Download - Fractions for year 3
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An introduction to fractions for students in year 3
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So, what are fractions?
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When we divide something into equal parts, we create fractions.
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This circle has been divided into three equal parts.
1 2
3
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It takes 3 parts to make the whole circle.
1 2
3
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Each part is one part of three.
1 2
3
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The fraction of each of these parts is shown below.
13
13
13
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This single blue part is one part of three. We call it one third.
13
13
13
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The top number, called the numerator shows how many parts we’re
representing.
13
13
13
Numerator
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The bottom number, called the denominator shows how many parts
make the whole.
13
13
13
Denominator
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An easy way to remember which one is the denominator is to think “D” for
denominator, “D” for down.
13
13
13
Denominator
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Hit space to reveal the section that is one third, or one part of three. It is written like
13
13
13
13
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Another way to represent fractions is with a number line. Hit space to reveal a number line.
13
13
13
0 1
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We need to fill in all the possible fractions for a shape divided into three parts on the number line. We are wanting to model . Hit space to reveal the
fractions to be included.
13
13
13
Now hit space to see how to represent on the number line.
13
The number 1 represents (one whole).33
0 113
23
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132
3
23
Hit space to reveal the section representing two thirds, or two parts of three. It is written like
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132
3
23Now hit space to reveal represented on the
number line
0 113
23
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Let’s have a look at another shape.
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Hit space to draw a line down the centre of this square dividing it into
two equal parts.
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We now have 2 parts that make up the whole square.
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Each part has a numerator of 1 and a denominator of 2 because the whole
shape is made up of two parts.
12
12
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When something is split into two, we call that one half. So one half can be
written like:
12
12
12
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And 2 halves makes 1 whole.
12
12
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Let’s complete the fractions on the number line. We are wanting to model . Hit space to
reveal the fractions to be included.
13
13
12
Now hit space to see how to represent on the number line.
12
The number 1 represents (one whole).22
0 112
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Let’s take it one step further. Hit spaceto add a horizontal line through the
middle.
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Our square is now divided into 4 parts. So our denominator is 4.
14
14
14
14
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And each part represents 1 part of 4, so our numerator is 1.
14
14
14
14
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When objects are divided into four, we call each part a quarter. You can
also call it one forth.
14
14
14
14
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This part represents one quarter, which can also be written as
14
14
14
14
14
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Hit space to see how we represent on the number line.
14
14
14
14
14
0 124
14
34
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24
14
14
24
0 124
14
34
This part represents two quarters, which can also be written as
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24
14
14
12
12
Did you notice that two quarters is exactly the same as one half?
0 124
14
34
0 112
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When you have a bit more practice with fractions, you will begin to add and subtract them. To do this, it is
often easier and usually required to break the fractions down.
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We have 24
When we change a fraction, we must do the same thing to the denominator that we do
to the numerator.
The easiest way is often to divide each number by two (or halve them).
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The numerator and denominator are both even numbers, so we can definitely divide
them by two.
The numerator is 2. If we halve it the 2becomes 1.
The denominator is 4. If we halve it the 4 becomes 2.
24
14
12
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Now you can see why two quarters and one half are the same.
14
14
14
14
13
13
13
12
12
1
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34
14
34
0 124
14
34
This part represents three quarters, which can also be written as
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Remember, our numerator tells us we are using 3 parts of the whole and our denominator tells us
that 4 equal parts makes up our whole.
34
14
Denominator
Numerator
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Here are some other fractions:
34
68
35
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So, now you know what fractions are, but when do people use fractions in
life?
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Have you ever helped to bake a cake?
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A recipe usually lists the ingredients such as of a cup of
oil.
34
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Think about some other ways you use fractions in your everyday life.
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Now you can return to the Padletand explore some of the other
activities on fractions.