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page 1
Hand Phone Users Survey 2007
From the Chairman
Introduction
Main ndings
Tables
Glossary
3
4
6
19
27
CONTENTS
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FROM THE CHAIRMAN
Malaysians are avid texters. This has proven true over the years thatshort messaging services (SMS) or multimedia messaging services(MMS) have been introduced. A steady increase of hand phone users
who send an average of 5 or more SMS or MMS a day was noted over the period2004 to 2007. In fact a solid 50.4 % of hand phone users sent more than 5 SMSor MMS per day.
This is among some of the interesting ndings of the SKMM Hand Phone UsersSurvey 2007; the fourth in the Hand Phone Users Survey series and the sixthin the Statistical Briefs Series published by the Malaysian Communications andMultimedia Commission (SKMM).
This report presents the main ndings of the Hand Phone Users Survey (HPUS)2007. It brings together the ndings of the HPUS 2006 and HPUS 2005 carriedout by SKMM that illustrates the relationship between hand phones and theirowners.
Response rates to surveys done by the SKMM have been encouraging and theHPUS 2007 is no exception, garnering a response rate of 79.8 percent. I wouldlike to thank respondents who answered our calls and agreed to be interviewedby our Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) operators for the survey.Without their cooperation, this report would not have been possible.
I would like to commend the Research and Planning Division of SKMM on anothersuccessful survey and invite suggestions from readers to make this series ofpublication even more useful.
Datuk Dr. Halim ShaeChairmanMalaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission
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nationality gender ethnicity age usual state of residence urban/rural distribution income
payment plan number of active hand phone subscriptions SMS usage unsolicited SMS received per week Internet access through the hand phone awareness of mobile number portability, (MNP)
awareness of International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) international roaming
as well as other hand phone user trends and usage.
In 2007, these included:
Target Population
The target population was all main users of hand phones on all digital platformsin the states and territories making up Malaysia. These were the main users ofthe 012, 013, 014, 016, 017 and 019 networks. Both postpaid and prepaid userswere covered.
INTRODUCTION
The Hand Phone Users Survey 2007 is the fourth of an annual survey on handphone users conducted by the Malaysian Communications and MultimediaCommission (SKMM). The main objective of this survey is to estimate proportionsof the hand phone users that fall into the various classes of the categorizationschemes of the key variables.
Proper use of these estimated proportions, in conjunction with populationestimates, can yield the various hand phone user penetration rates.
The survey probed the demographics and socioeconomics of the hand phoneuser such as:
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Reference date and geographical coverage of the survey
The reference date of the survey was set at 31 March 2007. The survey wascanvassed using a Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) solution andoperated out of SKMMs CATI Centre located at the SKMM Central Regional Ofce,Shah Alam. The canvassing period extended from 9 June to 12 July 2007.
No statistical unit and no segment of the target population were excluded on thegrounds of geographical inaccessibility or service non-coverage or on any othergrounds.
Response Rate
Response rate to the survey was 79.8%.
Methodology
The sample size was 4,925 units ( = 0.01 and d = 0.02) drawing from the workon sample sizes from multinomial populations by Chakravarty.
There was only one stage of sample selection as the survey adopted a simplerandom sample (SRS) approach. Meaningful stratication was not possible
because no suitable variable for stratication was available.
As at 31 March 2007, there were 20,808,797 hand phone subscriptions on the6 digital networks operating in the country. The survey also determined thatas high as 18.3% of hand phone users had the same main user and this wasnetted out to transfer the estimates from the survey, to a user rather thansubscription basis.
Method of administering the instrument
The questionnaire was administered byCATI. Trained interviewers called up mainusers of selected hand phone numbers toseek their cooperation. Answers given toprecoded questions were clicked in whileopen ended answers were typed in.
Calls were made from 2.00 pm to 9.00pm on weekdays and 10.00 am to 6.00pm on weekends and public holidays.
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MAIN FINDINGS
Core Variables
Core Variables of the Hand Phone Users survey are the variables that arecanvassed every round so as to enable the monitoring of key indicators in mobiletelephony.
