Download - Hand Tool Use and Selection Principles
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Hand Tool Use and SelectionPrinciples
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Overview: The hands and wrists are made up of a
variety of fragile bones, nerves, blood vessels, tendons and ligaments that can be easily damaged if they are misused.
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Overview:The following are some of the conditions that
can cause hand and wrist illnesses:• Frequent or repetitive movement of the hand or wrist,
usually associated with awkward wrist angulations • Inappropriate tool and equipment design • Vibrating knives and saws • Poor work station design and arrangement • Cold environments
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Neutral Wrist Maintain neutral (handshake) wrist position.
Straight wrist (Good)
Bent wrist (Bad)
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Neutral Wrist
Bad Bad GoodGood
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Reduce Flexion or Deviation of Wrist Design tasks and select tools to reduce
extreme flexion or deviation of the wrist
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Bend the tool, not the wrist Bent Handled Tool Examples
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Reduce Weight of Tools One way to reduce weight is to use an
articulating arm or counter-balance.
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Reduce Weight of Tools
http://www.globalspec.com/FeaturedProducts/Detail/Feather_Lite_Ergonomic_Tool_Balancing_System/26982/0?deframe=1
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Don’t Raise or Extend Elbows with Heavy Tools
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Avoid Stress on Soft Tissues Stress concentrations result from poorly
designed tools that exert pressure on the palms or fingers.
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Reduce Grip Force Requirements Optimum grip spans for pliers, scissors, or
tongs, measured from the fingers to the base of the thumb, range from 2.3 to 3.5 inches.
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Evaluate Gripping Surface A compressible or larger gripping surface may
reduce grip force requirements.
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Use Power Grip Design tasks so that a power rather than a
pinch grip can be used to grasp materials.– A pinch grip is five times more stressful than a
power grip.– The greater the effort to maintain control of a hand
tool, the higher the potential for injury.
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Avoid Repetitive Trigger-Finger Actions “Trigger-finger” happens when one of your
fingers or your thumb catches in a bent position. The finger or thumb may straighten with a snap.
It’s caused by the narrowing of the tendon sheath when repetitive gripping actions are performed.
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Avoid Repetitive Trigger-Finger Actions Tendons in the finger joints can swell due to
overuse, “locking” the finger into a fixed position.
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Avoid Repetitive Trigger-Finger Actions Select “triggers” that allow two or three fingers
to activate.
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Isolate Hands from Heat and Cold Heat and cold can cause loss of manual
dexterity and increased grip strength requirements.
Heat resistant glove made of Kevlar protects up to 1000°F
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Isolate Hands from Heat and Cold The choice of gloves has never been more
extensive, due to developments in glove materials that are less bulky but provide better protection.
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Isolate Hands from Vibration Excessive vibration can cause reduced blood
circulation and cause white-finger syndrome.
White-finger syndrome
Anti-vibration gloves
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Thank you for taking the time to learn about safety and health and how to prevent injuries and illnesses.