Food Security- Safety
- Quality
- Quantity
More jobs and increased incomes
National Level: sustainable economic and social development
International Level: novel markets & frontiers of contribution to global sustainability
Fundamental Objetives of Agribusiness in Brazil
In 2004, Brazilian agribusiness accounted for:
GDP
JOBS
EXPORTS
Sources: CEPEA-USP / CNA, MAPA e IPEA
30.0% 40.4%
37.0%
Agriculture Sector71%
Livestock Sector29%
Brazilian Agribusiness and GDP - 2004:
Agribusiness’ GDPUS$ 182 billion
(30%)
Non-Agribusiness’ GDPUS$ 422.9 billion
(70%)
Brazilian GDP (US$ 604.9 billion)
Sources: CEPEA-USP / CNA
U.S.A13.8%
E.U.32.7%
Oceania0.4%
Mercosur3.0%
China6.8%
Africa6.6%
Middle East6.9%
America (others)6.9%Asia (excl. Middle
East and China)12.5%
Europe (others)10.4%
Brazilian Exports (by value): Main Trading Partners(From December 2004 to November 2005)
Source: MAPA
Ranking of Brazilian Production and Exports (2004)
Production Exports
Alcohol * 1st 1st
Sugar 1st 1st
Coffee 1st 1st
Orange Juice 1st 1st
Soy Complex 2nd 1st
Beef 2nd 1st
Tabacco 2nd 1st
Broiler 3rd 1st
Pork 3rd 3rd
Fruits 3rd -
Corn 3rd -
Brazil - World RankingMain products
Sources: USDA, F. O. Licht
Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento
Gabinete do Ministro
Secretaria de Política Agrícola
Secretaria de ?Desenvolvimento Agropecuário e Cooperativosmo
Secretaria Relações Internacionais Agronegócio
Secretaria Produção Agroenergia
Secretaria Defesa Agropecuária
Assessoria de Gestão Estratégica
Secretaria-Executiva
Consultoria Jurídica
CEPLAC INMET
EMBRAPA CONAB
CEAGESP CASEMG
CEASA-MG CEASA-AM
Laboratórios Superintendências
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK & FOOD SUPPLY Organization Chart
Brazilian Agricultural Defense System Geographical Structure
.
Headquarters
State Agric. Authority
Official Laboratory
Harbor
Airport
Border Control
Agricultural Defense Activities
Animal & Plant Health – oriented to production - emphasis on animal and plant health:
Tools: GAP, plant and animal disease risk analysis, traceability & certification systems
Quality & Safety – oriented to the consumer - emphasis on consumer health & satisfaction broader agricultural sustainability:
Tools: GAP, GMP, SSOP, HACCP Inspections, zoonose controls, risk analysis, traceability &
certification systems
Quality & Safety of Foods and Beverages
- MAPA Program 0356 -• 14 Sub-programs, including animal- and plant-derived
foods• Food quality and safety inspection (shared responsabilities
with the Ministry of Health)• Enforcement of food quality and safety standards (shared
responsabilities with the Ministry of Health)• Product certification and traceability• Analytical studies and surveillance • Inspector training• Technology transfer & processor training (EMBRAPA and
partners)• May include support to research• Total budget ca. € 12 million (2005). A substantial
increase expected for 2006.
Research & Development: EMBRAPA
• The R&D arm of the Ministry of Agriculture, est. 1973
• 40 research units strategically located and product-oriented
• 2168 researchers (1040 Ph.D., 1067 M.Sc.)• Multiple international partnerships• Present abroad since 1998 (initially financed by
the World Bank): 2 international collaborative centers – LABEX: Beltsville, MD, USA
Montpellier, France.
MAJOR LABEX COOPERATION AREAS
Food Safety & Quality, Nutrition
Plant Production &Plant Production & ProtectionProtection
Natural Resources &Natural Resources & Sustainable Agricultural SystemsSustainable Agricultural Systems
Animal Production &Animal Production & ProtectionProtection
LABEXLABEX
EMBRAPA Labex: An Inovative Concept
EMBRAPA Labex: An Inovative Concept
COOPERATION AREAS
•Precision Agriculture
•Integrated Animal Health Control
•Integrated Plant Health Control
•Soil & Water Resources Management
•Global Climate Changes
•Biotechnology & Intellectual Property
•Advanced Molecular Biology Tools
•Novel Uses for Agricultural Products
• Modeling
•Nanotechnology
•Genetic Resources
•FOOD SAFETY
LABEX-USA Food Safety Reseach Network
• Scope – potential pathogens in meat, pork and dairy products
• Partners – Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Food Technology, Tropical Agroindustry, Goats, Swine & Poultry research centers. Universities.
ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Food Research InstituteFate of E. coli O157: H7 in Home-
Made Dried Beef
Faith, LeCountour, Bonnet, Cacioglu, LuchanskyInt. J. of Food Microbiology, 1998
Lactic Acid Induces the ATR
Time (hours)
0 1 2
Ce
ll P
op
ula
tio
n (
log
10c
fu.m
l-1)
0
2
4
6
8
10
ATR+
ATR-
Bonnet & Montville, Lett. Appl. Microbiol, 2005
L. monocytogenes: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA
ATR L. Monocytogenes: Food Antimicrobial
Resistance
Cross Protection of ATR Listeriae to Nisin
M17 fermented by nis+ L. lactis; 53 IU nisin.ml-1; pH 5.7; 4oC
Time (days)
0 1 2 3 4 5
Ce
ll P
op
ula
tio
n (
log
10c
fu.m
l-1
)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
ATR+ATR-
Bonnet & Montville, Lett. Appl. Microbiol, 2005
Intr
acellu
lar
AT
P (
mM
)
0
2
4
6
8
10
Increased ATP in ATR+ Cells
Bonnet & Montville, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2005 (accepted)
Conclusion from Mechanistic Studies
ATR-induction
Lactic acid enters cells
Decreases PMF
Protects cells to nisin Downregulates
& other PMF-driven FoF1 ATPase
antimicrobials
Spares vital ATP
USDA-ERRCPredictive Microbiology:
Modeling microbial development in foods for risk assessment
• Enterobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formulae
• Bacterial stress issues (response to dehydration, sugar accumulation)
• High morbidity
• Largely disseminated
• 11 strains studied in 16 commercial products
A
Lag - 1.337 h
Rate - 0.7184 log10cfu.h-1
B
Lag - 1.422 h Rate - 0.6989 log10cfu.h-1 h
ES_37C_BFN1_COC_STRESS_0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 5 10
ES_37C_BFN1_COC_STRESS_11
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 5 10
USDA Pathogen Modeling Program PMP
• Developed by the Center for Microbial Modeling and Informatics (CEMMI), led by Dr. Mark Tamplin, at the Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC), Wyndmoor, PA. The program is free for public use (www.arserrc.gov)
• The PMP uses published models to generate predictions of microbial (L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, C. perfringens, E. coli 0157: H7 etc) development in several relevant food systems
• Once the food system is chosen, input variables include time, initial microbial load, temperature, Aw, NaCl concentration. The output, immediately generated, will give the predicted microbial populations (and the confidence intervals) reached for the specified conditions
• We translated the PMP to Portuguese, making it widely available for brazilian food processors – availability 2006
• Brazil plans on contributing with the PMP by conducting research with food systems of national and multi-national interest. This will add new models to further widen the PMP scope
Strategic Network of Agricultural Risk Analysis
- REARA -• Microbial food safety (S. aureus, Salmonella spp.,
L. monocytogenes, E. sakazakii). Development of risk analysis for specific pathogens and development of predictive models for specific pathogens in relevant food systems (contribution to the PMP)
• Chemical food safety (aflatoxins, other mycotoxins and pesticide residues). Development of toxin production models and risk analysis for pesticide residues
• Real-time CCP (HACCP) monitoring• Consumer Interface
Research Projects• Development of Sampling Plans for Aflatoxin Control in Brazil
Nuts – MAPA and Embrapa. Approved by FINEP – €300.000 – initial results to be presented in 2006 to CODEX ALIMENTARIUS. 2 years
• Development of an Integrated Program for Aflatoxin Control in Brazil Nuts – MAPA, Embrapa and EU partners – producer training, production logistics, mathematical modeling of aflatoxin production – 2 years. Coordination: Catherine BRABET, INRA. Submitted
• Chemical Profiles of Brazilian Spirits – Cachaca – MAPA and University of Sao Paulo-Sao Carlos – Prospective full financing by MAPA of €90.000
• Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residue Levels in Selected Fruits and Vegetables – MAPA, Universities and official laboratories. Forthcoming in 2006, to be conducted in conjunction with the Ministry of Health surveillaces performed at retail level
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• Dr. Hartmut Waldner – German Federal Office for Food Safety
• Other SAFEFOODERA and EU colleagues• Lithuanian authorities• Dr. Mark Tamplin, CEMMI-ERRC-USDA• Dr. John Luchansky, MFS-ERRC-USDA• Dr. John Cherry, ERRC-USDA • Colleagues and students at CEMMI-ERRC-USDA
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (MAPA)
• Dr. Gabriel Maciel, Secretary of Agricultural Defense
• Dr. Alvaro Silva, Director, Plant Programs
• Fabio Fernandes, B.Sc.
• Drs. Odilson, A. Pontes (SRI), P. Arraes (LABEX)
• My team
We look forward to expanding our food quality and safety programs
toward the unique opportunity made possible by SAFEFOODERA.
Thank you!
Contact Information
Dr Marcelo BonnetDirector, Plant Products Inspection Department
Secretatiat of Agricultural DefenseMinistry of Agriculture, Livestock & Food Supply
Esplanada dos Ministerios, Anexo A, sala 337BBrasilia DF 70000 Brazil
Tel +55 61 3218 2323Tel + 55 61 3322 3742
[email protected]@agricultura.gov.br