The ndings in respect of these variables are presented below. However,percentages may not add up to 100 percent because of rounding.
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by nationality
The survey found that 90.3 percent of hand phone users are Malaysians while9.7 percent of hand phone users are non Malaysians.
Percentage
Percentage
Nationality
Gender
2005
93.7
6.3
2005
57.4
42.6
Malaysian
Non - Malaysian
Male
Female
2006
92.5
7.5
2006
58.3
41.7
2007
90.3
9.7
2007
56.4
43.6
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by gender
Survey results show that males contribute to 56.4 percent of the total handphone subscribers while females contribute 43.6 percent. The gure for male isslightly lower compared to the years 2006 and 2005. On the contrary, the gurefor females has shown an increase in percentage compared to 2006 and 2005.
The Malaysian population is made up of 51 percent male and 49 percentfemale.
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Percentage
Percentage
Age category
Ethnicity
2005
13.1
78.2
8.7
2005
53.9
6.5
32.4
6.3
0.9
Pre-teens & teens (up to 19)
Adults (20-49)
Seniors (50+)
Malay
Bumiputra(Sabah/Sarawak)and Orang Asli
Chinese
Indian
Others
2006
20.5
66.8
12.6
2006
57.3
6.7
28.9
6.2
0.9
2007
20.9
66.8
12.3
2007
61.1
5.8
25.8
6.6
0.7
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by ethnicity
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by broad age categories
Adults (users aged between 20 and 49 years as at last birthday) continue to bethe highest group of users with 66.8 percent followed by pre-teens and teens(users aged up to 19 years old) with 20.9 percent. Seniors (aged 50 years andabove) account for only 12.3 percent.
The upward trend for the pre-teens and teens continues, although slowing downin 2007. It was 13.1 percent in 2005, 20.5 in 2006 and 20.9 in 2007. In morespecic age groups, the 20 24 year olds has the highest share of the userbase, accounting for some 19.9 percent of it.
Among Malaysian users, Malays continue to be the largest group of usersaccounting for 61.1 percent followed by Chinese at 25.8 percent. Indians,Bumiputra Sabah & Sarawak and Orang Asli account for 6.6 percent and 5.8percent respectively. The remaining 0.7 percent are other ethnic groups.
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70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0Malay Bumiputra
Sabah/Sarawak& Orang Asli
Chinese Indian Others
200520062007
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by state
Selangor continues as the state with the highest number of hand phone usersat 22.1 percent followed by Johor (13.5 percent), Federal Territory of KualaLumpur (8.6 percent) and Perak (7.8 percent).
Among other states, Sabah (including Federal Territory of Labuan), Penang,Kedah, and Sarawak have between 6 and 7 percent of hand phone users, whilePahang, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu and Melaka have between 4and 5 percent users.Perlis has the smallest number of users with only 0.8 percent.
22.1% 13.5% 8.6% 7.8%
Selangor Johor W.P. Kuala Lumpur Perak
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PercentageState
200513.7
5.9
3.7
3.0
3.9
4.5
7.4
7.3
0.8
24.7
2.9
6.4
5.9
9.7
Johor
Kedah
Kelantan
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan
Pahang
Penang
Perak
Perlis
Selangor
Terengganu
Sabah
Sarawak
F.T. Kuala Lumpur
200613.0
6.6
4.6
3.7
4.3
4.8
6.4
7.7
0.9
21.7
3.8
6.4
7.1
8.6
200713.5
6.6
4.2
3.7
4.2
5.1
6.5
7.8
0.8
22.1
3.7
7.1
6.1
8.6
The graph below shows the consistent pattern that emerges in each surveyconducted from 2005 to 2007.
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Joho
r
Keda
h
Kelan
tan
Melak
a
Nege
riSe
mbilan
Paha
ng
Pena
ng
Perak
Perlis
Sela
ngor
Tereng
ganu
Saba
h
Sarawak
W.P.Ku
alaLum
pur
2005
2006
2007
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Percentage distribution of hand phone users by urban rural sector
PercentageSector
2005
81.9
18.1
Urban
Rural
2006
80.5
19.5
2007
78.0
22.0
Over the period 2004 to 2006, the urban-rural gap has narrowed down asshown in the table above. The denition of urban follows that of Census 2000conducted by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Census 2000 ndings had
shown that 62 percent of the population live in urban areas while the remainingpopulation in the rurals.
