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Health & Safety
Jo Russell RDN Cert PM Cert Ed MIfL LCGI
Oracle – Practice Business Solutions Ltd
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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To appreciate and apply health and safety law as it applies to us in dentistry
Learning outcomes
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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Be aware of the laws and main principles of Health & Safety
Be able to confidently carry out risk assessments including COSHH
Apply fire and electricity at work regs Discuss L8 for legionella and waterlines
Objectives
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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On the 21 October 1966, 144 people, 116 of them children, were killed when a tip of coal waste slid onto the village of Aberfan in South Wales.
Encompassed all the other acts such as Railways & Premises Act – aimed at people
Act is passed by Parliament
Legislation comes under an Act – also law
Regulations are secondary legislation to enforce an act e.g. by-laws
Protocols and Guidance Notes are best practice
Health & Safety at Work etc Act 1974
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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The Health & Safety Policy
The Policy Statement – looks at all areas covered by the main policy but in a general form
Sets out names, responsibility and references of where to find detail
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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Definitions
What does ‘Health’ mean?
The protection of bodies and minds from illness resulting from materials, processes or procedures in the workplace.
What does ‘Safety’ mean?
The protection of people from physical injury.
What does ‘Welfare’ mean?
The provision of facilities to maintain well-being of individuals at work.
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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Laws
What Acts/Laws/Regulations cover the place of work and influence the work we carry out?
In your groups, think of as many as you can in 5 minutes
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions Ltd 2012
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Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations1995 (RIDDOR)
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 1999 (COSHH)
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
Fire Precautions (workplace) Regulations1997
Health and Safety (first aid) Regulations 1981
Nursing Homes (Laser) Regulations 1984
Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992
Misuse of Drugs (safe custody) Regulations 1973
Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (pregnancy and working mothers, risk
assessment, Young people)
Pressure Equipment Regulations 1999/Pressure Systems safety Regulations 2000
Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations1992
Ionising Radiation Regulations 1999 IR(ME)R 2000
Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996
Workplace (Health and Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 Welfare arrangements included here.
Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992.
Environmental Protection Act 1990/Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations 1991
Water Supply (Water Fittings Regulations) 1999
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Management of Health & Safety Regulations
Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations
Manual Handling
Workplace Health, Safety & Welfare Regulations
Personal Protective Equipment
Display Screen Equipment
The ‘Six Pack’
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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What is the definition of a risk assessment?
Significant hazard causing significant harm
What is a hazard?
Something with the potential to cause harm
What is a risk?
The likelihood it will happen
How do we decide if it is significant?
Risk Assessments
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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A simple formula of:
severity v likelihood
Severity – how bad would the outcome be at worst case scenario?
Likelihood – how likely is this to happen?
Mark each one out of 5 and then times them together
This formula will give you Low, Medium or High risk
1 - 9 = Low Risk
10 - 17 = Medium Risk
18 – 25 = High Risk – work should stop until controls are put in place
How to assess the level of risk
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Can you spot the hazards here…
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Et le piece de resistance
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Step 1 Identify the hazards
Step 2 Decide who might be harmed and how
Step 3 Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions
Step 4 Record your findings and implement them
Step 5 Review your assessment and update if necessary
5 Steps to Risk Assessment
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Risk Assessment For Serial Number: Date assessment carried out Review date for assessment List significant hazard here Level
of risk List the groups of people who are at risk from the significant hazards you have identified
List existing controls or if new control measures are necessary. Include remedial action needed
New level of risk
Risk assessment is significant risk posing significant harm. So is calculated as likelihood x level of harm posed. Scored 1 (not likely) to 5 (very likely) x 1 (minimal harm) to 5 (significant/serious injury)
Signed: Name:
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions Ltd 2012
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In your groups:
Think of a scenario
Look at the risks
Who does it involve?
How do we minimise the risk?
Now record your findings
That is a risk assessment
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What does COSHH cover?
Do we have to COSHH everything?
COSHH
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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COSHH Substances Acid etch Alginate Amalgam Bleach Biological aerosol Bond Disinfectants Ethyl chloride Fix adhesive Hydrogen peroxide Latex Xray developer and fixer
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COSHH Assessment Number 1
COSHH Assessment Form
About the substance Name of substance
Hazardous ingredient
What is it used for
Who uses it/exposed to it
How often is it used
How should it be stored
How should it be disposed of
Nature of the Risk Chemical Flammable Poisonous Biological Carcinogen
Health Effects What will happen if exposed Eyes
Skin
Inhalation
Ingestion
First aid measures Eyes
Skin
Inhalation
Ingestion
Control measures Eyewear Gloves Facemask
Other
Ventilation General Local
Health monitoring
Staff Training
Emergency Action
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Fire Regulations
Complete a fire risk assessment
Fire safety and evacuation policy
Regular fire drills – and recorded
Fire protocols by all telephones
Maintained fire fighting equipment
Fire safety notices
Use as best practice
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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Accident Reporting
What is RIDDOR?
What should be recorded in the accident book?
What should happen after an entry in the accident book?
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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Electrical Testing
What needs testing?
How often should it be done?
What about new equipment?
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Ionising Radiation
Local Rules on each x-
ray machine
RPS & RPA appointed
Dosemeters as required
QA for radiographs
taken
QA for automatic developer
Equipment tested and maintained
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Legionnaires’ Disease
Approved code of practice and
guidance
L8 © Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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Legionnaires’ Disease
First identified in 1976 following pneumonia outbreak at an American Legion Convention in Philadelphia
Normally contracted by inhaling Legionella Bacteria in aerosol form
No person to person spread has been documented
Treated with appropriate antibiotics
12% fatalities
Favours temperatures of 20-40°C
Biofilm feeds the bacteria
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Your duty?
Under the HASWA you need to identify the risks and under the management regs you need to assess the risks
COSHH provides a framework of actions to control the risks
If you have >5 employees you need to write it down
RIDDOR to report it (CQC)
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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How do I know if I’m at risk?
Cooling towers are an obvious answer
Air conditioning units
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How to assess the risk
You want to avoid the proliferation or spread of the legionella bacteria by:
Controlling the release of water spray
Checking the temperatures of the taps
Avoid water stagnation
Use of water treatment
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Checks we need to carry out
Monitoring & recording the temperatures monthly –
Below 20°C after 2 minutes
Above 50°C after 1 minute all recorded
Microbiological monitoring?
Section 183 of L8 states (para) “Routine microbiological monitoring using dip slides is not necessary as water is fit to drink. Also the system is fully enclosed and not open to external contamination.”
Section 184 states “microbiological testing should be carried out if taste or colour of water changes”
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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How do we look after our waterlines?
In your groups discuss how you look after your units and waterlines – what routines do you follow?
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Waste Management
What 2 different types of waste do we have?
Hazardous
Sharps – yellow lid
Orange bag
Amalgam waste
Developer and fixer
Non hazardous
Lead foils
Domestic waste
Sanitary bins
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Documentation needed
Contracts
Consignment notes
Tracks movement s and safe disposal of hazardous waste
Kept in a register for 3 years
Waste transfer notes
Legal responsibility for describing the waste is that of the practice
Kept for 2 years
© Jo Russell Oracle – Practice Business Solutions
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Any Questions?
Think of at least one thing you have learned today
Think of at least one thing you will go away
and change in your practice