Environmental Monitoring Report
Semestral Report March 2013
PRC: Central Yunnan Roads Development Project
Prepared by MOT Environmental Protection Center for Yunnan Wukun Expressway Company
and the Asian Development Bank.
This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
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Yunnan Wuding to Kunming expressway is one section of Lanzhou to Mohan Road in Yunnan Province for China’s Western Development. And it’s one section of the fifth radiating line starting from the Capital to Kunming out of the National Trunk Highway Networks. The starting point of the Expressway is near South of Wuding County, connected with the termination of the open Yongren to Wuding Expressway, ended at Xiaotun Interchange and connected with the 2nd Ring Road of Kunming, with a total length of 63.58km. The expressway is dual 4-lane in which there is 37.5km between Wuding to Fumin with a speed limit of 80km/h and 24.5m sub-grade width, and 26.1km between Fumin to Kunming with a speed limit of 100km/h and 26m sub-grade width. K35+580—K37+770 can be seen as transition area. There are 4 extra large bridges, 67 large & medium bridges, 4 small bridges (dual), 134 culverts (including pipe culverts), 4 interchanges and 4 tunnels in the expressway. Bridges & tunnels account for 42.06% of the total. Geology in the project area is complicated and difficult for construction is too big.
The starting and ending point, location of interchange, construction scale and standard, alignment, major controlling point and sensitive environment point of the project have coped with approved scheme from National Development & Reform Committee (NDRC), Ministry of Transport (MOT), Ministry of Water Resources and National Environment Protection Bureau. The complete environment and water protection details of the expressway are followed.
1. Approval and investment status of the project
1.1 Approval Followed the related regulations of highway construction, conservation of water
and soil scheme of the project was approved on December 22, 2006 with Shuibaohan[2006]548. A meeting on supplementary scheme of water and soil conservation was held in Kunming on August 10, 2009 and the report was submitted to Yunnan Provincial Water Resources Department. The Environment Impact Report was approved on April 12, 2007 with Huanshen[2007]148. On May 20, 2010, the Scheme of Environment Monitoring (water and soil) for Wuding to Kunming Expressway of Lanzhou to Mohan Highway for Western Development Corridor was approved with Yunjiaohuanbao[2010]222 by Yunnan Provincial Department of Transport (YPDOT). Please see details below.
Description Reference no. Approval unit A. time
Culture relics survey and assess report
Yunwenwuhan[2006]9
YN Provincial Culture Relics Bureau
February 13, 2006
Mineral resources assess report
Yunguotuzichu [2006]67
YNP Land Resources Dept.
April 20, 2006
Geology and disaster assess report
Evaluation report filing reform
YNP Land Resources Dept.
April 20, 2006
Water & soil conservation scheme
Shuibaohan [2006]548
Ministry of Water Resources
Dec. 22, 2006
Environment impact assess report
Huanshen[2007] 148
National Environmental Protection Administration
April 12, 2007
Land preliminary review application
Guotuyushenzi [2008]8
Ministry of Land and Resources (MOLR)
Jan. 24, 2008
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Project feasibility study report
Fagaijiaoyun [2008]1671
NDRC June 27,
2008
Earthquake safety assess
Yunzhenganping [2008]57
YNP Seismological Bureau
July 7, 2008
Preliminary design of two periods
Jiaogonglufa [2009]63
MOT Feb. 16,
2009
Detail design of two periods
Yunjiaojijian[
2009]253 YPDOT
2009 年 8 月
26 日
Forestry review acceptance
Linzixuzhun [2009]309
State Forestry Bureau Oct. 11,
2009
Land approval Guotuzihan[
2010]641 MOLR
August 17, 2010
Builder’s license
Jiaogonglushigon
gxuke[2010]
37
MOT Oct. 9, 2010
Supplementary scheme for water and
soil conservation
Review meeting in Kunming
Water Resources Dept. August 10, 22, 2009
Environment supervision (including
water)scheme
Yunjiaohuanbao
〔2010〕222 YPDOP
June 10, 2010
1.2 Investment The total budget for water and soil conservation of the project is RMB
113,614,840 Yuan, accounting for 2.21% of the total project cost (RMB 5.142 billion
Yuan). 76,545,333Yuan out of 113,614,840 Yuan can be seen in the main work and 37,069,510 Yuan was added in the new scheme. Investment for conservation of water and soil includes: engineering measurements 47,995,157Yuan, planting measurements 43,927,021Yuan, construction temporary protection 8,228,218Yuan,
independent 4,838,309 Yuan(covering supervising 670,000 Yuan and monitoring
720,000Yuan for conservation of water and soil) ,reserve 5,249,435Yuan and
facilities compensation 33,767Yuan. Budget for environment protection in the project is 635,302 Yuan, accounting for 1.26% of the total cost. As stipulated in the bidding documents, 0.5% of the total payment of the contractors’ will be set off for earnest money of the environment protection and they will be paid back gradually after acceptance and inspection of the works.
2. Management organization and practice of management system for environment protection, conservation of water and soil (EP&CWS)
2.1 Establishment of organization
In a bid to strengthen the work of EP&CWS during construction period, A Practice of Environment Protection and Conservation of Water and Soil for the Project was formulated by Yunnan Wukun Expressway Company (WKEC). Members and organization are as below:
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Team leader: Yang Yubao Deputy chief: Ma Fubin, Gao Guohong, Duan Menggui and Zan Chengzhong. Members are Li Honggang, Zhang Chunxiang, Xu Wanmin, Dai Ming, Zhao
Liang, Chen Li, Du Weifeng and Li Yeqiang. An office was established in Engineering and Quality Management Division for
the work. The chief of the office: Li Honggang Members are Xie Renjian, Zhuang Yonghe, Yang Yong, Chen Fakai, Wan
Jiahua, Zhao Bin, Li Ping (F), Xiao Ling and Xu Yu.
2.2 Regulations
WKEC has established perfect regulations for engineering construction. As one of the main works, EP&CWS was covered. To cope with the project management, a perfect set of practical regulations for bidding, construction and financing administrative measures have been gradually established. Letters of Responsibility for EP&CWS have been signed between WKEC and contractors. During the construction period, WKEC starts its management from the construction site, followed by comprehensive inspection of the contractors` work, including publicity and education, organizational measures, implementation of liabilities, site management and implementation of the contracts for EP&CWS. And the result can be seen as reward for the good and criticism & financial penalties for those in violation of the regulations. Usually, a full-time worker has being carried out his inspection work on the site.
2.3 Supervision management
The geological conditions for Wukun expressway project are noted for its deep
valleys, pieces rocks and landslide belt. Characteristics of the project like bridge
linking tunnel, high cutting, high filling, high slope, high masonry walls and great
protection works lead to more construction difficulties. The maximum cutting is
42m, the tallest pier of the bridge is 74m and landslide with special treatment is in
great quantity. At the very beginning of the construction, due to different contractors
and capacity differences of the workers, EP&CWS work has not been
emPHasized. Followed by completeness of the regulations, the work has been
enhanced gradually.
2.4 A summary of the education & training of EP&CWS
Followed by requirements of the project, Chongqing Transportation Scientific Research Design Institute Co., ltd China Merchants Group was authorized by WKEC to prepare Implementation Measures of Engineering Environment Supervision (EP&CWS) of the Wukun Expressway, and it was finished in May 2010. On May 20th, 2010, Implementation Measures of Engineering Environment Supervision (EP&CWS) of Wuding to Kunming Section of Lanzhou to Mohan Expressway of Western Development Corridor was approved by YPDOT (Yunjiaohuanbao[2010]222). In August 2010, a training seminar referred to EP&CWS supervision was carried out. Specialists come from Chongqing Transportation Scientific Research Design Institute Co., ltd China Merchants Group and Yunnan Province. Leaders from Environment Protection Department, Water Resources Department, YPDOT and local EP&CWS departments were invited. Trainees were from WKEC, supervising units and contractors, totally 130 persons.