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by income category
Among hand phone users, 29.9 percent had incomes of RM1,000 and below,30.8 percent had incomes between RM1,000 RM3,000, while 5.3 percentreported monthly incomes ranging from RM3,000 RM5,000. Only 3 percenthad incomes in excess of RM5,000.
The remaining 31 percent consisting of retirees, housewives, students andunemployed persons had no income.
No Income
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Percentage
Percentage
Payment plan
SMS/MMSsent per day
2005
19.6
80.4
2005
15.1
7.6
8.1
9.2
3.0
7.4
41.8
2004
25.9
9.1
9.7
10.8
5.6
7.2
31.7
Postpaid
Prepaid
0
1
2
3
4
5
More than 5
2006
15.9
84.1
2006
16.4
7.5
9.9
9.0
4.7
6.4
46.1
2007
16.1
83.9
2007
18.8
4.1
6.5
5.9
1.7
12.7
50.4
User Trends And Experiences
This section of the survey probes into current trends and issues in the use ofhand phone and the experiences of hand phone users.
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by payment plan
In 2007, prepaid users outnumbered postpaid ones, 84 to 16 for every hundred.This ratio closely reects observations made in preceding years.
SMS Usage
In Q1 2007, the number of SMSes and MMSes sent, stoodat 11,724 million (Communications & Multimedia Selected
Facts and Figure, Q1 2007). This represents a growth of 57percent over Q1 2006. The upsurge in SMS usage is reectedin the survey ndings. The percentage of hand phone userssending out more than ve SMS/MMS in a day on averagestood at 50.4 percent.
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Unsolicited SMS
In total, 51.3 percent of users received unsolicited SMSes. 6.4 percent of usersreceived more than 10 such SMSes in a week, while 44.9 percent of themreceived anything from one to 10 per week.
Internet access using hand phones
Only 13.7 percent of users accessed the Internet through their hand phones.This is a drop of 4.7 percentage points from year 2006 gure.
Among those who accessed the Internet on their mobiles, 84.4 percent usedGPRS while 16.5 percent used 3G, 12.1 percent used WAP and 1.5 percent usedEDGE.
PercentageUnsolicited SMS per week
0
Up to 10
10 to 20
20 to 30
More than 30
48.7
44.9
4.7
0.9
0.8
PercentageUse of hand phoneto access internet
Yes
No
2006
18.4
81.6
2007
13.7
86.3
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Awareness on Mobile Number Portability
In the past three months preceding reference date, as many as 28.1 percent ofhand phone users changed their service provider.
However, only 12.6 percent of hand phone users were aware of Mobile NumberPortability (MNP).
PercentageChanged service provider
Yes
No
28.1
71.9
0.6%
Not Aware, 87.4%
Aware, 12.6%
1.5% 12.1%
16.5%
84.4%
GPRS 3G WAP EDGE Others & Dont know
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51.6 percent of hand phone subscribers will consider porting if charges are madelower by 10 percent and an additional 9.5 percent will consider if charges are
lower by 15 percent, a further 18.4 percent of hand phone users will considerporting if charges are lower by 25 percent.
60.5 percent agreed that RM10 is a fair charge per port and 37.4 percent saidthat a ve working day period to change the service provider is reasonable whileothers want it to be faster.
PercentageLower charges by
10%
15%
25%
51.6
61.1
79.5
Percentage
Percentage
RM10 per port
Awareness of mobilebanking services
Yes
No
Yes
No
60.5
39.5
33.5
66.5
Mobile banking
Only 33.5 percent of hand phone users were aware of mobile banking. Only 7percent of those who are aware have registered for the services.
