manchuria
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TitleJapan’s victories over China and Russia transformed Japan into THE dominant force in Asia
Western nations relied on Japan to keep order in Asia
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Unfortunately, Japanese imperialism surged again in the 1930s and 1940s, which became a focal point of
World War II
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Closure Activity
Compare and contrast Chinese and Japanese reactions to imperialism: –How were each impacted by the arrival
of Europeans? –How did each respond to imperialism? –Why was Japan’s reaction to imperialism
more “successful” than China’s?
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Closure Activity