European External Action ServiceEuropean External Action ServiceCrisis Management and Planning DirectorateCrisis Management and Planning DirectorateEuropean External Action ServiceEuropean External Action ServiceCrisis Management and Planning DirectorateCrisis Management and Planning Directorate
EU’s Common EU’s Common Security and Security and Defence PolicyDefence Policy
Walter Stevens, CMPD DirectorWalter Stevens, CMPD Director
a relatively new policy: just 10 years old
developing rapidly: 24 operations launchedsince 2003
EU’s comparative advantage : comprehensive approach (3Ds: Diplomacy / Development / Defence-Security)
about increasing European capabilities, including: Battlegroups, Defence Agency, Operations Centre, Civilian “OHQ”, Civilian Response Teams
an ‘open project’ - fostering partnerships with the UN, NATO, AU, OSCE and partner countries
Common Security and Defence PolicyCommon Security and Defence Policy
CSDP – essential element of Crisis ManagementCSDP – essential element of Crisis Management
Development Defence/Security
Diplomacy
political
Economy
Trade
GeographicalDesks
Commission CSDP
Rule of Law
ComprehensiveApproach
• Peace, security, conflict prevention and resolutionPeace, security, conflict prevention and resolution– Financial support to AMISOM (€10-15m per year)
• Mitigation of the effects of insecurity in the regionMitigation of the effects of insecurity in the region– EUTM Somalia
– EUNAVFOR ATALANTA
– Poss. CSDP Regional Maritime Capacity Building Mission
– Support to implementation of regional counter-piracy and maritime capacity building strategy (Mauritius Oct 2010)
– Critical Maritime Routes Project
• Democratic and accountable state structuresDemocratic and accountable state structures– Political and financial support to Transitional Federal Institutions (TFI)
• Poverty reduction, economic growth and prosperityPoverty reduction, economic growth and prosperity
• Regional cooperationRegional cooperation
• Appointment of EU Special RepresentativeAppointment of EU Special Representative
• Other Funding: eg 10th European Development Other Funding: eg 10th European Development Fund (2008 – 2013) - Fund (2008 – 2013) - € € 2 Bn2 Bn
Comprehensive Approach – an example: Horn of AfricaComprehensive Approach – an example: Horn of Africa
• MissionMission:
Contribute to building a more secure and stable neighborhood, further developed crisis response capabilities and a closer relationship with partners through:
– effective and integrated, early advance, political-strategic crisis management planning,
– joint civilian-military crisis management capabilities development and – an active CSDP partnerships policy, – while ensuring coherence of CSDP actions with the agreed political strategic
objectives and the effectiveness of EU action as part of a comprehensive approach
• Key areas of outputKey areas of output:
– Crisis Management Concepts (RMCB, SAHEL, SOUTH SUDAN, [Libya]); – Strategic Reviews of CSDP missions (Kosovo, Iraq, Afghanistan, Broader Middle
East);– Action Plans (fight against piracy)– Agreements with partners for participation in CSDP missions/operations;– NATO - EU capability development dialogue;– Concept and policy papers (SSR, Border Management, strengthening ties between
CSDP and FSJ, exercises..);– Reports, briefings and speaking points on all CSDP matters;– Training and Lessons learned (Human rights in CSDP missions, SSR in Congo,...).
CMPD – mission and outputCMPD – mission and output
Working with PartnersWorking with Partners
• Globalized and interconnected world; cooperation is essential
• United Nations
• African Union
• NATO
• United States, Canada, non-EU European Allies and candidate countries to the EU
• Other Strategic Partners: Russia, China, India, Japan, Brazil, South Africa
• Partners from EU’s Eastern and Southern neighbourhood
Partnership with the United NationsPartnership with the United Nations
• Supporting the UN: key element of EU engagement in the field of CSDP
• EU political commitment to UN, 2003/2007 high level declarations
• Mutual benefits UN – EU: legitimacy from UN, credibility & capability from EU
• EU concrete cooperation with UN:
– EUFOR BiH took over from UN operation
– Artemis (DRC), EUFOR DRC: EU supported UN with EU autonomous op.
– EUFOR Chad: UN MINURCAT took over from EU
– EULEX Kosovo: after UNMIK reconfiguration
– Atalanta: EU contributes to enforce UN resolutions against piracy
Partnership with NATOPartnership with NATO
• Dialogue
Between EU High Representative and NATO Secretary-General as well as staff-to-staff
Between Political and Security Committee and North Atlantic Council
EU and NATO Military Committees
EU-NATO Capability Group
• Specific Areas of Co-operation
Missions and Operations: ALTHEA, ATALANTA, EUPOL Afghanistan, EULEX Kosovo, Darfur Supporting Action
Military Capability Development (aim: avoid unnecessary duplication, EU pooling & sharing / NATO Smart Defence)
Exercises
Working with Partner CountriesWorking with Partner Countries
CONTRIBUTION TO CSDP MISSIONS / OPERATIONS• Overall, 26 Partners participated in 17 missions and operations
(currently 13 are contributing to 8 missions / operations)• Legal basis: ad hoc or framework agreements• Committee of Contributors: knowledge-sharing forum• Financial implications
DIALOGUE / ACTIVITIES• Formal and informal dialogue on crisis management in various
fora• Exercises, training, seminars
CONTRIBUTION TO CAPABILITIES DEVELOPMENT• Battlegroups (through coop. with EU Member States)• European Defence Agency (Administrative Arrangement
required)• Voluntary contributions to the Supplement to Force Catalogue
QUESTIONS?