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PercentageTypes of payment transactions
Purchase of goods and services from retailers
Payment for public transportation
Parking fee
Payment of bills
Remittance or person to person transfer
Purchase of mobile ring tone
Others
*17.2
*20.7
**3.4
72.4
*34.5
*34.5
**6.9
Of those who are aware but not registered, 18.0 percent were interested to signup while 82.0 percent were not interested.
Among those who are registered for mobile banking, 25.0 percent conductednancial banking transactions, 8.7 percent non-nancial and 6.5 percent bothnancial and non-nancial. The remaining 59.8 percent did not transact in thethree month preceding reference date.
Among nancial transactions, the most popular was payment of bills (72.4percent), followed by remittance or person to person transfers (34.5 percent)
and purchase of mobile ring tones, top-up and games (also 34.5 percent).
Not Registered, 93%
Registered, 7%
* see RSE tables
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Factors that will spur the interest of hand phone users to subscribe to mobilebanking services included more convenience (91.6 percent) followed by morebanking services (27.6 percent), greater security features (24.8 percent) andothers (3.2 percent).
PercentageFelt secure for
Payment of bills
Parking fee
Payment for public transportation
Remittance or person to person transfer
Purchase of mobile ring tone
Purchase of goods and services from retailers
Others
50.0
42.8
39.1
36.8
31.6
20.8
11.1
91.6
3.2
27.6
24.8
More banking services Greater security feature
More convenience Others
50 percent of the subscribers felt secure using mobile banking transaction forpayment of bills, 42.8 percent for paying parking fees, and 39.1 percent for
payment for public transportation. These and others are shown in the tablebelow.
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Comfort ceilings are as tabulated below.
Cumulative percentage ofthose registered
Comfort ceiling
Less than RM50
RM50
RM100
RM200
RM500
100.0
82.0
73.6
54.4
25.2
No Aware, 77%
Aware, 23%
Awareness of IMEI
Survey results show that 23.0 percent are aware about International MobileEquipment Identity (IMEI). The majority of hand phone users, 77.0 percent,do not know what IMEI is. 57.1 percent of all respondents said that RM10 is afair price to pay for registration of IMEI while the rest were of the opinion thatit was too expensive.
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International roaming
10.4 percent of users travel overseas during the three months preceding 31March 2007 and of those, 55.6 percent made use of international roamingservices to make calls/SMS/MMS while overseas.
Did not traveloverseas, 89.6%
Traveloverseas,
10.4%
PercentageUse of internationalroaming services
Yes
No
55.6
44.4
Among the international roaming users, 65.2 percent felt that the chargesimposed were too expensive, 29.1 percent felt that the charges were fair while5.7 percent claimed that the charges were cheap.
Expensive
Fair
Cheap
0
5.7
29.1
65.2
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
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TABLES
Caution is required in the use of the estimates tabulated below.
While SKMM takes every care to minimize non-sampling errors, which cannot bequantied, the estimates presented are also subjected to sampling error, whichis a measure of the chance variation that occurs because a sample, and not theentire population is canvassed. The sampling error of an estimate is usuallyexpressed as a percentage of that estimate to give the relative sampling error(RSE) of that estimate.
In general, estimates that are small are subjected to high RSEs. As a guide,only estimates with RSEs of 25 percent or less are considered reliable for general
use. Estimates with RSEs greater than 25 percent but less than or equal to 50percent are denoted with an asterisk in these tables and should be used withcaution while those with RSEs greater than 50 percent are denoted by twoasterisks and are considered too unreliable for general use. However theseestimates may be aggregated with others until an RSE of less than 25 percentis obtained.
Condence intervals for very small estimates should be based on the binomialdistribution rather than the normal approximation to the binomial. As analternative, the method of Korn and Graubard, 1998 may also be used.
Percentages may not add up to 100.0 percent because of rounding.
