Transcript
Microsoft PowerPoint - LyuFood consumption and dietary intakes for
a family study in
Taipei, Taiwan National Taiwan Normal University
Department of Human Development and Family Studies
Li-Ching Lyu, MPH, PhD
Study background Taiwan has widened the gap between poor and rich. No connection between health and welfare services in Taiwan. A pilot study for exploring diet and nutrition status for low-income and average income families in Taipei.
Study method Recruitment
Low-income families (n=30) by social workers Average families (n=210) by school teachers Agreed to participate: 10-15%, total 882 subjects From Nov.2000 to July 2002
Home visits 1-3 times per family by trained interviewers First visit to the low-income home accompanied by a social worker
Questionnaire development Household food consumption and family lifestyle questionnaire Individual diet and health questionnaire
For subjects over 12 years old 24-hour recall and FFQ
Children diet and health questionnaire For subjects between 6 to 12 years old 24-hour recall with assistance
_yoyo
Socioeconomic status
Low-income v.s. average families Three SES strata: low, medium and high SES based on parents’ education and employment levels Income status: not a reliable indicator in Taiwan
Family food budget
* p<0.05
Low-income v.s. average families
Average (n=209)
Low-income (n=30)
Comparisons for three SES levels
59%61%50%Fish 73%65%38%Fruit* 52%24%14%Dairy*
Daily food item 2.23.03.4Food purchase* 1.67.545.1Food insecurity*
High SES (n=44)
Medium SES (n=113)
Low SES (n=69)
24 25 24
67 70 69
167 169 170
45 44 46
low SES (n=49) medium SES (n=82) high SES (n=32)
23 22 23
58 53 57
159 158 159
42 42 42
low SES (n=68) medium SES (n=108) high SES (n=41)
BMIWeight (kg)
Height (cm)
Age (yr)
20 20 19
48 49 43
156 155 152
14 13 12
low SES (n=60) medium SES (n=98) high SES (n=51)
19 19 19
45 46 41
152 154 148
14 14 13
low SES (n=75) medium SES (n=124) high SES (n=50)
BMIWeight (kg)
Height (cm)
Age (yr)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Between mothers and daughters: alcohol, dietary fiber, cholesterol, vitamin A,
vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium Between mothers and sons:
protein, carbohydrate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, iron
Associations of nutrient densities
vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, calcium, iron
Between fathers and sons: vitamin E, vitamin B1, calcium, iron
Conclusion
Food security is an issue in families with lower SES in Taipei. Dairy, fruit and fish groups are price- sensitive in family food preparation in Taipei. Alcohol intake is higher for parents and sons in low-income families.
Conclusion Family members with higher SES had higher dietary fiber, vitamin C, vitamin A and calcium intakes, with a cascading pattern by SES. Social disadvantages in food consumption such as fruit, dairy and fish groups, and alcohol consumption need to be of concern to educators.
Taipei, Taiwan National Taiwan Normal University
Department of Human Development and Family Studies
Li-Ching Lyu, MPH, PhD
Study background Taiwan has widened the gap between poor and rich. No connection between health and welfare services in Taiwan. A pilot study for exploring diet and nutrition status for low-income and average income families in Taipei.
Study method Recruitment
Low-income families (n=30) by social workers Average families (n=210) by school teachers Agreed to participate: 10-15%, total 882 subjects From Nov.2000 to July 2002
Home visits 1-3 times per family by trained interviewers First visit to the low-income home accompanied by a social worker
Questionnaire development Household food consumption and family lifestyle questionnaire Individual diet and health questionnaire
For subjects over 12 years old 24-hour recall and FFQ
Children diet and health questionnaire For subjects between 6 to 12 years old 24-hour recall with assistance
_yoyo
Socioeconomic status
Low-income v.s. average families Three SES strata: low, medium and high SES based on parents’ education and employment levels Income status: not a reliable indicator in Taiwan
Family food budget
* p<0.05
Low-income v.s. average families
Average (n=209)
Low-income (n=30)
Comparisons for three SES levels
59%61%50%Fish 73%65%38%Fruit* 52%24%14%Dairy*
Daily food item 2.23.03.4Food purchase* 1.67.545.1Food insecurity*
High SES (n=44)
Medium SES (n=113)
Low SES (n=69)
24 25 24
67 70 69
167 169 170
45 44 46
low SES (n=49) medium SES (n=82) high SES (n=32)
23 22 23
58 53 57
159 158 159
42 42 42
low SES (n=68) medium SES (n=108) high SES (n=41)
BMIWeight (kg)
Height (cm)
Age (yr)
20 20 19
48 49 43
156 155 152
14 13 12
low SES (n=60) medium SES (n=98) high SES (n=51)
19 19 19
45 46 41
152 154 148
14 14 13
low SES (n=75) medium SES (n=124) high SES (n=50)
BMIWeight (kg)
Height (cm)
Age (yr)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Between mothers and daughters: alcohol, dietary fiber, cholesterol, vitamin A,
vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium Between mothers and sons:
protein, carbohydrate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, iron
Associations of nutrient densities
vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, calcium, iron
Between fathers and sons: vitamin E, vitamin B1, calcium, iron
Conclusion
Food security is an issue in families with lower SES in Taipei. Dairy, fruit and fish groups are price- sensitive in family food preparation in Taipei. Alcohol intake is higher for parents and sons in low-income families.
Conclusion Family members with higher SES had higher dietary fiber, vitamin C, vitamin A and calcium intakes, with a cascading pattern by SES. Social disadvantages in food consumption such as fruit, dairy and fish groups, and alcohol consumption need to be of concern to educators.