Download - How to Build Solar Farm
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Solar Solutions and
Large PV Power Plants
Oscar Araujo
Business Development Director -Americas
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Schneider Electric 2- Renewable Energy Oscar Araujo
Solar Business of Schneider Electric
The Solar Business of Schneider Electric is focused on designing anddeveloping renewable energy products and solutions and providing
best-in-class, global customer services and technical support.
Our innovative products help you to get the most efficient solar harvest
from your installation, and you benefit from having a single supplier for
all of your components. Our products and solutions are present at everylink in the energy chain and contribute to your total energy savings.
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Schneider Electric 3- Renewable Energy Oscar Araujo
Brief history
Antoine Becquerel first described the photovoltaic effect in
1839, and Albert Einstein explained the mechanisms in
1912
When a material is exposed to sunlight, exposed atoms
release electrons The free Electrons create a continuous low voltage
In the 1950s teams of Bell Laboratories manufactured the
first crystalline silicon cell
First commercial applications with space programs
A real interest born from the second oil shock (early 1980)
for terrestrial energetic applications
In 1963 the first cells are installed in Japan
Today, photovoltaic cells are present in various applications
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Schneider Electric 4- Renewable Energy Oscar Araujo
Solar Farms(few megawatt)
General public
applications(few watts)
Installation in the
residential
(1 to 5 kW)
Some examples of applications
Installations in
buildings(few 100 kW)
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A cell
Current generation
A photovoltaic cell is made from a
slice of silicon70 mm
The electrons will recombine withholes through the external circuit to
balance the junction :
A direct electrical current
is generated
The silicon is doped with impurities.
This creates an area with excess
electrons (N zone) and a deficit ofelectrons or holes (P zone)
The energy of photons from the sun
will release electrons
-Pdopedzone
Ndopedzone
300 m
+ ++
--+-
+
-
Photons
+-
A slice of silicon
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The main manufacturing technologies
Mono crystalline silicon cells ( M-Si )
Higher efficiency Quite high manufacturing costs
Poly crystalline silicon cells ( P-Si )
Widely used
Cheaper than mono crystalline
Thin film or amorphous silicon cells ( a-Si ) Lower efficiency but better than crystalline on diffuse radiation
Cheaper than polycrystalline
Suitable to large building projects , roof or cladding systems
Flexible and lightweight
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Energy production A pho tovol ta ic generator pro duces
DC
Junction box
Inverter
Protection enclosure
Raccordement
au rseau
Photovoltac
generator
Energy conversion
An inverter converts direct currentinto alternating current .
The connection and protection of
continuous and alternative circuits
Junction boxes DC and AC protection enclosures
=
Structure of a photovoltaic system
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Off Grid and
Solar Back-up
Power Systems
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Residential Grid-Tie Systems
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Small Commercial Grid-Tie Systems
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Utility Scale
Grid-Tie Systems
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Schneider position and offer: leader in
offering the lowest LCOE possible
production
O&M costs investment
Financingcosts
taxes
Increase
O&M efficiency
Offer high level of
Equipment reliability
Decrease
Construction price
Life time
High level of Bankability
By Reduction of risks
Reduction of
Construction time
Decrease
O&M costs
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90%
95%
100%
105%
110%
115%
120%
125%
130%
135%
140%
145%
150%
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Price (100% for 24 MW)
MW
The Bigger The Better
Below 10 MW, CAPEX is strongly increased
CAPEX as a function of size
As an example, cost of electricity is increased by 15% if the power plantsize is 5 MW instead of 50 MW
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How is a Solar Farm Built ?
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Civil work :
Land leveled if needed,
Screws or piles are positioned to
support structures
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Structures :
Aluminum or steel construction
Pre-assembled or easy to put
together on-site
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Modules :
Crystalline or thin-film
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Array boxes :
Connect strings
Cables are usually trenched
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PVBox for Powerconversion
Includes
InvertersTransformers
MV protection
Cooling equipment
Typical Size: 1MW
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Large power plants are made of 1MW
(or larger) blocks
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Grid-Tie SubstationIncludes
transformers
Circuit breakersenergy meters
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Large power plants are just
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Large power plants are just
" Copy-and-Paste " of smaller blocks
Olmedilla, Spain,
60 MW
1MW (or larger blocks) 20 000m
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Schneider Electric offers a
comprehensive solution
7 % - Engineering &
Commissioning
15 % - Cables &
Electrical installation
27 % - Schneider Electric
equipment
36 % - Screws, structures
& panel mounting
15 % - Civil works
50 % - Civil work
Structures
Electrical Equipment
50 % - Panels
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SE Business Models
Products/Equipment
Inverters
Transformers
Switchgears
Solution Package:
PV Box
Grid Box
Array BoxMonitoring/SCADA
Electrical EPC
Adequate packages +
Project Management
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Installation
Security system
Operations and Maintenance Services
Commitment on availability level
1
2
3
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S h id El i R bl E O A j