Table 1
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
Gender
Nationality
56.4
43.6
90.3
9.7
1.4
1.8
0.5
4.9
Male
Female
Malaysian
Non-Malaysian
Table 2
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Percent
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
RSE
Ethnicity
Age category
State
61.1
5.8
25.8
6.2
0.7
20.9
66.8
12.3
13.5
6.6
4.2
3.7
4.2
5.1
6.5
7.8
0.8
22.1
3.7
7.1
6.1
8.6
1.3
6.7
2.8
6.3
20.3
3.1
1.1
4.2
4.0
6.0
7.6
8.1
7.6
6.9
6.1
5.5
17.8
3.0
8.1
5.8
6.3
5.2
Malay
Bumiputra (Sabah/Sarawak) and Orang Asli
Chinese
Indian
Others
Pre-teens and teens
Adults
Seniors
Johor
Kedah
Kelantan
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan
Pahang
Penang
Perak
Perlis
Selangor
Terengganu
Sabah
Sarawak
F.T. Kuala Lumpur
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
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Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
Income
SMS/MMS sent per day
31.0
29.9
30.8
5.3
3.0
18.8
4.1
6.5
5.9
1.7
12.7
22.8
12.0
3.8
1.0
4.8
6.0
2.4
2.4
2.4
6.7
9.1
3.3
7.7
6.1
6.4
12.2
4.2
2.9
4.3
8.1
16.1
7.1
6.3
No income
RM5000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 10
11 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
50 and more
Table 6
Percent RSEPayment plan
15.9
84.1
3.6
0.7
Postpaid
Prepaid
Table 7
Table 8
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Percent RSEUse of hand phone to accessInternet
13.7
86.3
12.6
87.4
60.5
39.5
4.0
0.6
4.2
0.6
1.3
2.0
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Table 9
Table 11
Table 12
84.4
16.5
12.1
*1.5
**0.2
**0.4
1.9
9.7
11.6
35.1
99.9
70.6
GPRS
3G
WAP
EDGE
Others
Dont know
Table 10
Percent RSEMode of hand phone access toInternet
Awareness of MNP Percent RSE
Percent RSEAgreement to a 5 working day
period to port
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Percent*
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
RSE
Will consider switch on charges
Agreement to a charge of RM10per port
Changed service provider in pastthree months
51.6
9.5
18.4
37.4
62.6
28.1
71.9
2.0
6.3
4.3
2.1
1.2
5.4
0.5
10% lower
15% lower
25% lower
Yes
No
Yes
No
Table 15
Table 13
Table 14
Percent RSEAwareness of mobile bankingservices
33.5
66.5
2.2
1.1
Aware
Not aware
Table 16
* In the report, aggregated percentages were used for ease of understanding.
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Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
Types of banking transactions
Types of payment transactions
25.0
*8.7
*6.5
59.8
*17.2
*20.7
**3.4
72.4
*34.5
*34.5
**6.9
18.1
33.8
39.4
8.6
40.7
36.6
98.3
11.5
25.6
25.6
68.2
Financial
Non-nancial
Both
None
Purchase of goods and services from retailers
Payment for public transportation
Parking fee
Payment of bills
Remittance or person to person transfer
Purchase of mobile ring tone
Others
Table 18
Table 19
Percent RSERegistration with bank for mobilebanking
7.0
93.0
10.1
0.8
Registered
Not registered
Table 17
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Percent
Percent*
Percent
RSE
RSE
RSE
Factors that drive mobile banking
Comfort ceiling
Felt secure for
27.6
24.8
91.6
*3.2
18.0
8.4
19.2
29.2
25.5
*50.0
**42.8
39.1
36.8
31.6
*20.8
**11.1
10.2
11.0
1.9
34.8
13.5
20.9
13.0
9.9
10.9
46.4
22.1
27.7
32.9
36.4
40.7
54.7
More banking services offered on themobile
Greater security features
More convenience
Others
Less than RM50
RM50
RM100
RM200
RM500
Table 22
Table 23
Table 20
Percent RSEInterest in signing up for mobilebanking
18.0
82.0
6.1
1.3
Yes
No
Table 21
Payment of bills
Parking fee
Payment for public transportation
Remittance or person to person transfer
Purchase of mobile ring tone
Purchase of goods and services from retailers
Others
* In the report, aggregated percentages were used for ease of understanding.
