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Geography of the United States
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Elevation Map of United States
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Appalachian Mountains• Stretch through many Atlantic
coast states
• 1,500 miles long
– 100-300 miles wide
• The Appalachians are aging mountains –they have undergone erosion. (The undergone erosion. (The process by which the products of weathering are moved from one place to another)
– Thought to have been formed 680 million years ago
• Individual Mountains average height is 3000 ft.
• Highest peak ~ Mt. Mitchell (North Carolina, 6,684 ft)
Mt. Mitchell
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October in the Appalachian Mountains
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Ranges in the Appalachians
• White Mountains
(northern)
• Blue Ridge Mountains • Blue Ridge Mountains
(central)
• Black Mountains,
Great Smokey Mts.
(southern)
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Appalachian Mountains
Natural/Economic Resources
• Timber
• Coal, granite, limestone, etc. • Coal, granite, limestone, etc.
• Bears, mountain lions, wild cats, wolves, foxes, deer and moose
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Rocky Mountains
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The Rockies
• 3,000 miles long – from British Columbia, in Canada, to New Mexico
• “Younger” mountains – (50-100 million years ago)
• A complex mountain system with jagged peaks, flat topped elevations, woodlands, year-round snow caps, grasslands, etc.
• The highest peak is Mount Elbert (Colorado, 14,440 feet) • The highest peak is Mount Elbert (Colorado, 14,440 feet)
Mt. Elbert
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Rocky Mountains
The Colorado Rockies
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Rocky Mountains
• Runoff and snowmelt from the peaks sculpt landscape
– Supply one-quarter of the United States with water
• Rocky Mountains rivers eventually drain into three Oceans: the Atlantic Ocean, Oceans: the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean
– Arkansas River, Colorado River, Columbia River, Missouri River, Rio Grande, Snake River, Yellowstone River The Columbia River carves a deep
gorge through the Cascade Range, at Crown Point State Park, Oregon.
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Rocky Mountains
• The Continental
Divide
– designates the line at
which waters flow
either to the Atlantic or either to the Atlantic or
Pacific Oceans
– located along the
Rocky Mountains
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Rocky Mountains
Natural/Economic Resources
Coal, copper, gold, iron ore, lead, petroleum, natural gas, silver, and zinc
• Timber • Timber
– Northern Rockies
• Livestock
– Sheep, Cattle, Bison, etc.
• Recreation and tourism
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Alaska Mountain Range
• 400 miles long
mountain range
– Southern
Alaska
• Mount McKinley • Mount McKinley
(Denali)
– Tallest
mountain in N.
America
– 19,470 ft
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Cascade Mountain Range
• Famous for its
Volcanoes
– Part of “Pacific Ring of
Fire”
• 90% of earth’s earthquakes
• over 160 active volcanoes• over 160 active volcanoes
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Cascade Mountains
Natural/Economic Resources
• Farming
– Volcanic rock is rich in minerals
creating excellent soil conditions
• Powerful streams/rivers • Powerful streams/rivers
– Recreation
– hydroelectric power
– Crop irrigation
• Volcanic steam is used to heat
public buildings
in Klamath Falls, Oregon
Multinomah Falls
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Cascade Mountains - Mt. RainierMt. Rainier
overlooks
Tacoma, WA
• Mount Rainier highest peak in the Cascades (WA, 14,410
ft)
• Last recorded eruption in the mid 18th century
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Mt. Saint Helens• Catastrophic eruption on May 18, 1980 at
8:32am. That eruption was the most deadly and economically destructive volcanic eruption in US history
• 57 people were killed and 250 homes, 47 bridges, 15 miles of railways, and 185 miles of bridges, 15 miles of railways, and 185 miles of highway were destroyed.
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Mt. Saint Helens• Became
active again in 2004 – continues to
erupt in small dosessmall doses
• 36,000-foot plume of steam and ash emerged in 2005
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Sierra Nevada • 400 miles long
– 70 miles wide
– California
Mt. Whitney – largest peak in the
continental US (14,505 ft. - CA)
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• Yosemite Valley
– Granite summits
• Half Dome
Sierra Nevada
• Lake Tahoe
– largest Alpine lake in N. America
– between Nevada and California
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Mojave Desert
• California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona
• Averages less that 13 inches of rain per year
• Joshua Trees• Joshua Trees– Native to this desert area
• Sparsely populated – Few big cities (ex. Las
Vegas)
• Death Valley – Lowest, Hottest place is
North America
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Grand Canyon
• Carved by the Colorado River
into the Colorado Plateau
– Arizona
– 277 miles long, over a mile deep
– Home to many native tribes – Home to many native tribes
• Pueblo (Anasazi) as early as 1200 BC