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Training contents covered EP&CWS related laws and regulations and implementation measures of engineering environment supervision (EP&CWS).
2.5 EP&CWS responsibility
When WKEC signed contracts with civil contractors, EP&CWS Responsibilities were signed too. According to the contracts, WKEC carries out objective assessment for EP&CWS of the contractors each year.
3. Implementation measures for environment protection works
3.1 Ecology protection and construction measures
3.1.1 on access roads
Temporary drainage system was enhanced. Culverts and temporary bridges were constructed. Side ditches were cleaned. Woven bags were used in the widen road section and trees and grasses were planted on the side slope.
3.1.2 beyond the expressway
Construction of the expressway inevitably occupies some of the irrigation ditches and reservoirs. In a bid to minimize the effect to local people, some water pumps were used to help irrigate. And the contractors can meet all of the farmers’ need just for nothing.
3.1.3 within the expressway
Normally, arch grid protection is adopted in high side slope in which some planting bags were introduced. SNS soft protection was used in the steady geological conditional areas, while, anchor grid protection is needed for unsteady areas. Culverts were constructed for drainage in water collecting areas. Before completion of some of the sub-grade, water was collected for drainage. In land slide sections, the anti-slide piles would work for protection.
3.1.4 for construction camps
In the project area, villages are densely populated. Most of the contractors rent local houses as their construction camps.
3.1.5 Water surface accident protection on bridge floor and utilization of rain
In case transport vehicles with hazardous chemicals accident result with leakage of hazardous chemical into the water, some water collecting measures were done in some of the sensitive environmental zones like Shibei Reservoir, Xiyoudong Large Bridge and Wuguishan Interchange. Simultaneously, some measures such as sediment and oil removal were taken for regular rain water, especially in Wuguishan Interchange, rain water can be recycled for irrigation of the farmland. This helped to achieve the goal of environment pollution prevention and energy saving & emission reduction.
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Chart 1 Flow chart for water accident protection on bridge floor and rain collection
Chart 2 Profile of the water accident collection pond on bridge floor
Chart 3 Installation of water collection pipe of bridge floor
3.1.6 Roadside facilities for treatment and recycling of domestic sewage
Meane Biological Reactor (MBR) was introduced for treatment and recycling of domestic sewage in service area. It works as follows: firstly, all water in service area is collected; secondly, block and intercept big suspended solids and floating objects;
For irrigation Safe leakage
Hazardous leakage
Water on bridge floor Drain pipe
Collecting
pond
Collecting
pipe
Waiting for
professional
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thirdly, by adjusting water volume, domestic sewage will be hydrolyzed with help of anaerobion, that is preprocessing; the fifth, after anaerobic treatment, domestic sewage will be deeply treated with aerobiotic biochemical in aeration tank, chemical reaction can consume big amount of organic pollutant; the sixth, domestic sewage then goes into the MBR to be filtered, after sterilization, clean water is now ready.
The recycled water treated by MBR cannot be drunk. However, it can be used for landscape water body or irrigation of greening, and so on. Thus, two goals of domestic sewage treatment and water resources recycling can be achieved at one time.
Chart 4 Process flow diagram for MBR in service area
3.1.7 Noise treatment
Villages are densely populated in the project area. In many sections, the
expressway is quiet close to the villages. Noise pollution can be big problem there.
In this kind of section, sound barriers were considered in the design and have been
waiting for approval.
4. Follow-up design and implementation status for EP&CWS
4.1 follow-up designs for EP&CWS
The detail design of civil works of Wukun Expressway was approved by YPDOT on August 26, 2009 in which conservation of water and soil was concluded. The contractors have constructed according to the detail design. By far, most of the works for conservation of water and soil have been completed (rivers and ditches diversion, construction of catchwater and silt arrester), part of them are still in process of perfection.
Aim at the follow-up design of water resources protection, WKEC has done some adjustment combining progress and the site status. Some of them are as
Culture backflow
CLO2
pump
tank
CLO2 gen
MBR
Compressed
air
D.bacteria
Aeration machine
Aerator
pipe
Biochemical pool
Sludge backflow
grid
Adjust bio-p-tank
Domestic
sewage活污水
Compressed
air recycled
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below: three river-change sections(K49+196-+380、K49+609-+775、K49+820-
956) in Contract 10 have been added; Scheme of river-change was adjusted for
reducing resettlement in K39+683 and it is in design stage. To sum up, follow-up design of water resources protection is changeable. WKEC
will keep a principle of ―design, construction and putting into use at the same time‖ so as to enhance management of water resources protection and make sure EP&CWS to be well controlled.
4.2 How to put EP&CWS measures into practice
4.2.1General layout of EP&CWS measures and its main quantity
4.2.1.1Measures for main engineering and protection areas
4.2.1.1.1Engineering measures: drainage ditch 47136m, side ditch 29477m, catchwater M7.5, mortar rubble 643.5m3, river-change works with mortar rubble masonry stone & pieces stone 30571.6 m3, road-change project 5707.4m3, surface
soil cleaning 380,600m3,surface soil back-filling cleaning 317,700m3, cleaning 8.85
hm2.
4.2.1.1.2 Planting measures: grass seeds 363710 m2,grass sod 59087m2,
thick grass planting 44132m2,thin grass planting 33161m2,planting bags
61309m2,geogrid planting 11232m2,upper side slope planting 60981m2,lower
side slope planting 289081m2,tree-planting 49165 trees,bush-planting 792532
trees,climbing trees 3829; river-change grass-spraying 640m2,road-change grass-
spraying 4530m2。
4.2.1.1.3 Temporary protection works: plastic film 761,800 m2;soil bag
10568m;simple drainage ditch 1571m3;17 simple grit chamber; temporary
protection with grass-seed spraying 8.85 hm2。
4.2.1.2 Borrowing area protection
4.2.1.2.1 Works measures: catchwater 2479m, drainage ditch 5416m, chute
C20 concrete 39m3, 3 grit chamber, surface soil (back-filling) cleaning 650,000 万
m3,site cleaning 1.50 hm2。
4.2.1.2.2 Planting measures: tree-planting 11186 trees, bush-planting 51025
trees, grass seeds sowing 25100m2;tending of small trees 20.41hm2。
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4.2.1.2.3 Temporary protection works: soil bags 735m;simple drainage ditch
771m, 3 simple grit chamber, temporary protection with sowing grass seeds
1.50hm2。
Soil-borrowing from the borrowing area is in the process at present.
4.2.1.3 Protection measures of EP&CWS for muck piling
4.2.1.3.1 Works measures: 2052m wall. Due to forestry and fruit ranch the waste area was adjusted, length of muck piling was changed accordingly to 1189.77m and was completed.
4.2.1.3.2 Planting measures: tree-planting 22914trees, bush-planting 99987
trees, grass planting spraying 41900m2, tending of small trees 40.85hm2。
4.2.1.3.3 Temporary protection works: soil bag 5783m;temporary protection
with sowing grass seeds 9.47 hm2。
4.2.1.4 EP&CWS measures for access road
4.2.1.4.1 Works measures: simple drainage ditch 24110m。
4.2.1.4.2 Planting measures: tree-planting 12055 trees, bush-planting 12055
trees, grass-planting sowing 2.411hm2, tending of small trees 8.47hm2。
4.2.1.4.3 Temporary protection works: soil bag 2700m。
4.2.1.5 Specific measures for the site
4.2.1.5.1 For access road
Temporary drainage measures have been enhanced, that is: enhancing culverts; setting temporary bridge to enhance drainage of side ditch; back-filling with soil bag to enhance geology stability in widen access road area; grass planting with non-woven fabrics covering to guarantee side slope stability.
