Download - Gerencia Tecnología Aplicada
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Presented by: Gabdullin RivenerRS Oil Technologies / General Director
State of Art of Russian Drilling and Oil Production Technologies An Overview of their Applicability
at Venezuelan Oil Industry
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
RS oil Technologies is russian oil engineering company
The main fields of business of RS Oil Technologies are:
-drilling of any kind of wells
-any kind of workover
-enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
-cleaning up oil sludge pits
-reducing of viscosity of heavy oil
-gas utilisation and conversion
-well logging
-oil projects, feasibility study and training personnel
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Content
* Workover
* Drilling
* Heavy Oil Production
* Cleanup oil sludge pit
* Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
* Gas utilisation and conversion
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
RITIN is an composition of polymeric substances. While mixing RITIN with water, polymer-gel system with no aditional components is formed. Gel particles of 0.2-4 mm in size with high mobility and penetration ability in pores and fractures. Two ways of using gel:
- Synthesizing the gel in the formation
- Direct gel injection into the formationNo special equipment is required to prepare and inject polymer-gel system.
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
* Selectively affects non-homogeneus, high permeable water-cut formations
* Sharply reduces water fluidity
* Provides flattening of oil displacement front
While injecting polymer-gel system RITIN into the formation through injection well, it enables you:
• Improve the injectivity profile for the
formations
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
* Enhances reservoir water flooding coverage
* Decreases water-cut of produced oil
* Enhances oil output and increase ultimate oil recovery of formations
* Changes filtration flow of oil and water
* Create extra filtration resistance to injected water in washout zones of the formation
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
• Porous, porous-fractured and fractured reservoirs, with formation temperature of up to 120° C
Fields of technology application of polymer-gel system RITIN are:
• Tolerable water-cutting ratio of produced liquid in the areas of technology application, is up to 98%
• Mineralized of formation water is up to 1.2 g/cm3 ( 10 lpg)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Requirements for treatment by polymer-gel system RITIN:
* Fresh service or mineralised (1.0-1.02 g/cm3, or 8,34 - 8,5 lpg) setting vat water can be used to prepare polymer-gel system
* Injection rate through injection well: 10-15 m3 (60-90 bls) of polymer-gel system per 1 m (3 ft) of effective perforated part of formation
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
* Concentration of RITIN in water is 0.1-1.0% by mass, i.e. 1-10 kgs (2,2-22 lbs) of RITIN per 1 m3 (6 bls) of water
* Specific effectiveness amounts to 2000 and more tons of additional oil per 1 ton of injected polimer-gel system RITIN
* RITIN does not need batchers and mixers, salts of heavy metals and any chemicals.
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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Thuleilat oilfield in Sultanate of Oman
EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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EOR (treatment by RITIN)
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WORKOVER
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WORKOVER
Compaund “Plastic KS-M”
Plastic KS-M is used for sealing casing and eliminating the cross-flows between casing and borehole wall. Plastic KS-M enables sealing casing and restore cement in casing string-borehole annulus if cement and silicate solutions do not lead positive results.
Specification of Plastic KS-M:
Temperature- till 110 C
Period of hardening 5-48 hours
Density 1.2-1.35 g/cm3
Bending strength 40-68 kgf/cm2
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WORKOVER
Compaund “Plastic KS-37”
Plastic KS-37 is used for sealing casing and eliminating the cross-flows between casing and borehole wall. Plastic KS-37 enables sealing casing and restore cement in casing string-borehole annulus if cement and silicate solutions do not lead positive results.
Specification of Plastic KS-37:
Temperature- till 110 C
Period of hardening 5-48 hours
Density 1.2-1.35 g/cm3
Bending strength 40-68 kgf/cm2
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DRILLING
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Using special surface and bottom hole electric equipment for drilling vertical, deviated and horizontal wells with special equipment (electric swivel, drilling pipes with cable inside, bottom hole electric motors, transformer). Electric drilling does not depend on quantity and quality of drilling mud. It permits to control drilling process from bottom hole and to drill geonavigated horizontal wells without renting or buying expensive MWD and LWD systems.
