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JAIPURNATIONALUNIVERSITY
EMULSIFICATION PROCESS AND
DE-EMULSIFICATION
TECHNIQUES
SUBMITTED TO- PRESENTED BY-
Mrs. Kalpana sharma Deovrat Kumar (!"-#$%
Dr. Su&h'r ar)
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CONTENT
Emulsion and de-emulsion Water in oil emulsion
Types of emulsion
Formation of emulsion
De-emulsion
De-stablizing emulsion
Mechanism involved in de-emulsification
Methods of emulsion breaking
Desalter and other methods
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Emulsion And Emulsifcation
*n emuls'on 's a &'spers'on (&roplets% o+
one l',u'& 'n another 'mm's'le l',u'&.
The phase that 's present 'n the +orm o+
&roplets 's the &'sperse& or 'nternalphase/ an& the phase 'n 0h'h the
&roplets are suspen&e& 's alle& the
ont'nuous or e1ternal phase. Emuls'on our 'n almost all phases o+
o'l pro&ut'on an& proess'n).
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Water in Oil Emulsion
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Types O Emulsion
Pro&ue& o'l+'el& emuls'ons an
elass'+'e& 'nto three roa& )roups2
3ater-'n-o'l
O'l-'n-0ater
Mult'ple or omple1 emuls'ons
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Formation O Emulsion
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De-emulsifcation
De-emuls'+'at'on 's the rea4'n) o+ a
ru&e o'l emuls'on 'nto o'l an& 0ater
phases. Three aspets o+ &e-
emuls'+'at'on2 Rate or the spee& at 0h'h th's
separat'on ta4es plae
*mount o+ 0ater le+t 'n the ru&e o'l a+terseparat'on
5ual't6 o+ separate& 0ater +or &'sposal
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De-stabilizing Emulsions:
Temperature
*)'tat'on or shear
Res'&ene T'me
Sol'&s Removal
!ontrol o+ Emuls'+6'n) *)ent
Retro+'tt'n)
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Mecanism !n"ol"ed inDe-emulsifcation:
7loulat'on or *))re)at'on
!oalesene
Se&'mentat'on or !ream'n)
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Metods O Emulsion #rea$ing orDe-emulsifcation:
*&&'n) !hem'al Demuls'+'es
Inreas'n) the Temperature o+ the
Emuls'on
*ppl6'n) Eletrostat' 7'el&s That
Promote !oalesene
Re&u'n) the 7lo0 8elo't6 That *llo0
rav'tat'onal Separat'on o+ O'l *n&3ater
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De-emuls'+'at'on metho&s are appl'at'on
spe'+' eause o+ the 0'&e var'et6 o+ ru&e
o'ls/ r'nes/ separat'on e,u'pment/ hem'al
&emuls'+'es/ an& pro&ut spe'+'at'ons The most ommon metho& o+ emuls'on
treatment 's the appl'at'on o+ heat an& an
appropr'ate hem'al &emuls'+'es to promote
&esta'l'9at'on/ +ollo0e& 6 a settl'n) t'me0'th eletrostat' )r'&s to promote
)rav'tat'onal separat'on.
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Thermal Methods:"eat'n) re&ues the o'l
v'sos't6 an& 'nreases the 0ater-settl'n) rates
Mecha!cal Methods:
Free-"ater #oc$o%t Dr%ms: 7ree-0ater4no4out &rums separate the +ree 0ater +rom
the ru&e o'l:0ater m'1ture
Prod%ct!o Tra&s or Three-Phase
Se&arators:Three-phase separators orpro&ut'on traps are use& to separate the
pro&ue& +lu'&s 'nto o'l/ 0ater/ an& )as.
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Desalters :are normally designed aseiter one-stage or multistage
desalters % &enerally' desalters use acombination o cemical addition'electrostatic treating' and settlingtime%
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Electrical Methods: Electrostatic gridsare sometimes used or emulsiontreatment% (ig-"oltage electricity)electrostatic grids* is oten an e+ecti"emeans o brea$ing emulsionsChem!cal Methods: The most ommon
metho& o+ emuls'on treatment 's a&&'n)&emuls'+'es.
These hem'als are &es')ne& to
neutral'9e the sta'l'9'n) e++et o+
emuls'+6'n) a)ents.
7loulants are hem'als that +loulate
the 0ater &roplets an& +a'l'tate
oalesene
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M!'!()A(!tat!o: 7or the &emuls'+'es
to 0or4 e++et'vel6/ 't must ma4e 'nt'mateontat 0'th the emuls'on an& reah the
o'l:0ater 'nter+ae.
Dosa(e:The amount o+ hem'al a&&e&'s also 'mportant. Too l'ttle &emuls'+'es
0'll leave the emuls'on unresolve&.
!onversel6/ a lar)e &ose o+ &emuls'+'es
(an over treat on&'t'on% ma6 e&etr'mental. Beause &emuls'+'es are
sur+ae-at've a)ents l'4e the emuls'+'ers
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,eerence:
petrowiki.org/Oil_emulsions
petrowiki.org/Oil_demulsification
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THAN#
*OU