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Hort 713 Innovative techniques Innovations new or latest things
Dr. C.M. Ayyub
Hort 713Innovative techniques Innovations new or latest things
SeedIn past importedNow hybridClean, graded, viabilityPacking, treatedCost highSeed sowing drill, planterManual, mechenicanizedBefore this seed gradingCleaningTreatmentManual machines now available
Land preparationNew implements introduced as compared to oldTraditional plough/ planter etc.Layout : ridger/ machine madeInterculture/ cultivationCrops wise tools/ medicine designed Bar harrow likeWeed controlOld tillage, burning, rotation, seed cleaningNew- Herbicides/ weedicidesSelective- now selectiveSystemetic contactPowder liquid , grannualesCost increased Labour increasedSide effectsDose- under/overSprayPowerful designed these daysCaaliberationIf rain- repeateDose- under/over- resistantProper chemicalProper techniqueTime of spray
Cost/ labour involvedPreventive measuresSide effectsResidual effectsPollination Nursery raisingOld, bed, broadcasted, flatNow livingTrays plug seedlingPlastic bagsCane shading netPrali etc.FYM etc.IrrigationWinter irrigation, plastic new, smokeSeedling/ translantingsPlanter drill inlivesBedBridgeOld -mannalNow -Transplanter (mechanized)Before thatIrrigation New- foliarDrip
JudgementSymptoms oldTensiometric nowFertilizer applicationOrganic old manual broadcastInorganic new- lives- machines- sensor are usedWith drip fertigation FermentFoliar applicationSticks/ slow releasing
Band applicationType single type ureaNow compound NPKJudgement Old judgement Equipments analysisMicro nutrients commercially available these days+ growth regulators
Growth promoters Applied for better growth Retardant inhibitorsSpecially in tunnelsSupportTraining et.Cotton sticks/ plant branches spread in field to train/ growth plants/ vegs ( kardi etc.)Now tieing in tunnels doriNetsIndividual stackingTrellises systemJustice (iron) wire, pegs are usedMulch natural- tillageNaturalorganic matterNow- paperPlastic black different colorsArtificial gravels etc. Wood shavingsMedia soil + FYMNow proper compost local availableImported material sterilized pH moistureComposting old on ground-pitNow add fertilizers M. Organisms Use plastic etc.Different materials used Packing -Size, packing material differentPesticides / insecticides old- rotationThen chemicalsNow organicBiologicalResistant varitiesTraps etc.
Forcing
Early, late plantng, smoke, irrigation Now vaes, Tunnel , low, walk-in, highHybridsChemical- to save plants against cold Nets to save in summer
HarvestingOld manual sickle, knife ? toolNow machines / combine harvester diggerThreshing old- beating animal/ human walkingThresher / machinesGrading / sorting manual Now graderWashing old-simple individuallyLarge scale trays/ pots /bagsmachines in factory
Packingsimple now -nylon- plastic bagBoxes card plasticTins etc. Transportation Old- cart loadsNow trolleys, vehicles-CA/ MA typeFor international ship by air
Storage common storageNow cold, CA, MA typeUse of chemicals in storeMarketing traditional ship-by airTagging / bar codeMaterial attraction cost pH life- warrantee / guarantee