4.2.1.5.2 Measures for off-line areas
The project inevitably has occupied some of the irrigation ditches, reservoirs and canals. To guarantee fundamental interests of the villagers, water pumps have been used for irrigation. And all of the contractors are there to meet the farmers’ needs. Masangao canal is the important water supply source of reservoir and was occupied because of project construction. A temporary canal was
constructed to guarantee water volume. A mortar ditch of 1×1 with a length of
300m was constructed to guide water to the reservoir. A ditch of 2×3 with a length
of 550m was constructed near the second debris dam of waste area at K4+320 to prevent damage from the flood.
4.2.1.5.3 Measures for in-line areas
Normally, an arch-grid protection is adopted in high side slope areas in which
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some grasses or trees are planted. While, framed girder is introduced for unstable areas. Culvert was constructed for drainage in the areas with more collecting water. Before completion of some sub-grade, water was collected and then discharged. And slide-resistant piles are designed in the landslide areas.
4.2.1.6 EP&CWS measures for construction camps
Wukun expressway is more or less paralleled with old Kunlu highway where villages are densely populated. Most of the contractors rent the local houses as camps.
4.2.2 Implementing of borrowing & wasting areas
It is written in EP&CWS report of Yunnan Wukun Expressway that there are 15 borrowing & wasting areas, among them 12 wasting areas with a predicted volume of 1,365,616m3 and 3 borrowing areas with a predicted volume of 694,393m3. Whereas these five figures in the supplemental scheme could be seen as 32, 29, 9,851,700, 3 and 2,255,000m3. And due to farmland, fruit ranch, forestry land, safety and water resources, etc, in order to guarantee the balance of borrowing and wasting and prevent water and soil erosion, the five figures in actual construction are 23, 20, 8,072.770, 3 and 2,255,00. At present, all of them are about to be completed, and grasses & trees planting or rehabilitation will be followed so as to reduce damage to the environment.
Implementing of borrowing & wasting areas
no
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K8
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22
57
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30
m o
n
the
le
ft o
f
K1
+5
00
48
.67
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8
4
Ch
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Yun
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450m on the right of K19+700 5
5.5
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20
72
72
3900m on the left of K22+600 5
0.6
5
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5
Shaoyang Roads and
Bridges Construction
Co., Ltd
K22+800 ~K27+700
4 w
astin
g a
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100m on the left of K25+380 3
9.3
5
23
04
71
100m on the left of K25+500
15.31 23321
120m on the left of K27+000
23.82 48507
Tra
nsfe
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d t
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he
local g
ov.
30m on the left of K27+420
17.62 41164
Tra
nsfe
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local g
ov.
6
Erchu Co., Ltd. of China Railway
Tunnel Group
K27+700 ~K33+400
1
bo
rro
win
g
are
a
1000m on the right of K31+000
81.22 620000
1 wasting area
80m on the right of K29+500
20.08 14276 Used by WKEC
7
Henan Gaosu Luqiao Fazhan Gongcheng Co., Ltd.
K33+400 ~K39+600
1
bo
rro
win
g
are
a
950m on the right of K35+410
149.4 1351513
8
Erchu Co., Ltd. of China Railway
Tunnel Group
K39+600 ~K45+600
1 wasting area
700m on the left of K38+500
117.62 2514000
Workshop of the Industrial Park
1
bo
rro
win
g
are
a
150m on the left K42+560
65.69 288458
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9
Yunnan Highway & Bridge Co., Ltd.
0 Balanced by
filling and cutting
10
Xinjiang Kunlun Road & Dock Engineering Corporation
K49+196 ~K52+010
1 wasting area
K50+500 63.83 253143 Workshop
of the locals
11
China Railway 18 Bureau
Group Corporation
K52+010 ~K54+375.43
2 wasting areas
Left of K54+300 67.58 624738
Right of K54+500
151.27 609338
12
Yunnan Sunlight Road & Bridge Co.,
Ltd.
K54+357 ~K57+000
3 wasting areas
K1+000 of ramp A
46.62 700000
K+100 of ramp D
76.35 624817
K0+020 of ramp D
198 1265000
13
Sichuan Chuanjiao Road & Bridge Communication Co., Ltd.
K57+000~K59+000
56000 on the left
of K58+900 36.8 542077
14
Southwest Communication Construction Group Co., Ltd.
K59+000 ~K61+300
0 Sent to wasteyard of Kunming municipality
15
China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group Co., Ltd.
K61+300 ~K63+577.58
0 Sent to wasteyard of Kunming municipality
4.2.3 Implementation of drainage measures
4.2.3.1 The drainage works of the project are systematically with drainage ditches, side ditches and chute, etc. Road drainage works are necessary for sub-grade stability and smooth transport safety guarantee. They are main facilities for sub-grade and both sides of expressway to prevent water & soil erosion.
4.2.3.2 Complete drainage works and culverts of highway can guarantee stable sub-grade and smooth surface flow
4.2.3.3 In concave area of longitudinal section of the sub-grade or that with surface flow, moreover, near which one can find river, paddy field or pond, clay sand settling basin should be constructed on both sides of the sub-grade to reduce the speed of flow and stop mud and sands.
5. Implementation of environment protection, conservation of water & soil monitoring and supervision
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5.1 Monitoring for conservation of water & soil
The Yangtze River Basin Conservation of Water & Soil Inspection Center of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, authorized by WKEC, will carry out monitoring for conservation of water & soil for Wuding to Kunming Segment of Western Development Corridor Lanzhou to Mohan Highway. Monitoring contents and points will strictly follow the requirements of Conservation of Water & Soil Report.
So far, 10 monitoring reports have been finished and it resulted that conservation of water & soil for Wukun Expressway can meet national requirements.
5.2 Monitoring for environment protection
Authorized by WKEC, Environment Monitoring Center of Ministry of Transport will carry out environment protection monitoring for Wuding to Kunming Segment of Western Development Corridor Lanzhou to Mohan Highway. Monitoring contents and points will strictly follow the requirements of Environment Impact Report.
5.3 Environment protection monitoring
5.3.1monitoring points
Following the requirements of Environment Monitoring Implementation Plan of Wuding to Kunming Segment of Western Development Corridor Lanzhou to Mohan Highway on choosing supervision points, on the principle of emPHasizing points, combination of points and sections and reflecting overall picture of the project, some representative & sensitive points have been chosen under the consideration of topograPHy, geomorPHology and sub-grade height differences. The details of 2012 can be seen below.