Drilling
Drilling by bottom hole electric motors
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Reduces time for window milling out in the casing string by several times. Includes into operation: milling out devices, wedge-type whipstocks, reamer-milling bits, hydraulic anchor, engines-deflectors, disconnectors used in sidehole constructions, both in Russia and other oil regions
Side-Tracking
Drilling
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Deviation Survey System ZIS-4
Characteristic and advantajes:
* possibility of orienting deflectors in vertical parts of the wellbore
* possibility of carrying out the planed well path without breaking the drilling jobs using the wireless communication channel
* control over the down-hole motor operation by measuring the shaft speed
Drilling
* small time consumption* continuos measuring and recording the deviation survey data
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Drilling
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Process flow sheet of the second side hole casing with the liner applying full hole cementing and using PhKMC type complex
Drilling
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Modular MOP - 146/230
Designed to isolate a selected annulus interval (normally producing formation), in the process of casing string cementing. Usefull for a selective exploitation of individual formations, (or interlayers of one thick formation) or for other purposes
Drilling
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HEAVY OIL
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Heavy Oil
* Plunger diaphragm pumps
* Cleaning up tubing and pipelines from asphalt, wax and paraffine sediments
* Cleaning of bottom hole zones
* AC converter FED motors
* Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
* Vibroacoustic reducing of oil viscosity
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Heavy Oil
Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP)
Evident design advantajes:
* Reducing well shut-down and round trip expenditures
* No contact of plunger with pumping liquids
* No leak in plunger pump. Volumetric efficiency 90-97%, for all pressures and production of heavy and high viscosity oil
* No contact of plunger with cylinder
* PDP can work with high content of sand (up to 200 mg/I)
* PDP can work with high viscosity of oil on sucking valve (up to 2000 mm2/c)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP)
Evident design advantajes:
* Reducing of rods hanging-off due to hidraulic resistance and plunger friction
* Posibility of long working period of the pump without liquid
* High range of liquid delivery
* Possibility of pump working in unstable production wells (production of the formation less than production of the pump)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP)
Evident design advantajes:
* Reducing of specific electricity consumption
* Using of large diameter ball valves wich provides high wear resistance
* High robustness of the pump. It can work like that an conventional sucker pump if the diaphragm is destroyed
* PDP does not need special devices, and only conventional equipment for standard sucker rod pumps is used for it
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP) Heavy Oil
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
State of Art of Russian Drilling and Production Technologies Heavy Oil
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP)
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Plunger diaphragm pumps
(PDP)
Heavy Oil
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Heavy Oil
Tubing cleaning up from asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments
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Heavy Oil
Tubing cleaning from asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments
Solid chemical reagents as cylinder of 30-40 mm in diameter and 200-700 mm long are delivered through an standard lubricator into the oil or gas well, without interruption of production.
Reagents are airtight in the aluminum shell and are airtight capsules, witch can be mixed togheter or delibered separately
Being in the well, they drop down under their own weight and in interaction with the products of the well they produce a large amount of heat through perforation holes
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Tubing cleaning from asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments
At the same time, a hot gas and liquid mixture is produced, that not only melt asphalt-wax-paraffin and paraffin-hidrates sediments, but also washes away the center of their appearance
The temperature in the wall of the tubing is about 95° C. Aluminum compound produced in the reaction cover the inside surface of the tubing with the oxide film, which leads to reduction of pipe corrosion, as well as the speed of asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments formation
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Tubing cleaning from asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments
The process enables to restore circulation in also fully plugged tubing. The reaction products are water-oil solubles compunds and are removed togheter with oil, without changing its composition
Treatment of wells takes from 2 to 5 hours for prevention of tubing from AWP sedimentation, and 20 to 30 hours for cleaning fully plugged tubing