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Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
Agreement to a registrationcharge of RM10 per phone
Opinion on roaming chargesincurred
57.142.9
65.2
29.1
*5.7
1.41.8
4.8
10.4
26.9
AgreeDisagree
Expensive
Fair
Cheap
Table 25
Table 28
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
Travel overseas
Used of international roamingservices
10.4
89.6
55.6
44.4
4.7
0.5
4.4
5.5
Yes
No
Yes
No
Table 26
Table 27
Percent RSEAwareness of IMEI23.0
77.0
2.9
0.8
Yes
No
Table 24
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GLOSSARY
TERM DESCRIPTIONS
The hand phone is seen as a personal, rather than a householdequipment. This is because hand phones are normally carried bytheir main users when they leave the house or ofce. When thehand phone rings at home, more often than not the person whoanswers it is the main user as calls received by that device areexpected to be for him.
(see also main user below)
The main user may or may not be the legal owner of the device.He may also not be the one who pays for the bills incurredas in the case of supplementary subscriptions and companysubscriptions.
The ethnicity of a child of mixed parentage is Malay if either parentis Malay, or recorded as reported, or takes the ethnicity of thefather if undecided.
Age referred to age as at last birthday.
Usual state of residence refers to the state where the respondenthas a home and has stayed continuously there for the past 6months. If he has stayed for less than 6 months but knowsbeyond reasonable doubt that he will be there for at least 6
months continuously, then he should be counted in that state.This is especially so in cases where the respondent has just beentransferred in, prior to the interview taking place. If a respondentknows that he will be moving to another state shortly but has notdone so yet at the time of the interview then he is not consideredas a resident of the state where he is moving to. This is especiallyso in cases where the respondent has a notice of transfer but hasnot moved yet.
Usual state of residence does not refer to the state where ancestralhomes or kampungs are located.
A service that allows customers the choice of switching from onemobile service provider to another while retaining their existing
telephone numbers.
A number unique to every GSM and UMTS mobile phone. It isusually found printed on the phone underneath the battery and canalso be found by dialing the sequence *#06# into the phone. TheIMEI number is used by the GSM network to identify valid devicesand can be used to stop a stolen phone from being used.
The hand phone
The main user
Ethnicity
Age
Usual state ofresidence
Mobile NumberPortability (MNP)
International MobileEquipment Identity(IMEI)
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The SKMM website contains more statistics pertaining to theCommunications and Multimedia industry. This is updated every quarterof the year.
The SKMM website is at www.skmm.gov.my
The SKMM publishes the following:1. Communications & Multimedia: Selected Facts & Figures
(ISSN: 1675-6223), a quarterly statistical bulletin of thecommunications and multimedia industry.
2. Postal & Courier Services: Selected Facts & Figures(ISSN: 1823-9919), a half yearly statistical bulletin of the postaland courier industry.
Please contact SKMM for more details or email [email protected]
The Statistical Brief series (ISSN:1823-2523) is issued by the SKMM todisseminate survey ndings and statistical updates. These briefs areaimed at the general to intermediate user audience.
Titles in this series so far:
Statistical Brief Number OneHand Phone Users Survey 2004
Statistical Brief Number TwoHousehold Use of Internet Survey 2005
Statistical Brief Number Three
Hand Phone Users Survey 2005Statistical Brief Number Four
Hand Phone Users Survey 2006
Statistical Brief Number FiveHousehold Use of Internet Survey 2006
Statistical Brief Number SixHand Phone Users Survey 2007 (this issue)
Koay Hock Eng
Azilawati Masri
Asharina AlwiDayang Aidah Awang PiutSiti Shadiah Zainol Abidin
For further information about these and related statistics, contact thefollowing ofcers:
Koay Hock Eng: +603 8688 [email protected]
Azilawati Masri: +603 8688 [email protected]
THE STATISTICS & KNOWLEDGE RESOURCE DEPARTMENT
WEBSITE
STATISTICALBULLETIN
STATISTICALBRIEF
DIRECTOR
STATISTICIANS
FOR MORE STATISTICS
CONTACTS
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