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A conviction that everything is capable of embodying &
communicating the divine
That realities has mysterious dimension in so far as it
is embodied with hidden presence of God
The mystery of Gods hidden presence is adhered
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Are sensible signs instituted by
Christ to give grace
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Are experienced by our senses
A. Performed word events
Sacraments are based on Christministry-words & deeds
B. As symbolic action they have concrete
ANTHROPOLOGICAL basisPersons are embodied spirits who live & act with others in
community in & through our bodies
Spiritual realities like love & freedom touch us through
the material condition of our lives
(As a sensible signs)
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Communicates through our senses
TOUCHTOUCHAnointing of the sick
Imposition of hands
WashingEmbracing
GESTURESGESTURES
WORDSWORDS
Standing
Bowing
Sitting
kneeling
Proclaimed
Listened to
Spoken
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Are instituted by Christ
The link between Christ & the sacrament
Christ instituted the sacrament by first
being the sacrament of his Father through
his whole life of word & action & establishing
the Church to be his basic sacrament
How?
1. Church makes Christ present to all person by being his body
2. By celebrating those actions that continue Christ own ministry
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Are instituted by Christ
They are actions of Christ
Christ is the PRIMODIAL sacrament
he is not just the originator but also their
primary agent (Christ himself baptizes,
confirm, etc it is Christ who effectively acts
through his ministers)
he is the fullest expression or goal of the
sacrament
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Are to give GRACE
Grace is a thing automatically conferred
It is not a quantifiable thing
Grace refers to Gods PERSONAL
PRESENCE within us
The effect of the sacraments is to draw us
closer to the Church & CHRIST himself
Conscious & active celebrations of the
sacraments gradually shaped us toward Christ-
likeness
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9
THE SACRAMENTS OFTHE CHURCH
Lesson 1:Lesson 1: Sacraments in GeneralSacraments in General
Lesson 2:Lesson 2: Sacraments of InitiationSacraments of Initiation
Lesson 3:Lesson 3: Sacraments of HealingSacraments of Healing
Lesson 4:Lesson 4: Sacraments at the Service ofSacraments at the Service ofCommunionCommunion
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Why the need for sacraments?
Ahhhhm
mmm!!??
HHHHm
mmmm??
No
idea??
?
Let me search hmmm I
think Bishop Bacani has an
apt article about that?
Really?
What article?
Love Made Visible by Bishop
Teodoro C. Bacani, Jr. D.D.Lets see and
hear that
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Love Made Visible
by: Bishop Bacani
The persons need for felt love Very basic to the person is his need
to be loved. This love though has tobe known and felt. Knowing that you
are loved is never enough; you haveto really feel and be aware of it.
Thus, the lover has to express thislove to his beloved in concrete andtangible signs (words, glance, touch,gift, embraces etc.).
Just some of
the points he
mentioned:
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Love Made Visible
by: Bishop Bacani
What is a sign? Can be perceived by one or more
senses.
Carries a message and points to
something beyond itself Signs differ in power. There is sign
that merely indicates or signifies.Other does more than merelyindicate; it communicates and
transmits. TV ad vs. smile
Signage vs. kiss
Just some of
the points he
mentioned:
It is the latter meaning that
the sacrament is all about.
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Love Made Visible
by: Bishop Bacani
Gods love is made visible and
communicated in Christ
As sacrament of God, Jesus did not
simply show that God was present in
our midst. He gave us Gods presence. Thus, contact with Christ was a saving
act. The words and action of Jesus was
a sign that did not only signify but
communicate the love. (See. Mt. 8:1-3)
But not all kinds of contact; only contactthrough faith that brought salvation.
(See Mk. 5:25ff)
Just some of
the points he
mentioned:
Problem: How can people today still come into
saving contact with Jesus whos not anymore
in our midst?
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Love Made Visible
by: Bishop Bacani
Christs love made visible and
communicated through the Church
Just as Christ is the sacrament of God,
so too the Church is the universal
sacrament of salvation. She is thesacrament of Jesus.
Church prolongs Christs saving action
especially in the celebration of the seven
sacraments.
As actions of Christ through the Church,the sacraments communicate the grace
they signify, if received with proper
dispositions. (received with and in
FAITH). Thus, sacraments are signs of
faith.
Just some of
the points he
mentioned:
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Love Made Visible
by: Bishop Bacani
As sacraments are actions of the
Spirit-filled Church, they sanctify
men (downward movement).