Chart 1 Monitoring points
№ Target Chainage Name Location
1
Noise from the
construction site
K7+710 Yangliuhe Construction site
K11+660 Xiejiaying Construction site
K34+870 Xiaojiaying Construction site
K35+350 Kuinan Construction site
K35+580 Kuinan
Prinary school Construction site
K43+240 Sancun Construction site
K62+750 Yinjiacun Construction site
2 Environment
and air
K7+710 Yangliuhe
The roof of a row of houses nearest the road
K35+600 Kuinan
K43+200 Sancun
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3 Surface water
K53+650 Shalanghe 50m upstream and downstream of cross-river bridge
K30+700 Tanglangchuan
1. 5.3.1.1 Progress of environment monitoring points
As of the end of the 4th monitoring report (by the end of 2012), the progress of each point can be seen below
Chart 2 Progress of monitoring point
No Name Progress
1 Yangliuhe Most of the sub-grade has been completed, painting work is in progress, traffic & safety engineering works have not yet finished
2 Xiejiaying The left half section pavement was finished, cleaning work is in progress.
3 Xiaojiaying Sub-grade and pavement completed, cleaning and traffic & safety engineering work is in progress
4 Kuinan Cutting, filling and pavement for ramps of interchange are
in progress. Pavement of the main line has not started yet.
5 Kuinan Primary
School Pavement completed. Iron net installed. Expansion joint of bridges is in progress
6 Sancun Pavement has not started yet
7 Yinjiacun Pavement has not started yet
8 Tanglangchuan
river Pavement of the bridge is in progress
9 Shalanghe
river Pier works of bridge is in progress, T-beam installation has not started yet
2. 5.3.1.2 Monitoring basis
3. 5.3.1.2.1 Laws and regulations
(1)Environment Protection Act of People’s Republic of China(26 December
1989)
(2)Environment Protection Management Practice for Construction Project(
29 November 1998)
(3)National Environment Monitoring Management Practice(21 July 1983)
( 4 ) Monitoring Management Measures for Pollution sources (
Huanfa[1999]246)
YUNNAN WUKUN EXPRESSWAY COMPANY
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(5)Environment Protection Management Measures for Traffic Construction
Project(the 5th minister order of Ministry of Transport [2003])
4. 5.3.1.2.2 Technical specifications and criteria
( 1 ) Technical specifications for surface flow and sewage monitoring (
HJ/T91-2002)
(2)Quality criteria for surface flow environment(GB3838-2002)
(3)Quality guarantee manual for environment water quality monitoring(2nd
edition, 1994)
( 4 ) Technical specifications for environment monitoring ( on noise ,
November 1986)
(5)Analysis measures for water and sewage monitoring(the 4th edition)
(6)Analysis measures for air and waste air monitoring(the 4th edition)
(7)Quality criteria for sound environment(GB3096-2008)
(8)Manual monitoring specifications for environmental air quality(HJ/T194-
2005)
(9)Quality criteria for environmental air(GB3095-1996)
(10)Noise measuring methods for construction site(GB12524-1990)
( 11)Water quality - Measurement of PH - Glass electrode method (
GB6920-86)
(12)Water quality - Measurement of chemical oxygen demand - Dichromate
titration(GB11914-89)
(13)Water quality - Suspended matter - Gravimetric method(GB11901-89)
(14)Water quality - Measurement of oil and animal or vegetable oil - Infrared
luminosity method(GB/T16488-96)
(15)Environment air - Measurement of total suspended particulates - Gravimetric
method(GB/T15432-1995)
(16)Environment air - Measurement of nitrogen dioxide - Saltzman method(
GB/T15435-1995)
( 17 ) Environment air - Measurement of sulfur dioxide - Formaldehyde
absorption - Sub-rose aniline spectroPHotometry(HJ482-2009)
(18)Air quality - Measurement of carbon monoxide – Non-dispersive
intra-red method(GB9801-88)
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5. 5.3.1.2.3 Technical documents
(1)Environment Impact Report for Wuding to Kunming Segment of Lanzhou
to Mohan Highway upon Western Development Corridor, by Road Scientific Institute of Ministry of Transport in September 2006
(2)Environment Monitoring Implementation Plan for Wuding to Kunming
Segment of Lanzhou to Mohan Highway upon Western Development Corridor
(3)Supplemental Agreement of Environment Monitoring Technical Service
Contract for Wuding to Kunming Segment of Lanzhou to Mohan Highway upon Western Development Corridor, December 28, 2012
6. 5.3.1.3 Environment monitoring results and assessment for
construction period
Environment monitoring was carried out abide by terms from the two documents, one is Environment Impact Report for Wuding to Kunming Segment of Lanzhou to Mohan Highway upon Western Development Corridor, another is Environment Monitoring Implementation Plan for Wuding to Kunming Segment of Lanzhou to Mohan Highway upon Western Development Corridor.
7. 5.3.1.3.1 Sound environment
8. 5.3.1.3.1.1 Evaluation criteria
Sound evaluation criteria for highway construction site follows Noises Limiting
Value of Construction Site(GB12523-90), please see details below.
Chart 3 Noises Limiting Value of Construction Site(GB12523-90)
Period of construction
Main noise resources LAeq(dB)
day night
Cubic meter of earth & stone
Bulldozer, excavator and loader, etc. 75 55
piling Including all kinds 85 No working.
structure Concrete mixer, vibrating needle and
electronic saw, etc. 70 55
furnishing Crane and elevator etc. 65 55
9. 5.3.1.3.1.2 Monitoring result & evaluation
During the construction period of 2012, some 56 groups of data in 7 monitoring points have been carried out, 96.4% of them meet the requirements. All of the data were from the day-time monitoring because night work is prohibited. According to the requirements of Environment Monitoring Implementation Plan for Wuding to Kunming Highway Construction, a detailed comparison result can be seen below.
Chart 4 Noise monitoring result of the construction site
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Nam
e o
f mo
nito
ring
po
ints
LAeq(dB)
1st quarter 2nd quarter 3rd quarter 4th quarter
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Ya
ng
liuh
e
Ma
rch 2
5
49
.8
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ne
29
51
.9
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 21
55
.0
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
0
64
.8
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ma
rch 2
6
43
.6
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ne
30
62
.0
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 22
52
.7
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
1
60
.4
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Xie
jiayin
g
Ma
rch 2
5
72
.5
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ne
29
58
.7
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 21
60
.9
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
1
58
.1
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ma
rch 2
6
57
.2
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ne
30
54
.1
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 22
59
.4
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
2
57
.2
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Xia
ojia
yin
g
Ma
rch 2
0
61
.1
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ne
29
58
.8
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 21
54
.2
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
1
58
.6
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ma
rch 2
1
64
.4
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ne
30
53
.7
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 22
52
.2
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
1
57
.8
70
qu
alifie
d
/
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Nam
e o
f mo
nito
ring
po
ints
LAeq(dB)
1st quarter 2nd quarter 3rd quarter 4th quarter
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Ku
inan
Ma
rch 2
0
51
.7
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ne
29
58
.0
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r
21
55
.7
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry
20
62
.5
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ma
rch 2
1
51
.5
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ly 1
5
52
.3
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 22
49
.5
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
1
57
.5
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Ku
ina
Prim
ary
Sch
oo
ol
Ma
rch 2
0
41
.6
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ly 1
4
50
.6
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 21
42
.2
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
0
58
.8
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ma
rch 2
1
58
.3
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ly 1
5
48
.2
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 22
41
.9
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
1
57
.6
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Sa
ncun
Ma
rch 2
0
58
.3
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ly 1
4
52
.2
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 21
48
.0
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
0
58
.2
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ma
rch 2
1
67
.2
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ly 1
5
63
.0
75
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r 22
50
.7
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry 2
1
58
.6
65
qu
alifie
d
/
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Nam
e o
f mo
nito
ring
po
ints
LAeq(dB)
1st quarter 2nd quarter 3rd quarter 4th quarter
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Date
Mo
nito
ring
va
lue
Eva
lua
tion
crite
ria
Eva
lua
tion
resu
lt
Exce
ed
ing
ratio
Yin
jiacu
n
Ma
rch 2
0
59
.4
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ly 1
4
57
.4
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r
21
69
.3
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry
20
69
.3
65
qu
alifie
d
0.0
7
Ma
rch 2
1
57
.0
70
qu
alifie
d
/
Ju
ly 1
5
58
.5
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Octo
be
r
22
53
.8
65
qu
alifie
d
/
Ja
nua
ry
21
68
.4
65
qu
alifie
d
0.0
5
One can find from Chart 4 and 2 that,
In 2012, all of the noise monitoring value from 7 points are between 41.6~
72.5dB. Most of the values can satisfy requirements of Noise Limits of Construction
Site(GB12523-90)except that from Yinjiacun point in the 4th quarter.
