Fig. 23-1, p.360
Table 23-1, p.361
Fig. 23-2, p.361
ventral
posterior
dorsal
anterior
Fig. 23-3, p.363
Fig. 23-6, p.364
choanoflagellates
placozoans sponges cnidarians flatworms rotifers mollusks annelids roundworms arthropods echinoderms chordates
multicelled body
no true tissues true tissues
radial ancestry,two germ layers
protostomes,mouth forms first in embryos
bilateral ancestry,three germ layers
deuterostomes,anus forms first in embryos
fungi
Fig. 23-7, p.365
Fig. 23-8, p.365
nucleus
glassystructuralelements
ameboidcell
poresemifluidmatrix
flattenedsurfacecells
collar cell
centralcavity
water out
waterin
water in
flagellum collar of microvilli
Fig. 23-9, p.366
Fig. 23-10, p.366
capsule'strigger(modifiedcilium)lid
barbedthread incapsule
nematocyst (capsule at free surface of epidermal cell)
barbs ondischargedthreadexposed
Fig. 23-11, p.367
Fig. 23-12, p.367
male medusa
ciliated bilateral larvagrowth of a polypone branch of a colony
ovum sperm
zygote
feedingpolyp
reproductivepolyp
female medusa
Fig. 23-13, p.368
rudimentarybrain (pair oflarge gangliain head)
branchinggut
pharynx;protrudesonto food,then retractsinto the bodybetweenfeedings
ovary
testis
oviduct
genitalpore
pair of nervecords thathave lateralbranchings
Fig. 23-14, p.369
Fig. 23-15, p.369
proglottids
Larvae, eachwith invertedscolex of futuretapeworm,become encysted in intermediatehost tissues (e.g., skeletal muscle).
A human, thedefinitive host, eatsinfected, undercookedbeef, which is mainlyskeletal muscle.
Each sexually matureproglottid has femaleand male organs. Ripeproglottids containingfertilized eggs leave thehost in feces, whichmay contaminate waterand vegetation.
Inside each fertilized egg, an embryonic,larval form develops. Cattle may ingestembryonated eggs or ripe proglottids,and so become intermediate hosts.
oneproglottid
scolexattachedto wall ofintestine
scolex
Fig. 23-16, p.370
Fig. 23-17, p.370
Fig. 23-18, p.371
Fig. 23-20, p.372
Fig. 23-21, p.373
Fig. 23-21, p.373
cuttlebone
arm
jaw
tentacle
radula
siphon
brain esophagus kidney stomach
gillanus ink
sacheart accessory
heartreproductiveorgan
mantle
Fig. 23-22, p.374
false coelom (unlined body cavity)
intestine eggs in uterus gonad
muscular body wall
pharynx
anus
Fig. 23-23, p.374
Fig. 23-24, p.375
Fig. 23-25, p.376
chelicerae
Fig. 23-27, p.377
Fig. 23-32, p.379
Fig. 23-33, p.380
Fig. 23-34, p.381
Fig. 23-34, p.381