Sacraments are also acts ofworship (upward movement)
Sacraments form the Christian
community (horizontal
movement)
Just some of
the points he
mentioned:
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY
GODGOD
P.S. In this life, we are the love made visible. As created in Gods image
and bearers of Christ, we dont only signify Jesus, nor lead others to Him. We
communicate Jesus and make Him present always.
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Lesson 1:
Sacraments in General As embodied spirits, human beings
live in a vast network of signs andsymbols created by and used forthemselves. This we cannot ignore
and deny. Sign simply signifies and points to
another reality
Symbol sign with more than onedimension, more than one meaning
The person is animal symbolicum.Symbolic activity is human activity parexcellence. Being is of itself symbolic, because it
necessarily expresses itself.(KarlRahner)
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Sacraments, like mass, was seen as a sort
of sacred drama where Christians tended
to watch like an audience in theaters.
Lesson 1:
Sacraments in General For Rahner, any self-expression is
self-giving of oneself to the other.It is always towards dialoguetowards communion with the
other(s) that manifests most fullytoward the Other (God).
The seven (7) sacraments of theChurch belong to such symbolicactivity with the Other.
Middle
Ages
Vatican
II
Christians are no watchers, only doers.
Active participants who celebrate the
sacraments with the entire community.
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Lesson 1:
Sacraments in General All religions of the world make use of
sacraments (rituals), but onlyChristians call them sacraments.How?
From Greek mysterion to Latinsacramentum
Ancient Greeks (even before Jesus)referred to every experience of the divineas mysterion. Even Hebrew and NewTestament Scriptures attested to this.
In late 2nd century, Tertullian of Carthage,sought a word to translate this mysterion tohis Latin audience. He chose Latinsacramentum a Roman military term forsacred oath professed by recruits as theyentered the army.
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Lesson 1:
Sacraments in General St. Augustine of Hippo then broaden the
term sacramentum to include any sacredsign. In all, he listed 304 sacraments(Lords Prayer, sign of the cross, holy water,
etc.) Afterwards, the Church made distinction
between sacraments and sacramentals.
Of the 7 sacraments, baptism and Eucharistwere generally accepted as directly coming
from Jesus (dominical sacraments).Others have long history and process ofdevelopment. The Church had lived and experienced
sacraments before defining them just as any
human activity for that matter. (e.g. blogs)
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Lesson 1:
Sacraments in General The advent of Vatican II saw renewal
in the understanding of Catholicsacraments: Karl Rahner, a German Jesuit, referred to
Church as the fundamental sacrament Edward Schillebeeckx, a Belgian
Dominican, showed Christ as theprimordial sacrament
It was the timing of their work that wasattractive: (a breath of fresh air) Then, Catholics view on sacraments was
so rigid. Grace was something you gain orget, just like almost a slot machine. Forthe two, grace is qualitative like the qualityof friendship thats growing anddeveloping. Quality over quantity.
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Lesson 2:
Sacraments of Initiation
Filipinos regard baptism as a popular
event that one fails to miss. Credit that
to religious and cultural values of
Filipinos. However, it often tends to
become merely a social event devoid ofany religious character.
It has been reduced to mere registration into
the Church coupled with the emphasis on
numerous ninongs and ninangs.
How can this be remedied then?
A short account of its historical foundation
can surely help; at least to help us get back
the original intention and spirit of having it
celebrated in the first place.
Are you not aware that weAre you not aware that we
who were baptized into Christwho were baptized into Christ
were baptized into his death.were baptized into his death.Through baptism into death;Through baptism into death;
we were buried with him, sowe were buried with him, so
that just as Christ was raisedthat just as Christ was raised
from the dead by the glory offrom the dead by the glory of
the Father, we too might live athe Father, we too might live a
new life. (Rom. 6:3new life. (Rom. 6:3--4)4)
BAPTISMBAPTISM
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Lesson 2:
Sacraments of Initiation
Initiation in the early Church (1st three
centuries):
Setting: persecution of Christians, thus, the
rite was so elaborate, detailed and lengthy to
vouch for the aspirants sincerity and faith.
BAPTISMBAPTISM
Are you not aware that weAre you not aware that we
who were baptized into Christwho were baptized into Christ
were baptized into his death.were baptized into his death.Through baptism into death;Through baptism into death;
we were buried with him, sowe were buried with him, so
that just as Christ was raisedthat just as Christ was raised
from the dead by the glory offrom the dead by the glory of
the Father, we too might live athe Father, we too might live a
new life. (Rom. 6:3new life. (Rom. 6:3--4)4)
40-DAY RETREAT
BAPTISM AT
EASTER VIGIL
ANOINTING
OF OIL
CATECHUMENATE
FIRST
COMMUNION
INTEGRATIONINTEGRATION
of sacramentsof sacramentsof initiationof initiation
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Lesson 2:
Sacraments of Initiation Breakup of the Initiation sacraments in
the Latin Church: Setting: The conversion of Constantine and
the grant to Christianity as official religionof the Empire. Being a Christian soonbecame fashionable trend and in-thing.