There were no any construction activities in Yinjiacun point in the 4th quarter during the monitoring period. The reason caused the result is that one enterprise from right side of the bridge was working at that time, and the sound of engines from large transportation vehicles made noises; Moreover, one household was building house nearby and caused noises.
To sum it up, there were less construction activities in the first half of 2012 and less large vehicles & plants, they were in the 2nd half of it. Many pavement equipments were used in the section between Wuding to Kunming. All of the contractors arranged their work in the daytime to avoid interruption to the villagers. Thus, noise pollution to local residents has been well controlled.
10. 5.3.1.3.2 Environment air
11. 5.3.1.3.2.1 Evaluation criteria
Air quality evaluation criteria of project area follows the 2nd standard of
Environment Air Quality Criteria(GB3095 -1996)and modification notice from
huanfa[2000]1 issued by State Environment Protection Administration. Please see details as below.
Chart 5 Environment air quality criteria(GB3095-1996) Unit:mg/m3
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Name of pollutant time the 2nd standard (mg)
TSP Daily average (DA) 0.30
NO2 Daily average 0.12
SO2 Daily average 0.15
CO Daily average 4.00
12. 5.3.1.3.2.2 Monitoring result and evaluation
According to the requirements of Environment Monitoring Plan for Wuding to Kunming Segment of Lanzhou to Mohan Highway upon Western Development Corridor, environment quality has been monitored for two times in 2012 among them sulfur dioxide and carbonic oxide have been monitored for one time, please see details in Chart 6. And all other details in every monitoring point can be seen in Chart 7 and 8.
Chart 6 Monitoring result for environment air quality Unit:mg/m3
Monitoring point
Tim TSP(DA) NO2(DA) SO2(DA) CO(DA) weather
Yangliuhe
March 24 0.10 0.08 / / sunny
March 25 0.14 0.04 / / sunny
March 26 0.12 0.07 / / sunny
January 19
0.162 0.032 0.013 0.84 sunny
January 20
0.156 0.032 0.012 0.88 sunny
January 21
0.157 0.031 0.014 0.79 sunny
Kuinan
March 20 0.18 0.05 / / sunny
March 21 0.15 0.03 / / sunny
March 22 0.20 0.05 / / sunny
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Monitoring point
Tim TSP(DA) NO2(DA) SO2(DA) CO(DA) weather
January 19
0.163 0.032 0.013 0.90 sunny
January 20
0.157 0.030 0.013 0.88 sunny
January 21
0.159 0.031 0.014 0.83 sunny
Sancun
March 20 0.10 0.09 / / sunny
March 21 0.12 0.08 / / sunny
March 22 0.07 0.05 / / sunny
January 19
0.159 0.032 0.012 0.86 sunny
January 20
0.158 0.030 0.013 0.86 sunny
January 21
0.162 0.030 0.013 0.83 sunny
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
3月20日
3月21日
3月22日
1月19日
1月20日
1月21日
3月20日
3月21日
3月22日
1月19日
1月20日
1月21日
3月24日
3月25日
3月26日
1月19日
1月20日
1月21日
三村(K43+240) 奎南(K35+350) 杨柳河(K7+710)
mg/m3 TSP NO2
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Chart 7 Distribution diagram of TSP & NO2 in every monitoring point(2012)
Chart 8 Distribution diagram of SO2 & CO in every monitoring point(2012)
It resulted from chart 6, 7 and 8 that,
During the construction in 2012, 54 monitoring results of environment air quality in 3 monitoring points have been done and all of which were qualified.
All of the monitoring indicators in Yangliuhe, Kuinan and Sancun can meet
the requirements of Environment Air Quality Standard(GB3095-1996), with
TSP 0.07~0.20mg/m3, NO2 0.03~0.09mg/m3, SO2 0.012~0.014mg/m3 and CO
0.79~0.90mg/m3.
As of the end of 2012, most of the sub-grade construction has been completed, with only small part of excavation and filling left. Pavement work has caused less dirt, and less affect to the environment. This small amount of dirt pollution can be controlled with adequate watering. Analysis from the monitoring value this year revealed that local environment air has been affected by engineering construction in a mild way.
13. 5.3.1.3.3 Water environment
14. 5.3.1.3.3.1 Evaluation criteria
Along the project, there are two rivers crossing. One is Shalanghe River at K53+650 monitored with reference to class 2 of Surface Flow Environment Quality
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1月19日 1月20日 1月21日 1月19日 1月20日 1月21日 1月19日 1月20日 1月21日
三村(K43+240) 奎南(K35+350) 杨柳河(K7+710)
mg/m3 SO2 CO
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Criteria (GB3838-2002), and suspended solids reference to class 2 of Surface
Flow Water Resources Quality Criteria ( SL63-93 ) from Ministry of Water
Resources; Another is Tanglangchuan River at K30+700 monitored with reference
to class 5 of Surface Flow Water Resources Quality Criteria(GB3838-2002), and
suspended solids reference to class 4 of Surface Flow Water Resources Quality
Criteria(SL63-94). Please see details below.
Chart 9 Environment quality standard limit for surface flow unit:
mg/L(except PH)
Evaluation criteria PH COD Oil
type SS
Class 2 of Surface Flow Environment Quality
Standard(GB3838-2002) 6~9 ≤15 ≤0.05 /
Class 5 of Surface Flow Environment Quality
Standard(GB3838-2002) 6~9 ≤40 ≤1.0 /
Class 2 of Surface Flow Environment Quality
Standard(SL63-93) / / / ≤25
Class 4 of Surface Flow Environment Quality
Standard(SL63-93) / / / ≤60
15. 5.3.1.3.3.2 Monitoring result and evaluation
In 2012, monitoring for surface flow was carried out for 2 times and 64 monitoring results among them 4 are unqualified with a qualification ratio 94%. Please see monitoring results in Chart 8 & 9 and each monitoring section comparison in Chart 12 and 13.
Chart 10 Monitoring results for Shanlanghe River water unit:
mg/L(except PH)
Name and chainage
time place PH COD SS Oil type
Shalanghe River at
K53+650
October 21
50m upperstream
8.4 <10 4 <0.05
50m downstream
8.5 <10 6 <0.05
October 22
50m upperstream
8.2 <10 6 <0.05
50m downstream
8.2 <10 7 <0.05
January 18
50m upperstream
8.3 <10 16 0.01L
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50m downstream
8.3 11 18 0.01L
January 19
50m upperstream
8.3 11 16 0.01L
50m downstream
8.3 13 19 0.01L
Class 2 of Environment Quality
Standard for Surface Flow(GB3838-
2002)
6~9 ≤15 / ≤0.05
Class 2 of Quality Standard for Surface
Flow Water Resources(SL63-93) / / ≤25 /
Evaluation result qualified qualified qualified qualified
Notes : When the calculated COD is less than 10mg/L, it is shown as
―<10mg/L‖.