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Heavy Oil
Cleaning of bottom hole zones from colmatant
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Cleaning of bottom hole zones
Method “A”:
1. To run in of a container being a perforated tubing filled with thermo-chemical elements into the interval of perforation
3. Carrying out a technological period up to the destruction of an acid container and thermo-chemical reaction start
2. Pumping through of a solution of the hidrocloric acid into the well up to filling the container zone and casing space in the perforated interval
4. Pumping of hot products of the reaction into the oil formation
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Cleaning of bottom hole zones
Method “B”:
With the help of geophisycal cable, a container having a perforated head and filled with thermo-chemical reagents containing a detonation cord, is run in the well till perforation zone
According to electric charge from surface, a cartridge is fired, resulting in a destruction of the reagent airtight cover and a stormy thermo-chemical reaction with a large amount of heat, gas and liquid chemical reagents. In this case, the presence of an acid is not required. The solid cover completely dissolves without polution the well
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Cleaning of bottom hole zones
Method “B”:
Liquid hot products heat the formation, that in itself reduces the influence of molecular-surface qualities on the boundaries of different agents separation
The reaction products contacts with naphtenics acids by forming surfactants that reduces surface tension, raises wetting qualities of oil hidrocarbons on the oil rock boundaries and enables their better filtration in formation
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Heavy Oil
Cleaning of bottom hole zones
Method “B”:
Besides that, the compounds formed in the process of the reaction, contacts with the sediments of water-non-soluble salts in the fractures and pores of formation, and make them water-soluble compounds
The filtration area increases, that lead to the better oil recovery and well production increase
Reliability of the method is 100%. The period of positive effect is 1 year or more, well production increase after treatment is 50% and more
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AC Converter FED motors
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While operating, centrifugal pumps drive kit powered by non-sinchronous submersible motors (NSM) in some liquid sampling conditions, certain technological probles arise. These problems reduce the lifetime of the equipment. Energy increase effects of centrifugal pumps drive kit powered by (NSM), are practicaly eliminated
The AC CFM drive kit gives better function, lifetime, energy parameters of drive kit powered by non-sinchronous motor
AC CFM
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
The AC CFM drive kit consist of the sinchronous machine with a rotor that runs on permanent magnets, and a coiled stator that is powered using a special alghoritm generated by a control station on earth surface
The AC CFM has an option of rotation speed regulation in broads limits. It was developed and commercialy introduced the drive kit with 500-3500 RPM rotation speed. It is possible to use these motors in drive kits with serial production pumps and hydro-protective units
AC CFM
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AC CFM
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AC CFM features (rotation speed 3000 RPM)
AC CFM
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AC CFM
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AC CFM
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AC CFM
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AC CFM
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AC CFM
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AC CFM
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The SP AC CFM is equiped by control station. While rotation speed till 500 RPM, the SP AC CFM power supplies from the control station directly. While rotation speed more 500 RPM, the motor power supplies from the voltage transformer.
AC CFM
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AC CFM
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AC CFM as drivehead for PCP
Inductive electric motor Drivehead without gear box reduction. Rotation speed can be regulated by power control station between 100-500 rpm
with the constant torque of 716 Nm. Drivehead has backspin control as electric brake and hydraulic loop off motor. The weight of drivehead is 340 kg. Can be used with any kind of PCP.
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Drivehead & PCP
1. Head 1200 (1500) metres
2. Flow rate 1-50 m3/day
3. Capacity drive (power) 2-15 kWt
4. Fluid viscosity till 10 000 cps
5. Sand content 2.5 g/liter
6. Gas oil ratio 60%
7. Rotation speed of rods 20-180 rpm
8. Weight of surface drive 350-450 kg
9. Temperature: modification O till 90 C
modification OB till 120 C
modification TB till 180 C
10. Dimensions 700 x 700 x 1250 mm
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Drivehead & PCP
There are five types of reducing gear and soft for pump selection.
