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GAS META
L ARC
WELD
ING
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DEFINITION
Intense heat of an electric arc is used to melt filler material and base metal while a wire electrode is continuously fed into the arc. A shielding gas protects the weld from contamination.
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EQUIPMENT
1. Direct Current
2. Constant Voltage Power Source
3. Wire Feeder w/control system
4. Electrode wire
5. Welding gun
6. Electrical Cable
7. Shielding Gas
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TYPES OF METAL TRANSFER
• Short Circuit- molten metal is deposited in repeated short circuits
• Globular- molten metal is transferred across arc in large droplets
• Spray- molten metal is propelled axially across the arc in small droplets
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ADVANTAGES
1. High Deposition Rates
2. High Utilization of Filler Material
3. Elimination of Flux/Slag Removal
4. Reduction of Smoke & Fumes
5. Can be Automated
6. Less Skill Required
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DISADVANTAGES
1. Cost
2. Metal preparation time
3. Unsuitable for outdoor welding
4. Fast cooling rates
5. Unsuitable for thick metals
6. Shielding gas required
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INTERNAL DIAGRAM OF WIRE FEED SYSTEM
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TIP DISTANCE DIAGRAM
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WELDING TERMINOLOGY
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ARC WELDING
Type of welding when weld is produced by heating metal with an arc with or without the use of filler material or pressure
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ELECTRODE
A component of the welding circuit through which current is conducted to the arc, molten, slag or base metal
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FLUX
Material used to prevent, dissolve or remove oxides and other undesirable materials from a weld
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BASE METAL
The metal to be welded, soldered or cut
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POROSITY
Cavity formed by gas entrapment during solidification
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SPLATTER
Metal particles expelled during welding that does not form as part of the weld
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TACK WELD
Weld made to hold part of the weldment in proper alignment until the final welds are made
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INERT GAS
A gas that goes not normally combine chemically with the base metal or filler metal. Creates a protective atmosphere.
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UNDERCUT
A groove melted into the base metal adjacent to the toe or root of a weld and left unfilled by weld metal
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WELD
A localized joining of metal produced by heat
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FILLER METAL
The metal to be added in making a welded joint.
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READING ELECTRODES
ER-70S-6E=ElectrodeR=Filler Metal Rod70= Tensile Strength
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ER-70S-6S= Solid Wire6=Chemical Composition of
the Wire
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PRACTICE READING ELECTRODES
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WELD ANATOMY