Gavin Abo
Nate Stout
Nathan Thomas
HydroFly
Flywheel
Hydrofly
• Two Teams– Flywheel– Fuel Cell
• Adam Lint
• Chris Cockrell
• Daniel Hubbard
Sponsors & Mentors
• Brian Johnson
• Herb Hess
• Satish Samineni
• Greg Klemesrud
• John Jacksha
Presentation OutlineI. Introduction
II. Objectives
III. Specifications
IV. Design Functionality
V. Test Plan
VI. Schedule
VII. Budget
VIII. Future Work
IX. Questions
I. Introduction
Why is the project being done?
- To correct short voltage sags (Less than 1.5 seconds)to maintain a stable voltage to critical loads.
II. Primary Objective
• Interface a flywheel to the AMPS with the ability to correct for voltage sags occurring on the AMPS. – Implement the design by Satish Samineni
Secondary Objectives
• Spin a flywheel
• Communicate between converters
• Operate each converter with its own PWM
• Provide power to AMPS
• Make the system safe
• Operation Manual
III. SpecificationsThe AMPS 3 Phase, 208 V, 60 Hz, 5 kVAThree-Phase Series Transformer 7:10 turns ratio, 34.8 kVADC Bus Voltage 450 V maxDC power supply max. ripple 50V DCDC Bus Capacitance 2 x 250V 1000 μF (grounded between
the 2)Flywheel Moment of Inertia 5.406 kg-m2
Maximum Flywheel Stored Energy 91.305 kJInduction Machine Ratings 208 V, 32.6 A, 60 Hz, 10 hp, 4 poleSVPWM Switching Frequency 1 kHzSPWM Switching Frequency 10.8 kHzMaximum Sag Correction Duration 1.5 sMaximum Magnitude of SagCorrection
37% (or 63% of rated) @ 0.95 pu
Sag Correction Response Time Within 2 cyclesMagnitude Sag Correction Tolerance Within 0.95 pu 0.05 pu of rated2 Tier Converters 6 IGBTs 75A, JTAG (software not
included), etc.DSP Program Language C with inline ASM from TISample Rate for Voltage Correction 20k samples per cycleFlywheel Speed Sensor Position Encoder
Goals that have not been met• Fully Operational STPWM Code
– Setup voltage LEMs and acquire voltages• 3 voltages LEMs not yet received, but on the way
• Converter can acquire two voltages, but must scale by calculation of transformer ratio.
– Implement sine wave lookup table
• Fully Operational SVPWM Code– Setup voltage LEMs and acquire voltages
– Setup position encoder and acquire theta
• Setup communication between boards
– Sag status
– Tsag • Need to determine best pin, currently would lose temp sensor
for board protection.
• Starting induction motor
• Power the DC bus capacitors
IV. Design Functionality• Block Diagram
• Circuit Schematic
• Sub Circuit Schematics
• Organizational Chart
• Code Flow Diagram
• Programming
• Documentation
• Safety Features
Block Diagram
Circuit Schematic
Series Transformer Diagram
A Phase
B Phase
C Phase
Flywheel Energy Storage System
+ Vinjected -
+ Vinjected -
+ Vinjected -
So
urc
e
Lo
ad
x 2sin y sin z x y
10 5 0 5 104
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
x ( )
y ( )
z ( )
In phase Out of phase
a x 75 deg y
10 5 0 5 104
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
x 75 deg( )
y ( )
a ( )
DC link charging power supply
We used simple rectifier circuits to generate
the DC voltage
Organizational Chart
Operate a sine–triangle PWM
scheme
Operate a space vector
PWM scheme
Provide power to AMPS
Communicate between
converters
Program the triangle wave
Program the sine wave
look up table
Spin a flywheel
Program the switching
times calculation
Program a Phase locked
loop
Program matrix math
functions
Sag Status
Interface a flywheel to AMPS to correct for voltage sags on the
system
Code Flow Diagram
In order to help organize the code, we produced the following...
InterruptsSpace Vector spin flywheelup to minimum speed
Check for sags
Slow the motor
Determine magnitudeof the sag
PLL Start
Sine Triangle PWM
Has minimumspeed beenreached?
SagDetected?
Less than0.63 p.u.?
SagPersisting?
Stop All
DC link lost itsvoltage level
Flywheel belowminimum speed
MeasurementError
Start
The Programming
• All code is mathematically verified and set up to be interfaced to the DSP
• Testing still needs to be done.
Documentation
• Completed– Test plan– Poster– Life Cycle Report– Product
Reliability Report
• Not Completed– Final Report– Operations
Manual
Safety Features
• Plexiglas around all four sides of the cart
• Capacitor interface with banana jack leads
• Capacitor shorting bars
• Power strip as power connection
V. Test Plan Sample
Test FVSCS specifications Record Turn on the power strip. Verify that the DC bus has 450 volts on it. Verify that the flywheels is spinning at 1755 RPM with a strobe. Connect an oscilloscope to the sag bit line of the boards. Verify that the sag bit is in the low (0V) state. Initiate the 3 phase symmetrical fault on the line. Verify that the sag bit goes high (3.3V) state. Check SEL relay data to verify that the fault was corrected. - For the full duration of the sag. - To within 0.95 0.05 p.u. of nominal voltage. - Correction occurring within two cycles
VI. Schedule
• This Week Final Demonstration– To be scheduled W, Th, or Fri
• 12/12/2005 Final Report II Due– Includes Documentation
VII. BudgetQuantity Item Company Unit
PriceSubTotal with
Freight2 DC/AC Converter Tier Electronics $1,700 $3,428.041 DSP Software Texas Instruments $495 Donated1 XDS510PP-Plus Parallel
Port EmulatorSpectrum Digital $974.25 Donated
2 1000 F Capacitors 250 V Futurlec $2.5 $81 Craftsman Utility Cart
(Mfr. model #59345)Sears (Lewiston, ID) $62.99 $62.99
1 3-Phase Transformer UI G10 Lab -- Salvaged10 120V 20A Diodes Digi-Key $1.138 $18.591 Wall Transformer
48 VDC 500 mAJameco $10.95 $17.44
1 Plexiglas 4’ x 8’ Sheet+ cutting tool
Moscow BuildingSupply
$57.31 $57.31
3 Voltage Transducer LEM USA $37 Donated6 Current Sensor LEM USA $21 Donated2 Time Delay Relay Surplus Sales $49 $1042 8 pin octal relay base FM Stores $4.66 $9.32
10 200 V 20A Diodes Digi-Key $1.00 $23.011 Design Poster/Report
BindingUI Commons CopyCenter
$66 $66
Total Expenditures $3,794.70Total Value of donated Items $1706.25
Proposed Budget $4,825.00Remaining Budget $1,030.30
VIII. Future Work
• Unbalanced sags
• Better DC link charging supply
• Interface an visual human machine interface (HMI)– Error reporting– Event recording
http://www.ece.uidaho.edu/hydrofly/website
IX. Questions