If the result is lower than inspection limit, give the result and mark with ―L‖
Chart 11 Monitoring result for Tanglangchuan River water quality
Unit: mg/L(except PH)
Name and chainage
time place PH COD SS Oil type
Tanglangchuan River at K30+700
October 21
50m upperstream
6.7 35 82 0.06
50m downstream
6.6 33 77 0.06
October 22
50m upperstream
6.6 34 74 0.05
50m downstream
6.6 37 79 0.05
January 18
50m upperstream
6.9 32 32 0.01L
50m downstream
6.8 37 35 0.01L
January 19
50m upperstream
6.9 35 31 0.01L
50m downstream
6.8 37 36 0.01L
Class 5 of Environment Quality
Standard for Surface Flow Water(
GB3838-2002)
6~9 ≤40 / ≤1.0
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Class 4 of Quality Standard for Surface
Flow Water Resources(SL63-93) / / ≤60 /
Evaluation result qualified qualified qualified qualified
Chart 12 PH, COD, SS Monitoring S-curve for Shalanghe River quality
02468
101214161820
上游50m 下游50m 上游50m 下游50m 上游50m 下游50m 上游50m 下游50m
10月21日 10月22日 1月18日 1月19日
沙朗河
mg/L(pH除外) pH COD SS
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Chart 13 PH, COD, SS Monitoring S-curve for Tanglangchuan River quality
Chart 14 Oil type S-curve for Shalanghe and Tanglangchuan River
We got from the above 4 charts:
From October 2012 to January 2013, all of the monitoring indicators from Shalanghe River can satisfy the requirements of class 2 of Surface Flow Water
Environment Quality Standard(GB3838 -2002)and class 2 of Surface Flow Water
Resources Quality Standard (SL63-93); all of the indicators from Tanglangchuan
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
上游50m 下游50m 上游50m 下游50m 上游50m 下游50m 上游50m 下游50m
10月21日 10月22日 1月18日 1月19日
螳螂川
mg/L(pH除外) pH COD SS
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
上游
50m
下游
50m
上游
50m
下游
50m
上游
50m
下游
50m
上游
50m
下游
50m
上游
50m
下游
50m
上游
50m
下游
50m
上游
50m
下游
50m
上游
50m
下游
50m
10月21日 10月22日 1月18日 1月19日 10月21日 10月22日 1月18日 1月19日
沙朗河 螳螂川
mg/L 石油类
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River can satisfy the requirements of class 5 of Surface Water Environment Quality
Standard(GB3838-2002); the third quarterly suspended matter concentration at
Tanglangchuan River exceeds the requirement of Surface Flow Water Resources
Quality Standard (SL63-93)with a percentage of 23%~37%.
During the 3rd quarter, water of Tanglangchuan River was very dirty with white froth of foam on the water surface. Most of over-pass construction of Tanglangchuan River is finished and about to be moved to next process. The work is suspended now. A review of the monitoring indicators from upperstream and downstream of the over-pass can be seen that small changes happened to PH, COD, SS and oil type. Monitoring result of the 3rd quarter shows minimal inhibitory concentration of water.
5.3.2. Conclusion of monitoring
As of the end of 2012, the first segment from Wuding to Fumin of Wukun expressway is facing its completion. All of the environment protection measures in the Environment Evaluation Report have been gradually implemented. However, rehabilitation of construction sites, excavation areas and waste disposal areas should be strengthened to avoid water & soil erosion. And construction waste should be cleaned to avoid secondary pollution and damages.
6. Water and soil conservation monitoring
Monitoring principles and objectives
6.1 Monitoring principles
Following related technical standards of Monitoring Technology Regulations of
Water and Soil Reservation, using multiple measures and methods, dynamic
monitoring and analysis for cause, quantity, strength and impact scope of water &
soil erosion and effect of water and soil conservation has been carried out. In a bid
to reflect status of water & soil erosion and its protection caused by the project,
understand all of the impact caused by water and soil conservation projects and
analyze protection effect of water & soil conservation projects, the following
monitoring principles have been raised.
6.1.1 A combination of overall monitoring & choice monitoring
Combining engineering characteristics and its actual situation, overall
monitoring for total project should be followed by choice monitoring for serious areas
of water & soil erosion so as to know how to act according to the information. Thus,
in a bid to minimize water & soil erosion caused by construction, some timely and
effective measures should be taken.
6.1.2 Multiple ways of monitoring
All information covering background & dynamic data, strength & degree of
water and soil erosion should be acquired in a timely manner by adopting ground-
based observation, investigation monitoring and patrol monitoring. Multiple ways
of monitoring is a guarantee of veracity, reliability and comparability for monitoring
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results and their mutual help & inspection. The main combinations are of normal
ways and advanced technologies; periodic census and continuous positioning
observation; overall patrol, typical survey and sample testing.
6.1.3 Combination of positioning observation and temporary observation
Ground-based monitoring was proposed as the main way of project monitoring.
Due to the characteristics of greater disturbing area, changeable geology of the
alignment and periodic construction time, a combination of positioning observation
and temporary observation for ground-based monitoring was adopted. Besides,
after setting fixed observation point referring to regional water & soil conservation
features, temporary observation points were set according to progress of project,
local weather, topography and geology so as to widen monitoring coverage.
6.1.4 A principle of feasible & operational technology and economy
There are different characteristics of water & soil erosion in different
construction areas. Therefore, a way of monitoring with feasible & operational
technology and economy was chosen under consideration of status of project
construction, current situation of water & soil erosion and its predicted result.
B. 6.2 Monitoring objective
Monitor volume of water and soil erosion by combining status of project
construction and characteristics of water and soil erosion;
Analyze changes occurred in the monitoring point caused by water and soil
erosion;
Assess impact to ecological environment of project areas caused by water &
soil erosion;
Monitor and analyze benefits from water and soil conservation;
Evaluate implementation effect of water & soil conservation plans;
Timely raise water and soil erosion protection suggestions according to
monitoring result;
Provide basis for check and inspection of the project with characteristics of
project and actual monitoring result, monitoring brief, annual monitoring reports
and final report of monitoring.
II. 7. MONITORING CONTENT AND METHOD OF THIS YEAR
A. 7.1 Monitoring content of this year
This period of monitoring is a preliminary investigation, its content covers:
7.1.1 Basic investigation along the project including alignment, temporary
access road and waste disposal area, etc.
7.1.2 Investigation of project progress including completion of bridges and
tunnels, progress of construction and usage of waste disposal areas;
7.1.3 Background investigation of water and soil erosion in project area
including design, type, degree and its basic information;
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7.1.4 Information collection including all related documents;
7.1.5 Investigation of water and soil erosion along the project. Because the
construction has been commenced, investigation of water and soil erosion to the
alignment should be done for choice of monitoring points, monitoring methods and
monitoring period.
7.1.6 Reflect problems existed in water and soil erosion protection of the total
project and provide advice and suggestion.
1. 7.2 Emphasize on monitoring of important section and point
For the purpose of carrying out monitoring of conservation of water and soil
erosion, this plan follows a way of combination by regular time on a regular basis
towards every monitoring point. Moreover, patrol and position-monitoring to big
cutting, filling, borrowing, wasting areas and temporary access road is necessary.
B. 7.3 Monitoring methods
Monitoring will be done on investigation basis
Basic information of the project is gathered by survey, investigation, visit and
information analysis; basic data is gathered by measurement of GPS and laser
range finder; and problems existed will be shown by video and water & soil erosion
protection work.
