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Che 439 - Biomaterials
by Ersin Yavuz 130202021
F a l l, 2010
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1960s and 1970s
Goal achieve physical properties-replacement tissue immune response in
host1980s 50 implantable devices 40
different materialsCommon feature -biological inertness
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1 st generation Bio-inert
2nd generation bioactive
Mechanism of bonding of bioactive glass with living tissue
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Bioactiveglass
SiOHbond
Adsorption -bio moieties
Si-O-Si
Crystal- HCA
Adsorption
Ca+Po 4+Co 3
ActionMacrophages
Stem cells
DifferntiationMatrixformation
Crystalmatrix
BoneFormation
Reactions in forming a bond between tissue and bioactive glasses
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http://www.bb.ustc.edu.cn/ocw/OcwWeb/Materials-Science-and-Engineering/3-051JSpring2004/CourseHome/index.htm
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In mid 1980s and 1990sdevelopment of HA,bioactive glasses andglass ceramics, bonefixation, middle-earprostheses, replacementof vertebra
Another advancement:Resorbable biomaterials
No difference betweenimplant site and hosttissue http://www.spine-health.com/treatment/artificial-disc-replacement
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S urvival analysis - skeletalprostheses & artificial heart
valves Failure 10-25 years revision surgery
Main disadvantage:Living tissue changes withphysiological load andbiochemical stimuli but notimplanted biomaterials
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blartificialheart.htm
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S timulatespecific cellularresponses at themolecular level
Twoalternativeroutes of repair
1. Tissueengineering
http://www.tissue-engineering.net/index.php?seite=whatiste
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2.In situ tissue engineeringForm of powders, solutions, or dopedmicroparticles to stimulate local tissue repair.
ionic dissolution products, or growth factors(BMP)
Activate the cells
Cells S timulate multiple generations of growing cells to self-assemble into the
required tissues in situ
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Human osteoblasts ionic dissolution
products of bioactive glasses up
regulates seven families of genes
Activated genes stimulates
differentiation and proliferation of
osteoblasts
Genetic control and activation
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(i) transcription factors and cellcycle regulators;(ii) signal transduction molecules;
(iii) proteins involved in DNA synthesis, repair,
and recombination;
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(iv) growth factors and cytokines that influence theinflammatory response to the material;
(v) cell-surface antigens and receptors;
(vi) extracellular-matrix components;
(vii) apoptosis regulators.
Genetic control and activationGenetic control and activation
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Immobilizing specific proteins,
peptides, and other biomolecules- material - mimic ECM
environment - multifunctional celladhesive surface
PLA/PGA copolymers were usedto incorporate nerve growthfactor (NGF)
Molecularly tailored polymers
regeneration of nerves
http://scicom.ucsc.edu/scinotes/0001/nerves.htm
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Third-generationbiomaterials moleculardesign of scaffolds fortissue engineering andfor in situ tissueregeneration and repair,
with minimally invasivesurgery.
Economic advantagePatient specific
treatmenthttp://www.medpagetoday.com/MeetingCoverage/AAPM/18300
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Thanks for your attention
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