Effect: shortening of the Rite andpostponing confirmation and reception ofcommunion at the later age.
Theological development of Original Sin:
Baptism of infants had become necessary. Vatican II rediscovered its lost history
and significance: Readapted the process of catechumens or
adult baptism with the document, Rite ofChristian Initiation of Adults (RCIA).
BAPTISMBAPTISM
Are you not aware that weAre you not aware that we
who were baptized into Christwho were baptized into Christ
were baptized into his death.were baptized into his death.Through baptism into death;Through baptism into death;
we were buried with him, sowe were buried with him, so
that just as Christ was raisedthat just as Christ was raised
from the dead by the glory offrom the dead by the glory of
the Father, we too might live athe Father, we too might live a
new life. (Rom. 6:3new life. (Rom. 6:3--4)4)
Baptism of desire
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Lesson 2:
Sacraments of Initiation The distinct nature of confirmation is on
its emphasis on the role of the HolySpirit. The best way to understand thesacrament is to understand who the
Holy Spirit is. Old Testament: Spirit of God/Yahweh
(from Hebrew ruah wind, breath, spirit).Often associated with themes of creationand re-creation. It is a life-giving Spirit.
Christian life is a life in the Spirit. The Spirit
does not only come in Confirmation for thefirst time. Life in Spirit is growing andmaturing in a person as he matures in faith,
All who are led by the SpiritAll who are led by the Spirit
of God are children of God.of God are children of God.
(Rom. 8:14)(Rom. 8:14)
The fruit of the spirit isThe fruit of the spirit is
love, joy, peace, patience,love, joy, peace, patience,
endurance, kindness,endurance, kindness,
generosity, faith, mildnessgenerosity, faith, mildnessand charity. (Gal. 5:22)and charity. (Gal. 5:22)
CONFIRMATIONCONFIRMATION
Irony: Confirmation to many signals the end of
involvement in Church as it should have been a
sacrament of initiation. Christian Mark
Homework
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Lesson 2:
Sacraments of Initiation The Last Supper:
Jesus arrival in Jerusalem as one of thethousands of Jews on pilgrimage for thePassover feast.
As his death nears, Jesus invited His apostlesto share a meal. Luke, Matthew and Markdescribe it as the passover meal, the seder the meal celebrating the Jewish exodusfrom slavery in Egypt.
In the midst of the meal, Jesus changed itsmeaning. The bread was no longer the breadof the exodus, but Jesus said, This is mybody and the wine, This is my blood.
ForJohns Gospel, theres no mention ofthese details. Instead, it was associated withJesus washing the feet of his apostles.
More than ritual, it is a way of humble service
Taking bread and givingTaking bread and giving
thanks, he broke it and gave itthanks, he broke it and gave it
to them, saying, This is myto them, saying, This is my
body to be given for you. Dobody to be given for you. Do
this as a remembrance of me.this as a remembrance of me.
(Luke 22:19)(Luke 22:19)
EUCHARISTEUCHARIST
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Lesson 2:
Sacraments of Initiation
The Real Presence of Christ in Eucharist:
This doctrines basis is in the words of institution,
This is my body This is my blood.
Proofs:
1. Concomitant circumstances of both thehearers and Institutor.
2. Refutation of the figurative meaning
suggested by the copula est (is) with the
application of the four criteria.
Nature of the case
Usages of common parlance
Convention previously agreed upon
Abstract logical analysis
St. Thomas used the term transubstantiation
substance changes while accidents remain.
Taking bread and givingTaking bread and giving
thanks, he broke it and gavethanks, he broke it and gave
it to them, saying, This is myit to them, saying, This is my
body to be given for you. Dobody to be given for you. Do
this as a remembrance ofthis as a remembrance of
me. (Luke 22:19)me. (Luke 22:19)
EUCHARISTEUCHARIST
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Lesson 2:
Sacraments of Initiation
The Mass as a Meal:
One of the most striking things about Jesus in
the gospels is his love for meals.
To share a meal was a sign of friendship
and hospitality. More than just to fill onesstomach, it was a way to teach about the love
of God.
