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IGARSS 2011, Jul. 26, Vancouver 1
Improving Land Surface Energy and Water Fluxes Simulation over the Tibetan Plateau with Using a Land
Data Assimilation System
Hui Lu (Tsinghua University)Toshio Koike, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Katsunori Tamagawa
(The University of Tokyo)Kun Yang, Xin Li (Chinese Academy of Science)
Xiangde Xu (Chinese Meteorological Admistration)
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Contents
• Background and Objective• Land Data Assimilation System• Application Region and Data
– Simulation domain and ground sites– Used Data
• Results– Surface soil moisture– Land surface energy fluxes
• Remarks
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Background and objective• Tibetan Plateau is important in the progress of the
Asian summer monsoon – land surface processes – direct Orographic and thermal effects
• Land-atmosphere interaction in T-P is the key to– improve the understanding of Asian monsoon – improve the accuracy of numerical weather prediction in
east Asia – mitigate weather disaster in this region
• Objectives of this research– To identify the potential of LDAS to improve the modeling
of land surface fluxes.– To generate reliable regional distribution of soil moisture
and energy fluxes
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Land Data Assimilation System• Why LDAS
– Shortage of model• Maybe biased, can not correct errors from forcing, parameter setting
and model physics – Shortage of satellite remote sensing
• Limited information, both temporal and spatial
• Structure of LDAS: three parts of a variational system – Dynamic model: Land surface scheme :
• SiB2– TB observation:
• RTM: Advanced Integral Equation Method (AIEM)– Optimization scheme:
• Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE)
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LSM
lEH τP
↓lR ↓
sR
Radiation transferin canopy
Interception
↑↑sl RR
Roff
Base flow
Infiltrate and Diffuse
Transpira-tion
vqTU lEH τ
P↓lR ↓
sR
Radiation transferin canopy
Interception
↑↑sl RR
Roff
Base flow
Infiltrate and Diffuse
Transpira-tion
vqTU
Minimization schemeF(Tbobs-Tbsim)
Tg, Tc, Mv
Tbsim
Mv
Vegetation layer
Surface
Surface radiation Vegetation emission
RTM
Tbobs
MicrowaveTMI/AMSR/AMSR-E
(6.9/10.6 and 18.7 GHz)
SiB2/New SiB
DMRT-AIEM
Shuffled Complex Evolution
Optimization + Assimilation LDAS
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Introduction of LDAS-UT: Input and Output
LDAS-UT
Meteorological ForcingMeteorological Forcing: Wind, Temp., Humidity, Pressure, Precipitation, Radiation
In situ observation, Satellite Products,
model outputs,
Default Parameters:Default Parameters:Land Cover Type,
Soil Type,……
ISLSCP
Output Status Output Status VariablesVariables:
Energy fluxesSoil Moisture profile
Soil Temp. profileCanopy Temperature
……
Semi-dynamic Vegetation informationSemi-dynamic Vegetation information:
MODIS, LAI VWCMODIS, NDVI Vegetation
Fractional coverage:
Observation:Observation:Microwave TBMicrowave TB
TMI/AMSR/AMSR-E
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Application Region
• Domain:– Lat: 25-40N– Lon: 70-105E
• Simulated Period – May. - Sep., 2008
• Two local sites– West: Gaize– East: Naqu
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Used Data
• In situ observation– Soil moisture at two sites– AWS observation– Energy fluxes derived from AWS observation by Bowen Ratio
• Reanalysis data from NCEP– Meteorological forcing for region simulation– Biases in radiation and precipitation, but not corrected for regional
application.
• Satellite remote sensing data– Soil moisture retrieval from AMSR-E (JAXA)– Brightness temperature from AMSR-E
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ResultsSoil Moisture
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
5/ 1 5/ 31 6/ 30 7/ 30 8/ 29 9/ 28
Sur
face
soi
l moi
stur
e(%)
Obs AMSR LDAS NCEP
Result: Soil moisture at Gaize
0.44226.1325.28NCEP
0.6016.13-3.01AMSR-E
0.3618.462.74LDAS
RRMSEMBE
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
5/ 1 5/ 31 6/ 30 7/ 30 8/ 29 9/ 28
Acc
umul
ated
pre
cipi
tatio
n (m
m)
Obs NCEP
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
5- 1 5- 31 6- 30 7- 30 8- 29 9- 28
Sur
face
Soi
l Moi
stur
e (%
)
Ob s AMSR LDAS NCEP
Result: Soil moisture at Naqu
0.41712.1510.02NCEP
0.56221.2510.16AMSR-E
0.8533.88-0.17LDAS
RRMSEMBE
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
5/ 1 5/ 31 6/ 30 7/ 30 8/ 29 9/ 28
Acc
umul
ated
pre
cipi
tatio
n (m
m)
Obs NCEP
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Result: Energy flux:Bowen Ratio
Clean wet/dry division is showed by LDAS result, while NCEP failed to represent such a feature.
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Result: energy fluxes at GaizeMonthly Averaged Diurnal Cycle of lE at Gaize
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
La
tent
Hea
t
Obs LDAS NCEP
May Jun Jul Aug Sep
0.94977.19-15.09G0
0.87831.0512.88lE
0.87954.2143.38Hs
RRMSEMBE
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Result: energy fluxes at NaquMonthly Averaged Diurnal Cycle of lE at Naqu
-100
0
100
200
300
400
Late
nt H
eat
[W/m
/m]
NCEP Obs LDAS
May Jun Jul Aug Sep
0.96768.853.72G0
0.97535.146.93lE
0.93442.3635.64Hs
RRMSEMBE
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Result: Dynamic variation
Cyclonic brings moisture from the Bay of Bengal to the SE of T-P, and brings dry air mass from Taklamagan desert
LDAS-UT is able to provide more realistic land surface status for research in other principles
LDAS-UT NCEP
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Remark
• Land-atmosphere interaction in T-P is very important for Asian monsoon development.
• Combining MW remote sensing and LSM, LDAS could improve the land surface fluxes simulation.
• LDAS produce more realistic land surface status, which is in good agreement with monsoon development.
• Feeding LDAS fluxes into atmosphere model is expected
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Acknowledgments
• The data is get from “Japan-China JICA project”. Colleges contribute to this project are:– UT: T. Koike, K. Tamagawa, H. Tutsui, L.
Wang– Tsukuba U.: K. Ueno– ITP: K. Yang, Y.M. Mao– CAREERI: X. Li, Z.Y. Hu, W.Q. Ma, M.S.Li– CAMS: X.D. Xu, H. Peng
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Thank you for your attention!