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Global System For Monitoring Earth Radiation Balance
Llian Breen, Aaron Buys, and John Vander WeideDr. Matthew K. Heun
Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI
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Outline
The ProblemProblem ContextProposed SolutionACR TheoryACR DesignProject Objectives
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Educational Context
Calvin College Senior Design Course
2004-05 Team
2003-04 Team
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The Problem
Accurate measurements of Earth’s radiation Weather Models Earth Radiation Balance Is the Earth Warming?
Global Average Temperature
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The Problem
Earth’s Radiation Balance
© NASA
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The Problem Context
Global Radiation Balance Concept Monitor radiation directly Reduce data uncertainty Stewardship measurement?
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Proposed Solution
Radiation Measurement
VS.
Satellite Scientific Balloon
ACR
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Proposed Solution
Radiation Measurement
VS.
Satellite Scientific Balloon
ACR
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Proposed Solution
Benefits of 35 km Radiation Measurement Increased time over target Full hemisphere data collection
ACR
Earth
Stratosphere35 km
ACR
Earth
Stratosphere35 km
ACRACRACR
Earth
Stratosphere35 km
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Proposed Solution
Benefits of 35 km Radiation Measurement Reduce sources of modeling uncertainty Less modeling of vegetation and albedo
Earth
Stratosphere
35 km
Satellite800 km in orbit
Actual Measurement
Modeled Data
Estimated Vegetation Radiative Reflections
Earth
Stratosphere
35 km
Satellite800 km in orbit
Actual Measurement
Modeled Data
Actual Measurement
Modeled Data
Estimated Vegetation Radiative Reflections
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Proposed Solution
Radiation Measurement Active Cavity Radiometer (ACR)
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ACR Theory
Active Cavity Radiometer Active control of cavity
temperature Variation of outgoing
radiation
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ACR Design
Rough Design Schematic
Design Issues Thermal
Management Cavity Geometry-
size, shape, aperture
Cavity Temperature Control
Cavity Calibration
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ACR Design- Mechanical Systems
Cavity geometry designThermal Management
Cavity temperature control Cavity temperature distribution
Weather balloon interface
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ACR Design- Electrical Systems
Power and heater systemFeedback system
PID – digital feedback Or PI – analog feedback
Digital conversion and storageTransmission to balloon and ground
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Continuing Project
2003-04 Initial Project Development Project Proposal Demonstration ACR Prototype
2004-05 Project Continuation Finalize ACR Prototype Design Demonstration of Concept Balloon Flight
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Initial Project Development
2003-04 ACR Development Thermal Model for cylindrical cavity design
Algor© Finite Element Model Numerical Model of Thermo-Electric System
Algor© Thermal Model EES© Numerical Model
220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 3000.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
Tscene [K]
Qh
eate
r [
W]
Theoretical Calibration Curve
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Initial Project Development
2003-04 ACR Development Implementation of PID temperature control Prototype ACR constructed
Cavity Aperture Cavity Side Profile
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Initial Project Development
2003-04 ACR Results Prototype Calibration A/D Conversion- resolution
Active Cavity Calibration Curve
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Temperature (C)
Po
wer
(W)
Active Cavity Calibration CurveExperimental Data
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Project Continuation
2004-05 ACR Objectives Thermal redesign of ACR cavity Electrical controls finalization Construct prototype ACR’s Interface mech/elect with weather balloon Demonstration of Concept balloon flight
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Project Objectives
2004-05 ACR Project Timeline
Prototype Modeling-
Design
End of 1st Semester
Prototype Construction-
Calibration
Interim
Fall NIAC Conference
End of 1st Semester
Balloon Flight
Jan-Feb
Data Analysis
Feb-March
Spring NIAC Conference
Mid-March
1st Semester Interim 2nd Semester
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Project Objectives
2004-05 ACR Progress Obtained agreement with Global Aerospace
to use radiosonde equipment for planned prototype balloon flight in March 2005.
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Questions?