The PCP has 3/4 and 5/6 screw lines
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Drivehead & PCP
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Серия насоса Series pump
Подача установки
м3/сут Flow rate
m3/dayНапор
Установки,
Head m Max
Частота вращения электродвигателя
об/минRotation speed
electric motor r.p.m
Частота вращения штанг
об/мин Rotation speed
rods r.p.m.Передаточное число привода Unit ratio
drive
Мощность электро
двигателя, кВт Make Capacity
electricpower kWt MaxMin Max min мах
274
7,5 15
600
1500 45 9016
3
15 30 3000 90 180 3,5
6 12 1500 36 7220
3
12 24 3000 72 144 5,5
5 10 1500 29 5825
3
10 20 3000 58 116 5,5
3,5 7 1500 23 4631
3
7 14 3000 46 92 3
3 6 1500 18 3640
3
6 12 3000 36 72 3
374
7,5 15
1200
1500 45 9016
5,5
15 30 3000 90 180 11
6 12 1500 36 7220
5,5
12 24 3000 72 144 7,5
5 10 1500 29 5825
5,5
10 20 3000 58 116 7,5
3,5 7 1500 23 4631
5,5
7 14 3000 46 92 5,5
3 6 1500 18 3640
5,5
6 12 3000 36 72 5,5
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Серия насоса Series pump
Подача установки
м3/сут Flow rate
m3/dayНапор
Установки,
Head m Max
Частота вращения электродвигателя
об/минRotation speed
electric motor r.p.m
Частота вращения штанг
об/мин Rotation speed
rods r.p.m.Передаточное число привода Unit ratio
drive
Мощность электро двигателя, кВт Make Capacity
electricpower kWt Max
Min Max min мах
190
12,5 25
600
1500 45 9016
5,5
25 50 3000 90 180 7,5
10 20 1500 36 7220
5,5
20 40 3000 72 144 7,5
8 16 1500 29 5825
3
16 32 3000 58 116 5,5
6 12 1500 23 4631
3
12 24 3000 46 92 5,5
5 10 1500 18 3640
3
10 20 3000 36 72 5,5
290
12,5 25
1200
1500 45 9016
7,5
25 50 3000 90 180 15
10 20 1500 36 7220
7,5
20 40 3000 72 144 11
8 16 1500 29 5825
5,5
16 32 3000 58 116 11
6 12 1500 23 4631
5,5
12 24 3000 46 92 7,5
5 10 1500 18 3640
5,5
10 20 3000 36 72 7,5
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Electro-cable heating unit (ECHU) for preventing tubing and pipelines from asphalt, wax and paraffine precipitation
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
Important advantages:
Uninterrupted every-day heating of the oil flow inside the well, which provides all through-heating point in all stages of paraffin plugs
The heating cable, being inside the tubing heats the up going oil flow evenly along the whole tubing and prevents precipitation of asphaltene and parffin on the walls of tubing and casing, because the temperature of the up going oil is higher than the melting point of the paraffin.
All other methods, in particular mechanical, chemical and thermal ones, either periodically (one time in 5-15 days) or provide only partial heating which doesn’t solve the problem.
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
When heating the oil in the space between the tubes, (the annulus between the casing and tubing), a great part of energy goes for heating of the space behind the tubes. Hereby, only 8-10% of the total section of the pumping tubing is freed of paraffin, whereby 100% can be freed with the help of ECHU
During the installation of the ECHU, no pause in output is required
The heating of the well can be executed in an economical mode. Small weight and dimension in comparison with usual equipment
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
1. Surface wellhead
2. Seal box
3. Roller unit
4. Guiding roller
5. Heating cable
6. Fixing roller
7. Cable mounting clamp
8. Ancher
9. Cable ancher
10. Cable jointing box
12. Electric power regulator
13. Set-up transformer
14. Power cable
15. Power switch
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Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
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Basic technical data
# Specifications Value
1Maximum depth for run in of heating cable 2000 m
2 Ouside diameter of heating cable 20 mm
3 Input voltage 380 V
4 Maximum voltage 780 V
5 Maximum output currency 120 A
6 Maximum output power 90 kWt
7 Weight of control station 80 kg
8 Weight of connecting box 15 kg
9 Weight of heating cable 800 kg/km
10 Diameter of rollers (not less) 600 mm
11 Strength of heating cable (not less) 7000 kg
12 Electrical resistance of cable (not more) 20 Ohm
Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
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Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
1. The assembly of electro-cable heating unit (ECHU) details in the roller unit (fastening clamps with blowout prevented hawser, casing head stuffing box, unit plate fixing to the flush fitting flange)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
2. Initial time. The heating cable is run in the well manually
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
3. Running the heating cable in the well by the logging winch, under death weight
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)
4. After the heating cable reaches nessessary depth, the secondary fastening to roller unit is carrying out; the primary fastening has been implemented via the clamps on the casing head stuffing box
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Vibroacoustic Activation (VAA) of Heavy Oil
VAA method of a complex effect is based on a resonance-vibration concept and intended for activation (mixing, dilution and dispersion) of oil and oil products containing paraffins, asphaltens, waxes and other high-viscosity liquids with thixotropic qualities.
