Health On Earth Made In Space – Vision to Reality
Yair Glick, Ph.D.
December 11th, 2018
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Democratization of space
Military communication
Satellite phones, special broadcasts
TV
cellular phones internet
Surveillance Weather
Agriculture Google Earth
Air and marine navigation
navigation
Civilian measurements
localized advertisement
Waze
Human missions Man on the moon Space physiology
Space 4.0: life science in microgravity
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Pioneer studies by superpowers
Short experiments, few missions
Breakthrough in Capabilities and capacity, high costs
Manufacturing in orbit
Automated systems, drop in costs, miniaturization.
Why μg?
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Research in Space and under Microgravity Conditions
• Gravity affects every chemical and biological process: • Natural convection • Sedimentation • Shear forces
• Gravity-induced effects are the only factors that cannot be eliminated in experiments on Earth
• Research in MicroGravity is applicable for • Better understanding mechanism of processes • Obtaining results and products unavailable on Earth • Gaining knowledge for future space travelling
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Why space is “the right space” for crystallization
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Space (left) vs Ground (right)-grown Canavilin protein Crystals McPherson & DeLucas, nature partner journals microgravity, 2015
• Crystallization physics
• Minimize convection currents
• Reduce molecular diffusion rates
• Still suspensions, no collisions with walls or other crystals
• Crystal effects
• Larger
• Higher order
• More pure
• More uniform suspensions
• Unique polymorphs
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SpacePharma is experienced and actively engaged in μg research
Parabolic Flights (sub-orbital) Oct. 2016, June 2018
The International Space Station (ISS) Nov. 2017, Nov. 2018, April 2019
First ever free orbiting nanosatellite for μg research
Feb. 2017 Orbital A8 Launch, Nov. 11, 2017
Cygnus docking to the ISS Nov. 14 2017
• ~ 380 minutes of satellite communication per week
• 4 Experiments completed • Over 17,000 microscope
captures • Over 1,000 spectrometer
measurements
• Facilitates study of both high (1.8g) and low gravity (0g)
• Provides successful technology validation for in-development systems
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Parabolic flight – June 2018 Ground Flight (5 hours after landing)
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OA-8 Mission to the International Space Station (Nov. 2018) Comparison between Earth-sample (left) and microgravity sample (right)
Okay, but we want to study advanced science... Disease modelling
Pharmaceutical Microbiology • Bacteria virulence and vaccines
development • Antibiotic resistance • Biofilm
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Microgravity can be leveraged to: • Develop models for use in pre-clinical drug
development • Study the effects µg on human physiology • Create novel compounds/materials in
absence of gravity • Study natural phenomena relevant to the
optimization of industrial processes
• Aging-related diseases - Accelerated models
• Dermatology -Skin aging • Neuro-degenerative diseases • Immunology • Cancer:
• Tumor model • Multicellular cell culture • CAR-T cell therapy
• Drug discovery • Vaccines • Monoclonal antibodies • Special dosage forms for
small-molecule drugs
Mission Requirements
1. Control Environment • Sterile, 5% CO2, 37°C, 1 ATM
2. Execute Experiment • Fluid handling
3. Collect Data • Microscopy • Spectrometry
4. Facilitate Communication • Provide monitoring of:
• Environment system parameters • Experiment progress
Sample Transfer
10 cm x 10 cm x 30cm
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SpacePharma Advanced (SPAd) lab
Specifications:
• 32 distinct liquid channels Handing System
• Four (up to eight) flow reactors
• Up to 40X visible and fluorescence microscopy
• Active temperature control
Reagent Refrigerator
Pumps LOC devices
Microscope & Camera System
Service Unit On Board Computer
Cutting Edge Products: SPAD
SpacePharma Advanced Lab (SPAd) Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC)
•Local site of all experiments conducted within the SPAD •Up to 8 chips per SPAD •Customizable design • Maximum 10 Inlets/Outlets •25x15 mm imaging window
• Enables remote controlled microgravity experiments from anywhere with internet connectivity
• More than watching your experiment in real time
• Make decisions and adapt the experiment while on orbit
Scientist Front End Software (SFE)
+ SFE + LOC
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One Case Study for example : NG-10 Mission Overview: Study Human Muscle Cells in Orbit
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• Sustain replicate cultures of human cells via periodic media refreshment
• Facilitate experiment monitoring on orbit via microscopy
• Preserve samples for return to Earth and comparison to 1g controls
Tissue Chip Development
Young
Athletic
Donors
Milli-fluidic Culture Chip Human
Muscle Cells
System Integration
SpacePharma Advanced Lab
Custom Milli-fluidic Culture Chips + SPAD
Data Acquisition and Analysis
Transcriptomics
Morphological Observation
Lead PI: Dr. Siobhan Malany
ECM
Substrate
2x Chips
Compare 1G and Microgravity Samples Integrate Biology and Hardware Validate Culture Chip Development
Chip culture enables the
growth, differentiation, and
fusion of muscle cells (10x magnification)
Successful Biological Integration
Culture Chip Loaded into SPAD
Culture Chip
Cell Seeding in
Culture Chip
Cell Adhesion @ 4 hours Cell Growth @ 24 hours
Successful Hardware Integration
NG-10 Integration Team Chip Integration in SPAD Chip Integration in SPAD Fill SPAD: Cells & Reagents
SPAD Handover to Client Pre-flight Vacuum Test Handover to Merlin Team SPAD loaded in Cygnus
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SPAD-ISS, NEXUS II Launch, Nov. 2018
Nov. 17, 2018
SPAd in the International Space Station
Will be back next month…
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What next?
Name Partners # of
experiments
Launch date (est.)
Launcher mission SP
System Implementation
partner
DIDO2 IPE 4 17.2.2017 PSLV PSLV47 SPMG2 ISIS
NEXUS1 TEVA 4 11.11.2017 Anteras OA-8 SPMG2 STaARS
NEXUS2 Sanford
Burnham 8 17.11.2018 Anteras NG-10 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango
NEXUS3 UPEN\CHOP 32 17.4.2019 Anteras NG11 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango
DIDO3 ISA-ASI 4 1.6.2019 VEGA VEGA SPMG2 ISIS
NEXUS4 Florida Hosp.
32 1.8.2020 Falcon 9 SpX21 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango
NEXUS5 UPEN\CHOP 32 1.11.2020 Falcon 9 SpX22 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango
NEXUS6 Florida Hosp.
32 1.1.2022 Falcon 9 SpX25 SPAd-ISS SpaceTango
Accomplished Next Mission Reserved
Thank you for your attention !