Download - HBM,Neuro, Post
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8:30-8:55 Psychosomatic Medicine
8:55-9:00 Break
9:00-9:50 Pain
9:50-10:00 Break10:00-10:25 Behavioral Neuroanatomy
10:25-10:30 Break
10:30-10:55 Cultural Diversity
Afternoon Blackboard Video Exercise #3
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Behavioral Neuroanatomy
Anna DePold Hohler, MDAssistant Professor of Neurology
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Learning Objectives
Match the regions/divisions of the cerebralcortex to their major functions
Identify the four structural components ofthe basal ganglia
Discuss the hemispheric specialization in
terms of function
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http://02a53ed.netsolhost.com/eyedocksblog/neuroplasticity-teaching-
an-old-brain-new-tricks
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Frontal Lobes Four Major Subdivisions:
Motor strip
Supplemental Motor Area
Brocas area- language function, dominanthemisphere (left for most right handed
people) Prefrontal Cortex
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Prefrontal cortex
The story of Phineas Gage.
Orbitofrontal cortex is involved in controlover biological drives
If damaged it can result in inappropriate
behavior, poor judgment, and lack ofremorse
Involved in reward circuit and activatedin drug addicts
Dorsolateral convexity is involved inplanning for future action
If damaged it can cause decreasedmotivation, attention and mooddisturbances
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Frontal Lobes Medial cortex is involved in control of
movement
If damaged it can result in apathy, decreasedspontaneous movement, and walkingproblems with incontinence
Schizophrenia and obsessive compulsivedisorders are both associated with decreasedbilateral prefrontal cortical activity asmeasured by functional MRI and PET.
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Frontal Lobes Decreased activity in the left prefrontal
regions can result in depression, activation
of this region can result in a positive mood Decreased activity in the right prefrontal
regions can manifest with elevated mood,
and activation in this region can result instress.
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Temporal Lobes Help with memory, learning, emotion and
auditory processing
Damage can result in impaired memory,aggressive behavior, and inability tounderstand language (Wernickes aphasia
with a left sided lesion)
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http://www.themarketoracle.biz/Article2659.html
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Limbic Lobes Amygdala is involved in coordination of emotion
(anger and aggression) If damaged it can lead to Kluver Bucy syndrome
(decreased aggression, increased sexuality, andhyperorality), or a decreased conditioned fearresponse, or an inability to recognized facial and vocalexpressions of anger in others
Hippocampus is involved in memory storage If damaged it can lead to poor new learning
The volume of limbic structures like the amygdala andthe hippocampus are reduced in patients withschizophrenia.
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http://www.sofiatopia.org/equiaeon/henotheism.htm
Papez Circuit
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Parietal Lobes The parietal lobes are responsible for
sensation and body image
Damage to the parietal lobes can lead toimpaired intelligence, impaired possessing ofvisual information
Gerstmanns syndrome can result from a leftparietal lobe lesion and produce fingeragnosia, alexia, agraphia, right left confusion,and acalculia.
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http://www.dwp.gov.uk/publications/specialist-guides/medical-conditions/a-
z-of-medical-conditions/stroke/specific-nps-stroke.shtml
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Divisions of the brain and their
function: Occipital Lobes Responsible for vision and visual
processing
If the occipital lobes are damaged visualhallucinations, illusions or blindness canresult.
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The basal ganglia Receive information from the
cerebral cortex and project it to thefrontal lobes via the thalamus. Striatum (caudate nucleus and the
putamen)
Pallidum (globus pallidus)
Substantia nigra
Subthalamic nucleus
Translate the desire to executemovement into actual movements.
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The basal ganglia
Parkinsons symptoms can be produced byoveractivity of the striatum or damage to thesubstantia nigra
Huntingtons disease can be produced byunderactivity of the striatum and shrinkage ofthe caudate nucleus
Tourettes syndrome is associated with damageto the caudate
Hemiballismus or flailing movements can becaused by damage to the subthalamic nucleus
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Hemispheric specialization
The right hemisphere is involved in spatialrelations, body image, recognition of faces andmusic, puzzle solving, map reading, and musicaland artistic abilities.
The left hemisphere is involved in language(speech, writing, reading). The left hemisphereis dominant in right handed and most lefthanded individuals.
The connection between the hemisphere is thecorpus callosum and the commissures.
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Summary of Learning Objectives
Match the regions/divisions of the cerebralcortex to their major functions
Identify the four structural components ofthe basal ganglia
Discuss the hemispheric specialization in
terms of function
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Questions
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8:30-8:55 Psychosomatic Medicine
8:55-9:00 Break
9:00-9:50 Pain
9:50-10:00 Break10:00-10:25 Behavioral Neuroanatomy
10:25-10:30 Break
10:30-10:55 Cultural Diversity
Afternoon Blackboard Video Exercise #3