IBGE Second National Meeting of Producers and Users of Social Economical
and Territorial InformationRio de Janeiro, Brazil August 21, 2006
Presented by:
Scott M. MeisUNWTO Consultant
The Tourism Satellite Account:
The Canadian ExperienceDeveloping and Using the TSA
• History and rationale
• Canadian TSA vision
• Key steps
• Major Highlights & results
• Insights, uses and benefits
• Refinements & results
• Future developments
Outline
Canadian TSA: Beginnings
• French concept of tourism satellite accounts, 1979
• Canadian Task Force feasibility study, 1985
• Canadian TSA recommendation, 1989
• Ottawa Conference TSA guidelines, 1991
• WTO/UN Recommendations,1993
• Canadian TSA release, 1994
1979 - 1999History
ResultsResults
CTSA: Initial Prototype Results and Findings:
1988
• Tourism consumption $30.3 billion
• Tourism final demand $22.7 billion
• Tourism value added, $13.3 billion
• Share of total GDP - 2.5%
• Share of service exports 37%
• Share of total employment 5% - 467 000 persons
1994
Rationale : Information Deficiency Problem
Task Force Findings : Inadequate Tourism Data Resources
(NTFTD, 1986-89)
Task Force Findings : Inadequate Tourism Data Resources
(NTFTD, 1986-89)
• Lacked consistency• Lacked credibility• Lacked view of industry• Incomparability• Excessive duplication• Not summative• Availability & access unknown
Canadian TSA: User Application Requirements:
Task Force Conclusions(NTFTD, 1989)
Task Force Conclusions(NTFTD, 1989)
• New measurement approach required
• Overcome limitations of statistical
invisibility
• Proposed a tourism-specific satellite
account
• Sufficient data coverage and quality in
Canadian statistical system
• A CTSA appeared feasible!
Canadian TSA: User Application Requirements:
Decision requirements(NTFTD, 1986)
Decision requirements(NTFTD, 1986)
• Advocacy, planning and public awareness;
• Marketing;
• Investment, operations and management;• Manpower, education and training.
Tourism Satellite Account?
A conceptual framework linked to
the SNA
An account- a summary of
transactions-- not a model!
A disciplined information system
A “tool” for meeting users’ needs
CTSA Vision: A New Statistical Instrument
Tourism Satellite Account?
A “means” of:
Exposing hidden economic
phenomena
Imposing consistent classifications
and definitions
Aggregating measurements into a
summary overview
Showing cumulative significance of
all “players”
CTSA Vision: A New Statistical Instrument
Canadian TSA: Link to I/O
RationaleRationale
Canadian System of National AccountsInput/Output Tables
Tourism
Tourism SatelliteAccount
Tourism Monetary Values
Canadian TSA: Initial Vision
Multi-layered Vision
Multi-layered Vision
Core Account
Quantity Data
Characteristic Data
AnalyticalModules
RecreationSurveys
Canadian TourismSatellite Account
Survey of Household Spending
Canadian TravelSurvey
InternationalTravel Survey
Demand Surveys
Input Output System
Travel Arrangement
Services Survey
Food and Beverage
Survey
Accommodation Survey
Transportation Surveys
Supply Surveys
System ofNational Accounts
TSA Information System Vision
Gov’t. Support Planning & Analysis
CTSA: Key Step/Challenge - Organization
A Technical PartnershipA Technical Partnership
• Statistics Canada & Tourism Commission
• Objective independent statistics agency
• Industry champion, resources, uses
• Shared goals and objectives
• Interdependence
• Mutual respect & understanding
• Tourism trips
• Tourism expenditures
• Tourism commodities
• Tourism industries
• Tourism enterprises
• Tourism employment
• Tourism GDP
CTSA: Key Step/Challenge--Definitions
DefinitionsDefinitions
WTO and UN Ottawa definitions (1991): “the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for no more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes”.Includes:Day trips (excursions) plus “tourist trips” (1+ nights)Travel to visit friends & relatives;Travel for business;Travel for personal reason (religious & health).Excludes:Commuting to/from work;Study or job relocation;Diplomats or armed forces on assignment.
Definition of Tourism Activities
CTSA: Key Steps/Challenges-Definitions
Tourism Commodities*
CTSA: Major Steps/Challenges-Definitions
A product or service consumed directly by visitors and produced mostly for tourism, e.g., hotel room nights, tours on steam trains
Non-Tourism CommoditiesA product or service not specific to, or “characteristic” of, tourism, e.g., clothing such as t-shirts, suntan lotion, photo film, groceriesTotal Tourism Demand: $
54.1 Billion (2000)*
Any industry within the tourism sector that serves visitors directly and would cease to exist or whose level of activity would be substantially reduced without
tourism, e.g., hotels.
