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Marzieh H. Derkani*, Katrin Hessner, Stefan Zieger,
Filippo Nelli, Alberto Alberello, Alessandro Toffoli
Evaluation of the numerical wave model (WaveWatch III) for wave simulation in the Antarctic marginal ice zone
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Global distributions of mean monthly values of significant
wave height (I.R. Young, 1999):
January
April
July
October
Mean spatial bias in wave height
for the 2006 global hindcast
(Zieger et al., 2015):
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Global wave models are considerably biased in the Southern Hemisphere
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Operational buoys in the Southern Ocean
Southern Ocean Flux
Station (SOFS)
Since 2010
Southern Ocean WRB
(SOWRB)
&
Campbell Island WRB
(CIWRB)
Since 2017
Location of NDBC Buoys
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Metocean observations are scarce in the Southern Hemisphere
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✓ Wave, wind and surface current are measured using a
radar-based wave and surface current monitoring system
(WaMoS-II) built on board of the research icebreaker
Akademik Tryoshnikov both in the open ocean and
Antarctic marginal ice zone.
Antarctic Circumnavigation
Expedition (ACE)
Dec. 2016 – Mar. 2017
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Blanked sector
Sea clutter
Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition (ACE) sailed Southern Ocean to acquire wave data
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✓ Wave spectrum is estimated assuming ship as a big buoy.
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÷ Transfer Function
(RAO2)
Reconstructed Sea StateMeasured Response Spectrum
Wave observations are calibrated against reconstructed sea state based on ship motion response
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Mass and
Restoring
Matrices
NEMOHTransfer Function
RAO
Added Mass,
Exciting Forces and
Damping Matrices
Freq., Dir. &
Depth6
✓ NEMOH, developed at Ecole Centrale de Nantes,
is an open source boundary element method solver,
used to model the RAO.
Vessel’s transfer function is modeled using a model based on boundary element method
✓ The sea state is reconstructed providing wave data
both in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic marginal
ice zone and then evaluated against satellite data-sets.
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✓ WaMoS-II observations are calibrated
based on the reconstructed sea state.
Altimeter data from satellites:
▪ SENTINEL-3A,
▪ JASON-3,
▪ SARAL,
▪ HY-2,
▪ CRYOSAT, and
▪ JASON-2
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✓ Calibrated significant wave height
is compared with satellite data-sets
from SAR and Altimeter.
Image from: Ribel & Young (2019)
SAR data from satellites:
▪ Sentinel-1A, and
▪ Sentinel-1B
WaMoS-II observations are calibrated and validated
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✓ The model is used to investigate test cases of waves-in-ice
observations during Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition.
Incident field Ice field Transmitted field
Waves
Ship
Route
January July
✓ The presented observations during ACE underpin the set
up, calibration and validation of a WaveWatch III wave
model over a domain covering the Southern Hemisphere.
A WaveWatch III wave model is developed based on the wave observations