III. MONITORING RESULT OF THIS YEAR
A. Contract No.1
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.1 is
K0+000~K8+200 with total cutting of 1.25 million m3, filling of 0.75 million m3,
wasting of 0.5 million m3, 8 bridges and 2 disposal grounds(K4+320、K6+660)
.There are no borrowing areas here and all of the masonry needs to be purchased.
B. Contract No.2
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.2 is
K8+200~K14+500 with total cutting of 0.5 million m3, filling of 0.3 million m3, another
0.2 million m3 borrowing is needed, wasting of 0.4 million m3, 9 bridges and 1
disposal ground(K8+560).The required masonry needs to be purchased.
C. Contract No.3
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.3 is
K14+500~K18+000 with total cutting of 0.62 million m3(all from Madiqing tunnel),
wasting of about 0.62 million m3, 2 small bridges , 1 tunnel, and 2 disposal grounds
(at the entrance and the exit of the tunnel).There are no borrowing areas here
and all of the masonry needs to be purchased.
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D. Contract No.4
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.4 is
K18+000~K22+800 with total cutting of 0.89 million m3, filling of 0.12 million m3,
wasting of 0.77 million m3, 9 bridges and 3 disposal grounds(2 were used at
K19+200 and K20+300).There are no borrowing areas here and all of the masonry
needs to be purchased.
E. Contract No.5
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.5 is
K22+800~K27+700 with total cutting of 1.2 million m3, filling of 0.4 million m3,
wasting of 0.8 million m3, 10 bridges and 4 disposal grounds(one of them was
used at K25+500).There are no borrowing areas here and all of the masonry
needs to be purchased.
F. Contract No.6
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.6 is
K27+700~K33+400 with total cutting of 0.2 million m3, filling of 0.5 million m3,
wasting of 0.16 million m3, another 0.46 million m3 should be borrowed, 9 bridges
(crossing Tanglangchuan River 3 times) and 1 tunnel(at K29+270~K29+568 with a
total length of 298m).There are no borrowing areas and disposal areas now and all
of the masonry needs to be purchased.
G. Contract No.7
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.7 is
K33+400~K39+600 with total cutting of 1.7 million m3 (0.4 million m3 cutting can be
used in construction of Fumin Industrial Park), filling of 0.9 million m3, wasting of 0.5
million m3, 13 bridges. There are no borrowing areas and disposal areas now and all
of the masonry needs to be purchased.
H. Contract No.8
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.8 is
K39+600~K45+600 with 10 bridges and 1 disposal area (K45+900). There is big
amount of filling here. All of the masonry needs to be purchased.
I. Contract No.9
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.9 is
K45+600~K49+196 with total cutting of 0.44 million m3, filling of 0.37 million m3,
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wasting of 0.07 million m3, 5 bridges and 1 tunnel ( Ercun tunnel at
K46+550~K46+892 with a total length of 342m).There are no borrowing areas and
quarry here and all of the masonry needs to be purchased.
J. Contract No.10
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.10 is
K49+196~K52+010 with total cutting of 0.31 million m3, filling of 3000 m3, wasting of
0.3 million m3, 4 bridges (crossing Shalanghe River 2 times) and 2 disposal areas.
There are no borrowing areas and quarry here and all of the masonry needs to be
purchased.
K. Contract No.11
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.11 is
K52+010~K54+450.38 with total cutting of 0.82 million m3, no filling, wasting of 0.82
million m3, 1 bridges, 1 tunnel and 2 planed disposal areas. There are no borrowing
areas and quarry and all of the masonry needs to be purchased.
L. Contract No.12
The contractor was mobilized at the beginning of 2010. Chainage of contract
no.12 is K54+450.38~K57+000 with total cutting of 3.375 million m3, filling of
176,900 m3, wasting of 3.1981 million m3, 1 interchange, 1 planed disposal area.
There are no borrowing areas and quarry and all of the masonry needs to be
purchased.
M. Contract No.13
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.13 is
K57+000~K59+000 with total cutting of 0.64 million m3, filling of 115,000 m3, wasting
of 0.525 million m3, 2 bridges, 1 planed disposal area (K59+000). There are no
borrowing areas and quarry and all of the masonry needs to be purchased. The
temporary land for construction was hired.
N. Contract No.14
The contractor was mobilized at the beginning of 2010. Chainage of contract
no.14 is K59+000~K61+300 with total wasting of 0.1 million m3 and 3 bridges. There
are no disposal areas, borrowing areas and quarry and all of the masonry needs to
be purchased. The temporary construction land was hired. Wasting should be
followed regulations of the city and transported to the specified disposal area of
Kunming municipality.
O. Contract No.15
The contractor was mobilized at the end of 2009. Chainage of contract no.14 is
K61+300~K63+577.58 with total wasting of 60,000 m3 and 1 bridge. There are no
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disposal areas, borrowing areas and quarry and all of the masonry needs to be
purchased. The temporary construction land was hired. Wasting should be followed
regulations of the city and transported to the specified disposal ground of Kunming
municipality.
IV. 7.4 PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTIONS
Based on monitoring result, most of the contractors advance slowly in progress
mainly because of land acquisition and resettlement. Considering conservation of
water and soil, the main problems and suggestions of the project are as below.
7.4.1 Due to large quantity of the project and long alignment, considering
conservation of water and soil, all of the contractors should protect the landform and
keep the nature of it as possible. Moreover, before wasting and disposal, protection
at the disposal areas must be fulfilled so as to minimize water and soil erosion due
to the construction;
7.4.2 There are not complete measures of conservation of water and soil in a
few disposal areas, and the contractors were advised to make it up (walls and
drainage system, etc.);
7.4.3 To avoid water and soil erosion, an eye should be put on the crossing-
river or near-the-river areas to supervise the contractor not to dump excavation or
disposal into the river. Full-time workers should be appointed to patrol these areas
and they take the responsibility to achieve the goal;
7.4.4 For the river-change section, advance consent should be got from the
local Water Resources Department and implement according to their suggestions;
7.4.5 In the borrowing areas, ways of mining should be emphasized. Try as
possible to minimize cutting area to minimize damages. In addition, to avoid steep
high side-slope, plain stage of slope should be considered for preparation of future
grass or tree planting;
7.4.6 Patrol to high-filling and high-cutting areas should be emphasized to
monitor their stability. Slopes with hidden danger should be registered. When
construction is in its full wind, some warning signs should be set at the sections with
high side slope to avoid safety accident; and
7.4.7 Provisional measures should be strengthened in raining season. Some
soil drainage ditches should be prepared as possible to guarantee a smooth
temporary access road. Provisional measures can also serve to minimize damages
to temporary access road, side slope etc. from the rain and reduce newly added
water and soil erosion.
V. 7.5 MONITORING ARRANGEMENT
A. Implementation organization
In order to complete monitoring of conservation of water and soil with a way of
high quality and efficiency, when the monitoring unit accepted the task, a project
team of conservation of water and soil monitoring was set up simultaneously.
According to actual project situation, a detailed monitoring arrangement was set and
everybody has his responsibility.
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B. 7.6 Monitoring arrangement for the coming period
Based on the progress of conservation of water and soil in this period, the key
of the next period is included in the followed two parts:
Firstly, based on the progress of construction, trace the important areas of
serious water and soil erosion like disposal areas and monitor them on emphasis;
and
Secondly, based on the progress of construction, positioning for conservation of
water and soil according to the requirement of water and soil conservation
monitoring was set.
To sum up, concerned by governments at all levels and supported by the
people, conservation of water and soil of Yunnan Wukun expressway construction
project has been well controlled.