Total = 5 groups, 46 tourism Industries Total Supply: $ 111 Billion (2000)
Tourism Industries
CTSA: Major Steps/Challenges-Definitions
• Commodities expenditures VS industry revenues
• Tourism demand VS supply
by commodity
• Tourism inputs VS outputs
by
industry
• Gross outputs VS all inputs
• Interactive process
CTSA: Major Steps/Challenges--Reconciliation
Balance supply and demand
Balance supply and demand
Demand Surveys
Input Output System
Supply Surveys
System of National Accounts
Labour Force Survey
Other InformationSuch as
Manufacturing dataInternational Trade data
Tax information
Business informationSuch as
Profits, capital investment,revenues, expenses
Survey of Employment,
Payroll and Hours
All Other Areas ofSystem of
National Accounts
ReconciliationProcess
Canadian Tourism Satellite
Account
CTSA: Insights
View of Major Expenditure Flows View of Major Expenditure Flows
2000
% Change2000/19
98
Tourism Spending
$ 53.7 B +17%
Foreign Spending(Exports)
$17.8 B +15%
Canadian Spending
$ 35.3 B +18%
Canadian Spending Abroad (Imports)
$21.0 B +18%
Travel Account Deficit
$ 3.1 B 0.0
CTSA: Insights
View of commodity mixView of commodity mix
Accommodation15%
Transportation36%
Other non-tourism commodities
15%
Other tourism commodities
18%
Food & beverage
17%
$55.5 B (2004)
Most $ Go To Transport
Tourism Shares of Supply within SectorTourism Shares of Supply within Sector
CTSA: Insights
Travel agency services 97
Air passenger transport 96
Accommodation 90
Water transport 87
Accommodation meals 39
Recreation & Entertainment 29
Taxis 24
Food and beverage services 21
Commodity Class
Tourism share ( % )
Tourism GDP Shares Within SectorTourism GDP Shares Within Sector
CTSA: Insights
Air transportation24%
Other Industries19%
Other tourism services10%
Food & beverage23%
Accommodation
16%
Other transportation8%
•Tourism GDP: $ 20.4 Billion (2000)•Air transportation = most value added
Gross Domestic Product at Basic price, Tourism and Selected Industries in Canada, 2000
$-
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
Agriculture,forestry, fishing
and hunting
Mining,oil and gasextraction
Retail trade Health CareServices (exceptHospitals) And
Social Assistance
Hospitals Tourism Motor Vehiclemanufacturing
Mill
ion
s o
f cu
rren
t d
olla
rs
CTSA: Insights
CTSA: NTI Insights- Short Term Changes Pre 9/11
Total TourismDemand In
Canada( $ millions )
YearlyChange
( % )
YearlyChange (92$)( % )
Transportation 22,417 11.6 3.6
Accommodation 7,460 5.7 0.8
Food and beverage services 8,524 5.2 2.9
Other tourism commodities 5,432 7.1 2.9
Total tourism commodities 43,833 8.7 2.9
Total other commodities 10,243 4.6 4.5
Tourism expenditures 54,076 7.9 3.2Source: National Tourism indicators, Catalogue no. 13-009-XPB.
Total Tourism Spending in Canada by KeyCommodities – 2nd Quarter 2001
CTSA: Extensions- NTI 15 Year Series
CTSA: Extensions- Gov’t Revenues Module
$12.40$8.90
$1.60
Federal Provincial Municipal
TOTAL = $15.4 Billion (1999) * Adjusted = $30 /$100
Industry Distribution of TourismBusinesses
Industry Distribution of TourismBusinesses
CTSA: Enterprise Module--Insights
Food and beverage service: 57 Recreation and entertainment:
19
Accommodation: 12
Transportation: 6Travel services: 5
Other
( % )
CTSA Benefits: Non-traditional Partnerships
CTSA: Future Agenda
• TSA Handbook
• Update industry/commodity sets• Data gaps – second homes• Investment & capital• Environmental Performance
Indicators
Future Research Development Options
Future Research Development Options
Conclusions
• Met user requirements
• Definition of industry
• Credible industry measures
• Comparability with total economy
• New comparability with other
industries
• Still discovering other benefits
CONCLUSIONS
Thank you for your attention!