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EQ – “How are religion and culture connected?”
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Basics of Hinduism
• religion of the majority of people in India and Nepal (80%)
• over 900 million people practice Hinduism
• oldest living religion
• closely linked to other Indian religions like Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism
• no single founder, no single holy book, and no commonly agreed set of teachings
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A central part of Indian culture!
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Aryan Migration
warriors horse-drawn chariots
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The Vedas one Hindu holy
book
written from 1500 BCE-600 BCE in Sanskrit
included in the Vedas:
hymns and poems
religious prayers
magical spells
lists of the gods and goddesses
Hindu Holy Books
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Primary Source Watch the Hindu creation myth:
http://www.bigmyth.com/fullversion/password033/myths/english/2_hindu_full.htm
What similarities and differences do you see between the Hindu story and the stories of the Middle East (Mesopotamia and Egypt)?
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Sanskrit Writing• ancient language in Hindu
holy books read by Brahmin (priests)- “language of the
gods”
• no longer spoken today, but many Indian languages are based on Sanskrit
• English and Sanskrit are even related!
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• Most Hindus believe in a supreme spiritual force, Brahman, the “universal soul”.
• Brahman is one, but has many incarnations.–Many Hindus believe that all the different
gods are different aspects (forms) of the supreme Brahman.
– “God is one – but wise men know it by many names.”
• Polytheism or Monotheism?
Beliefs about God
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Primary Source Read the excerpt from “Isha”, chapter
two of The Upanishads.
How would you describe the “self”?
If you were to draw a picture to symbolize the “self”, what would it look like?
SKIPPED IN CLASS
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Brahma“creator
”
Vishnu“preserver
”
Shiva“destroyer
”
symbols
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Other Hindu Gods
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Beliefs about Life• Hindus believe in reincarnation: a cycle of birth,
death, and rebirth, governed by karma.
• Karma: Hindus believe that the soul is reborn into other social classes based on your behavior in your previous life, “consequences”.– You can be reborn in human, god, or animal form.
• Moksha: your GOAL = freedom from the cycle
• Guru: spiritual leader, helps you achieve moksha
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Hindu Beliefs• Read “Hindu Beliefs” and answer the
accompanying questions at the end of the packet.
• (See the reading in class to do this.)
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What goes around,
comes around!
“My karma ran over my dogma…”
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Hindu Festivals
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Hindu Festivals
• Ganges River:
• Holi:
• Diwali:
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Caste System
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Caste System
SudrasSudras““laborers, crafts workers, laborers, crafts workers,
servants”servants”
VaisyasVaisyas““farmers and merchants”farmers and merchants”
KshatriyasKshatriyas““rulers and rulers and warriors” warriors”
Dulits/Pariahs Untouchables “impure” jobs
Dulits/Pariahs Untouchables “impure” jobs
BrahminsBrahmins““Priests and Priests and
Scholars”Scholars”
caste = fixed social class you are born into
jati – occupationvarnas - religion
*outlawed in India today*
KARMA
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Hindu Symbols• Choose one of the “Hindu Symbols” to draw
and describe its significance. (skipped in class)
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The Vedic Age
The foundations for Hinduism were
established – and a huge piece of Indian
culture!
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Exit Slip
• socrative.com (room = 205lions) ORjust use a half slip of paper
• Question: How are the religion of Hinduism and the culture of India connected? Use evidence from your #3 notes.