8. Culture relic protection
It is written in 3.2.2 (utilization of resources in the affected areas of the project)
of the Environment Report on culture relic at different period may exist in the project
area. The truth is, the graveyard from Bronze Age was found in Wanjiacun village in
contract no. 8 in 2011. On finding of this, we stopped work and informed the culture
relic department of the county. On July 15, 2011, an agreement on Technical
Service Contract on Archaeological Excavation for Graveyard from Bronze Age in
Wanjiacun Village at Wukun Expressway was signed, with duration of 90 days and
contract amount of RMB 83,580.00Yuan. It resulted that some culture relic from
Bronze Age was discovered and transferred to the related department.
9. Tree-protection
During the construction of Wukun expressway, environment and ecology
protection have been emphasized. The aged trees (especially those more than 100
years old) have been protected at the same places or transplanted to other places
by the local residents. For example, aged trees at the entrance of Madiqing Tunnel
in contract No.3, at the ramp of Luomian Interchange of contract No. 5 and at cliff in
contract No. 10 have all been protected, and all of these become beautiful scenery
of Wukun expressway project.
10. Cultural landscape construction has been enhanced
10.1 Construction thought
Following the construction idea of Safety & Quality, Integrity, Pragmatic &
Efficient and Harmony, culture landscape construction of Wukun expressway project
has been carried out as follows:
10.1.1 Implement the guidance and requirement from provincial party
committee, YPDOT and YHDIC;
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10.1.2 Implement the idea of Characteristic Culture Content and Economic
Landscape Construction;
10.1.3 Implement the idea of Coordination among Road, Natural Environment,
Culture Landscape and Engineering & Operation Safety.
10.2 Content of culture landscape construction
10.2.1Highlight traffic transportation culture, show some regional & historic and
ethnic & folk culture.
Put ahead Yunnan road transportation culture and the service brand of Smooth
Transportation and Harmonious Society from YHDIC. Show some regional culture of
history, ethnic minority, custom and ancient Yunnan.
10.2.2 Keys of culture construction
10.2.2.1In the service areas, highlight road transportation culture (especially
West Yunnan road culture) and the service brand of Smooth Transportation and
Harmonious Society from YHDIC, show some regional historic culture. Keep the
basis of service area function with overall plan of organic combination.
10.2.2.2 Integrated tunnel culture landscape with regional feature culture, and
coped with surrounding environment.
10.2.2.3 Show the names of bridges with art
10.3 Construction principle
10.3.1 Safety and smoothness
10.3.2 Zoology stressed
10.3.3 Culture involved
10.3.4 Economic & practical
10.3.5 Integrated function
10.4 Cultural formulation
10.4.1 Road transportation culture
10.4.1.1 Ancient Tea Route
10.4.1.2 Construction culture of Wukun expressway
10.4.1.3 Enterprise culture of YHDIC
10.4.2 Regional historic culture
10.4.2.1 Wuding——The greatest story of Yi nationality(Luo Wu Liu Fang)
10.4.2.2 Fumin——key of North Yunnan (Dian Bei Yao Shi)
10.4.2.3 Kunmin——Spring City (Chun Cheng Cai Lian)
10.4.3 Ethnic minority and custom culture
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Along Wukun expressway project, ethnic minority groups are densely populated, namely Yi, Miao, Hui, etc. In some of the road sections, some typical ethnic minority factors can be seen in the design.
11. Supervision of environment protection, conservation of water and soil
The third party is responsible for supervision of the project. Beijing Huahong Engineering Supervision Company and Yunnan Provincial Road Engineering Supervision Consultant Company are the two contractors. The two companies will carry out environment protection, conservation of water and soil according to Supervision Service Agreement.
11.1 Implementation Plan of Project Environment Monitoring (environment protection and water resources protection) has been approved by YPDOT (Yunjiaohuanbao [2010]222). The contractors have established their supervision organization according to the requirement of the Plan.
11.2 The important areas for environment protection, conservation of water and soil have been confirmed, including village schools, rivers, large & extra large bridges, high cutting & high filling sub-grade, unfavorable geology, tunnels, transferred old roads, borrowing and wasting areas, quarries, pre-casting yards, mixing grounds, temporary access roads and camps, etc. Some of the sensitive points provided by the contractors have also been supervised and the inspection to these points will be carried out in routine supervision.
11.3 The detailed rules of implementation for environment protection, water resources protection have been formulated. During the construction period of item project, the environment protection and water resources protection engineers have patrolled the contractors for all of the potential factors that may cause effect to the environment and water & soil erosion. They have stood-by and inspected the whole process of the total construction procedures, too. Environment protection and water & soil protection has been regarded as part of routine work of the engineering supervision and thus conservation of water and soil has been controlled.
11.4 Measurement for conservation of water and soil has been done as part of the civil work. For the whole project, all of the completed projects have been strictly inspected and evaluated according to the evaluation criteria of road engineering quality inspection and all of the requirements have been met, the projects are as follows, biological protection 16345m2, dam protection for wasting areas 95%,
cofferdam 6324m, catchwater and drainage ditches 90%m,earth bag 9245m.The
total cost for water resources and environment protection is about 113,614,840
Yuan,among them 76,545,330 Yuan has been in the list and 63,450,000 Yuan has
been finished now, accounting for 85% of the total.
12. Approval for big variation of environment protection, conservation of water & soil design and measures
Special design for water resources protection of Yunnan Wukun expressway project has been under approval from YPDOT. Special design for environment
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protection has been doing. Up to now, there have been no big aviations for environment protection and conservation of water & soil measures.
13. Scientific research task and application of environment protection
There are three scientific research tasks of environment protection for Yunnan Wukun expressway project, namely as,
1. Key technological research of tunnel construction in mountainous regions and environment protection, the research of this has been completed and approved;
2. Extension research of planting isolation technology, preliminary work for acceptance has been completed and ready for acceptance;
3. Application research of glass fibre reinforcement materials using in bridge deck slab (application research of GFRP taking place of steel fabric), related information has been collecting.
14. General evaluation
Led by WKEC, following Conservation of Water & Soil Plan and Engineering
Project Construction Management Measures formulated by WKEC, all of the
contractors have carried out the work of water protection and environment
protection accordingly.
All of the contractors have finished most of the environment and water
resources protection work by following measurement of environment and water
resources protection approved with guarantee of staff and organization.
The principle of First-block Second-waste and Three Same-time have been
followed in the wasting areas; quality of the blocking facilities have made the role of
conservation of water and soil; planting and farmland protection have been done
nice job by every contractor.
To sum it up, environment protection, conservation of water and soil have been
under control in Yunnan Wukun expressway construction project.
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Figure 1 Location of Yunnan Wukun Expressay
Figure 2 Culture landscape-design of Madiqing Tunnel entrance
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Figure 3 Culture landscape-name of the bridge
Figure 4 One of the tourist propaganda in Fumin
One of the tourist propaganda in Fumin
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Figure 5 Culture landscape-Dasanlong Tunnel entrance
Figure 6 Water spraying for dust pollution prevention during construction period
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Figure 7 Yunnan Wukun Expressway project
Figure 8 Irrigation ditch for local farmers
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Figure 9 Protection for wasting area
Figure 10 Transferred local road crossing Wukun Expressway
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Transferred local road crossing Wukun Expressway
Figure 11 Newly built resettlement site
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Figure 12 Culture landscape
Figure 13 Treatment of high side slope
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Figure 14 Greening for side slope
Figure 15 Grape yards near the project
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Figure 16 River-transferred project
Figure 17 Temporary protection of bridge pile-digging
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Temporary protection of bridge pile-digging
Figure 18 Ancient tree protection