Mixing and diluting of a liquid is achieved by means of vibration and flooding of turbulent streams having high displacement speeds. Besides that, the liquid is influenced upon with the acoustics and high magnetization.
In non- Newtonian liquids it results in destruction of elastic links, reduction of dynamic tension of a shift and plastic viscosity, destruction of paraffin crystals and display of pseudo-Newtonian characteristics of the liquid in flowing.
To stabilize the effect of viscosity reduction different depressors are added into the oil at the rate of 0.01-0.05 % per mass, which helps to reduce twice in average the period of relaxation of kinematic viscosity.
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Vibroacoustic Activation (VAA) of Heavy Oil
The VAA method enables:
- to remove oil sludges,
- to clean oil tanks from bottoms,
- to prepare the oil for transporting by pipeline
(degasification, desalinization, dehydration),
- to reduce viscosity before pumping oil
through the pipelines,
- to process quality drilling muds,
- to create fine cement slurry,
- to increase stability of emulsions and
polymer compositions,
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Vibroacoustic Activation (VAA) of Heavy Oil
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Treatment of oil sludge pitsDirectly from waste sludge pits:
- recover up to 95% of good quality oil (pipeline grade) from
oil sludge pits
- environmentally friendly system, fast processing rates
- cost effective, value of recovered oil can cover cost of
processing sludge
- providing turn-key solutions for treating oil sludge pits
- efficient and reliable centrifugal recovery system
- minimum maintenance and supervision
- deal with space restrictions
- providing repair facility and spare parts
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Gas conversion to liquid (GCL)
End products depends on customer :* High quality gasoline or diesel fuel;
* Super high quality gasoline additive with octane number (105-125)
which can be used as antidetonation additive to low octane number
gasoline;
* Diluent for heavy oil;
* Resins or polymers;
* Gaseous alkenes (ethylene, acetylene, propylene, butane etc);
* Mixture of heavy gaseous alcanes (propane, butane, pentane)
* Mixture of aliphatic alcohols (ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc.) and
ethers (diethyl, isopropyl etc.)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Synthes goes by pressure less than 28 psi and temperature less than
350 C (depends on the end product). Utilization degree of assosiated
gas 95-99% (with Sulfur and Hydrogen)
Gas conversion to liquid (GCL)
Main equipment:
* industry electron accelerator;
* reactor;
* circulation gas compressor;
* gas-liquid separator;
* gas separator for hydrogen;
By-products:
* gaseous hydrogen
* cristallic sulfur
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SuperSonic Separation of gas (3S)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
Some of the advantages of “3S” in comparison with conventional technologies for the separation of hydrocarbons from a mixed hydrocarbon gas stream are:
small size and therefore reduced space requirements, greater portability and reduced handling and installation costs
low capital and operating costs ,
no adverse environmental impact,
the absence of moving parts,
no requirement for routine maintenance,
conservation of reservoir energy
superior performance capabilities compared to conventional separation equipment and configurations
SuperSonic Separation of gas (3S)
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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada
“3S” has the potential to be used in the following applications by the gas industry:
gas conditioning (dehydration and heavy hydrocarbons separation);
propane/butanes separation (LPG);
separation of H2S and CO2;
ethane extraction;
methane liquefaction.
SuperSonic Separation of gas (3S)
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Comparison with conventional technologies
The ”3S” unit surpasses the Joule Thompson (“JT”) valve in efficiency under all conditions. It operates effectively even under conditions where the JT valve is not applicable.
Tests have demonstrated that, in comparison with the JT valve, heavy hydrocarbon extraction is increased by over 30%, at the same pressure differentials, when using the ”3S”. Compressor horsepower savings in the complex of gas conditioning are in the range of 50 to 70% with a resultant, commensurate saving in operating, maintenance and fuel costs.
SuperSonic Separation of gas (3S)
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SuperSonic Separation of gas (3S)
1 2 4
431 5
Where:
1 – swirling device, 2 – sub/ supersonic nozzle, 3 – working section, 4 –device for gas-liquid mixture withdrawal, 5 – diffuser
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