Download - Exploring the Barriers to E-Government
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Exploring the Barriers to E-
Government
Shefali Virkar
Oxford Internet InstituteUniversity of Oxford
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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Understanding the Concept of Barriers
to e-Government The idea of a barrier can be problematic
as a social science concept
O.E.D Definition: A fence or materialobstruction erected (or serving) to bar theadvance of persons or things, or toprevent access to a place.
Conceptualising barriers as one part in the
larger system of service delivery
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Government
Government
Flow of Services
Flow of Services
Citizens
Citizens
The Hole-in-the-Road Analogy
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Seven Key Barriers to e-
Government Political Leadership Failures
Political Strategy
Workplace Culture / Organisational Set-up Socio-Economic Divides
Technology
Financial Inhibitors Lack of Trust
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Political Leadership
Clear leadership with a project champion
Ability of key political and bureaucratic
players to ensure stakeholder
participation, create involvement and
minimize resistance.
Dominance of politics and self interest
Poor project management
Low Prioritisation of e-Government Initiatives
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Political Strategy Degree to which a long-term plan for good
governance and e-government has been
developed
Efforts made towards integrating IT with
broader reform objectives
Lack of clear vision and strategy
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Workplace Culture/Organisational
Set-up Prevailing practices in organizations,
particularly the workplace culture and the
patterns of communication and informationexchange they support.
Poor change management
Distinct lack or absence of requisite IT and
management skills
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Socio-Economic Digital Divides
Degree to which there are inequalities in
skills, and differences in access to ICT
systems, literacy levels and other socio-economic indicators
Lack of affordable access to the system
Socio-economic divides of wealth, age, and gender
Existing socio-economic developmental issues
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Technology
Nature of approach to project conception
and implementation, including nature of
project design and availability ofinfrastructure.
Poor, unrealistic project design incompatible with eitherGovernment or end-user needs
Inadequate technological infrastructure
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Financial Inhibitors
Impact of available financial resources on
the planning and implementation of e-
Government projects
Inappropriate cost / benefit analyses
Lack of flexibility in exploring funding options
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Lack of Trust
Issues relating to online privacy andsecurity, particularly with reference to the
electronic handling of sensitive information
Not really an issue in nascent developingworld projectsa second generation
concern
Big Brother fear
Insufficient attention to security by system designers
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Synergies and Tensions:
e-Government and Development e-Government applications possess the
potential to improve internal managerial
efficiency and quality of public services
Decentralisation
Accountability
Democratic Participation
Benefits to developing nations
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Synergies and Tensions (contd)
Reality is that resources to fund developmentprojects are scarce
ICT projects require heavy investment ininfrastructure and skills
Resources diverted away from other high-priorityareas
Is administrative reform important enough tojustify taking potentially risky decisions?