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Hysteria 2: Freud, Free Associationand Psychoanalysis
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Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
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Berggasse 19, Vienna (May 1938)
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Joseph Breuer (1842-1925)
STUDIES ON HYSTERIA1895
Breuer and Freud
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Anna O./ Bertha Pappenheim (1859-1936)
“TALKING CURE” or
“CHIMNEY SWEEPING”
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Cathartic Method or Abreaction
• An original response to a traumatic event is suppressed, and the affect or emotion is not expressed
• The original affect then expresses itself in bodily symptoms, a process called hysterical conversion
• Cure consists of verbally reviewing the event, and releasing the original affect.
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Carl Jung (1875-1961)
“Psychological Complex”
Uncovered with the use of association tests
with patients
Collaborated with Freud 1906-1912
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Freud’s couch – for use of“free association” technique
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Freud and his Couch
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Active Repression: patient was motivated to actively repress traumatic information from consciousness.
Content of repressed material was often sexual.
Freud’s formulated the Seduction Theory in 1890s and then rejected it.
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Freud’s Structural Model of the Mind, 1923
• ID: locus of fantasies, desire, unconscious
• EGO: emerged from Id, but had adapted to society
• EGO-IDEAL (Super-ego): source of repression, moral conscience
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Manifest Content of Dream—its story-line, a conscious process
DREAM CENSOR—lets some information out, represses, disguises other information
Latent Content of Dream—dream thoughts, unconscious, often unacceptable wishes
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Traumdeutung, Interpretation of Dreams (1900)
• Condensation: dream concentrates or compresses a number of different ideas into one; a composite picture.
• Displacement: transformation of dream thoughts into more acceptable thoughts in order to conceal unconscious meaning.
• Representation: all material gathered into a single situation in the dream.
• Symbolization: a certain set of symbols exist in unconscious, and become part of the dream.
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International Psychoanalytic Congress, Weimar 1911
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Freud’s Inner Circle (1922)