Jesus meal fellowship vis--vis mass:
Sign of community
Sinners are invited to participate Sign of future heavenly banquet
A challenge to make present Gods kingdom
now
Taking bread and givingTaking bread and giving
thanks, he broke it and gave itthanks, he broke it and gave it
to them, saying, This is myto them, saying, This is my
body to be given for you. Dobody to be given for you. Do
this as a remembrance of me.this as a remembrance of me.
(Luke 22:19)(Luke 22:19)
EUCHARISTEUCHARIST
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Lesson 3:
Sacraments of Healing
John Paul II quotes Pius XII: TheThe
sin of the century is the loss ofsin of the century is the loss of
the sense of sinthe sense of sin.
Todays generation finds difficultydistinguishing temptation from the
actual commission of sin
On the evening of the first dayOn the evening of the first day
of the week, even though theof the week, even though the
disciples had locked the doordisciples had locked the doorof the place where they wereof the place where they were
for fear of the Jews, Jesusfor fear of the Jews, Jesus
came and stood before them.came and stood before them.
Peace be with you, he said.Peace be with you, he said.
PENANCEPENANCE
Potato story
The FROG can help usunderstand more the
dynamics of sin. Hope it
can help us around.
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Lesson 3:
Sacraments of Healing
Heart of the sacrament is
Forgiveness coupled with
Conversion (metanoia)
History of the Sacrament:
On the evening of the first dayOn the evening of the first day
of the week, even though theof the week, even though the
disciples had locked the doordisciples had locked the doorof the place where they wereof the place where they were
for fear of the Jews, Jesusfor fear of the Jews, Jesus
came and stood before them.came and stood before them.
Peace be with you, he said.Peace be with you, he said.
PENANCEPENANCE
SERIOUS
OFFENDERS
3RD CENTURY
IRELAND
CUSTOM
ONLY BAPTISM
VATICAN II
RENEWAL
Jesus waits
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Lesson 3:
Sacraments of Healing
Central to Jesus ministry is his healing
power. His life is life-giving and healing.
The Sacrament in the early Church:
The actual use and meaning of the oil and
anointing varied somewhat.
Spiritual or physical healing (as sacrament
of the sick)
Preparation for death (as sacrament of the
dying)
For Vatican II:
While it may still be received by the dying
(with reconciliation and communion), it is
ideal for its ancient practice, as sacrament of
the sick.
A leper approached him withA leper approached him with
a request: If you will to do so,a request: If you will to do so,
you can cure me. Moved withyou can cure me. Moved with
pity, Jesus stretched out hispity, Jesus stretched out his
hand, touched him and said, Ihand, touched him and said, I
do will it. Be cured. (Mark 1:do will it. Be cured. (Mark 1:
4040--41)41)
ANOINTING OFTHESICKANOINTING OFTHESICK
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Lesson 4: Sacraments
at the Service of Communion In Jesus time, marriages were settled
and arranged by families Divorce was a prerogative of the husband in
case of adultery or porneia by the wife
Jesus never accepted divorce; firmly taughtthe permanence of marriage
Sex act in marriage is sacred as it isboth unitive (enhancement of love) andprocreative (openness to havingchildren) in character.
The couple are the ministers of thesacrament. The couple marrythemselves; not that the priest ismarrying them. Priest is only the
witness (representative of the Church)
For this reason a man shallFor this reason a man shall
leave his father and mother,leave his father and mother,
and shall cling to his wife, andand shall cling to his wife, andthe two shall be made intothe two shall be made into
one. This is a greatone. This is a great
foreshadowing; I mean that itforeshadowing; I mean that it
refers to Christ and therefers to Christ and the
church. (Ephesians 5:31church. (Ephesians 5:31--32)32)
MARRIAGEMARRIAGE
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Lesson 4: Sacraments
at the Service of Communion At the time of Jesus, priests were called
the Sadducees; chief functions wereconnected to the sacrifices of thetemple.
Jesus, who offered his life as the ultimatesacrifice, was considered the great Highpriest.
Today, Holy Orders is a three-tieredsacrament. It is received by deacons,priests and bishops. Transitional diaconate vs. permanent
diaconate
Heart of the priesthood is the mass
Role of bishop is to teach and to govern thechurch
He named twelve as hisHe named twelve as his
companions whom he wouldcompanions whom he would
send to preach the goodsend to preach the good
news. (Mark 3:12)news. (Mark 3:12)
HOLY ORDERSHOLY ORDERS