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MOTION TRANSMISSION & TRANSFORMATION
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MOTION & FORCES
•For a technical object to work
properly it often must be able to
withstand certain forces (or
constraints) and have a certain
amount of motion
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TYPES OF MOTION
•There are 3 kinds of motion:
•Translational
•Rotational
•Helical
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TRANSMISSION OF MOTION
•A group of simple machines can work
together to make a system.
•A system can transmit or carry the
motion from one object to another.
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TRANSMISSION OF MOTION
•The components in these systems can be:
•close together
•far away
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TRANSFORMATION OF MOTION
•A group of simple machines can also work
together to make a system where the
type of motion is changed
(transformed) from one component to
another
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TRANSMISSION VS TRANSFORMATION
•Transmission systems:
•Multiple components that have the same type of
movement (rotational, linear, etc)
•Transformation systems:
•Different components in the system have different
types of movement
•Ex: rotational movement leads to linear movement
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Components can be
connected directly
or through an intermediate component.
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TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
1) Gear Trains
• At least 2 gears whose teeth
interlock
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TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
1) Gear Trains
• Notice that the gears move in
alternate directions
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TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
2) Chain and Sprocket
• At least 2 gears connected by a chain
Notice: all the gears turn
in the same direction
If it had gears on the outside;
they would turn in the opposite
direction
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TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
3) Friction wheels (or friction gears)
• Like gears but without teeth
• Touch directly; friction causes the
movement
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TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
4) Belt and pulley system
• Like chain and sprocket but without teeth
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TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS
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TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS
Remember: Transmission: same type of movement throughout
Transformation: changing the type of movement Ex: rotational to translational
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TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS
•1) Rack and Pinion
•Composed of a gear (pinion) and a
grooved/toothed bar (rack)
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•1) Rack and
Pinion
•Transform
rotational into
translational
(and vice versa)
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TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS
•2) Cam and follower
•Composed of a wheel that is often
oddly shaped (cam) and stick that
raises and lowers (follower)
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TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS
•3) Slider and crank (piston)
•Similar to cam and follower but the crank
is usually circular and the slider is usually a
block that moves within a tube
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Slider and crank
Rack and
pinion
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Cam & Follower
Gear Train
Belt Drive /
Belt & Pulleys
Slider-Crank