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EditingEditing
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Global Revisions to Watch ForFocus
Organization
Content
Style
Citation
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FocusFocus
Is the thesis clear?
Does the author drift off topic?
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OrganizationOrganization
Are ideas presented in an intuitive order?
Is each idea clearly recognizable?
Would headings be useful?
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Content Content Are ideas properly developed?
Does the author's outside support make his/her case?
Are any important points missing?
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StyleStyleIs the voice appropriate to the
material?
To the intended audience?
Is the writing clear?
Is the writing engaging?
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CitationCitation
Are all quotations accurate to the word?◦Do they require brackets or ellipses?
Are all quotations cited?
Has all source material been cited?
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Revision notation: AbbreviationsAre all abbreviations clear and
consistent?
Circle and mark: abbr
Example: "... from Dec. 10th through January 15th..."
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AgreementAgreementIs there proper agreement
between subject/verb, pronoun/reference, and so on?
Circle each and mark: agrExample:
"The slaughter of pandas for their pelts have caused the panda population to decline drastically."
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Example with and:
Jill's natural ability and her desire to help others has led to a career in the ministry.
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Examples with or:"If a relative or a neighbor are abusing a child, notify the police."
"Neither the lab assistant nor the students was able to download the program."
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Note: Singular terms can appear plural:
◦Titles: Three Sisters, Lost Cities, Dogs of War – Singular
◦Company Names: United Parcel Services, Gallo Brothers - Singular
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Run-on sentencesRun-on sentences
Circle and mark: run-onExample:
Wrong: "Gestures are a means of communication for everyone they are essential for the hearing-impaired."
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Right: Add a comma and a conjunction.“Gestures are a means of communication for everyone, but they are essential for the hearing-impaired.”
Right: Add a semicolon.“Gestures are a means of communication for everyone; they are essential for the hearing-impaired.”
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Right: Restructure the sentence.“Although gestures are a means of communication for everyone, they are essential for the hearing-impaired.”
Right: Make the clauses two separate sentences.“Gestures are a means of communication for everyone. They are essential for the hearing-impaired.”
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Capital/lower case lettersCapital/lower case lettersWhere a letter should be
capitalized, circle and mark: cp
Where a letter should be lower case, circle and mark: lc
Alternately, cross out the letter and write in the correct case.
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Sentence fragmentsSentence fragments Circle and mark: frag.
Example:“Patricia arrived on the island of
Malta. Where she was to spend the summer restoring frescoes.”
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Example:“It has been said that there are
only three indigenous American art forms. Jazz, musical comedy, and soap operas.”
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Italics / UnderliningItalics / UnderliningCircle and mark: ital.Italicize typed material.
Underline handwritten material.Italicize titles of books, films,
magazines, artwork, and so on. Time magazine. Neal Stephenson’s Snow Crash.
Italicize names of ships, trains, aircraft, and spacecraft.
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Foreign words: per diem, habeas corpus, laissez-faire.
Words as words:◦“His maybe clearly meant no.”◦“She had difficulty pronouncing the
letter s.”
Do not italicize merely for emphasis.
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NumbersNumbersCircle and mark: numSpell out numbers of one or two
words. Use figures for numbers of more
than two words Incorrect: “In a nineteen-eighty-
six bank robbery, 5 men led the police on a one hundred and fifteen mile car chase.”
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Exceptions? Plenty.◦ Dates: July 4, 1776, 209 BC◦ Addresses: 131 High Street, 519 West
42nd Street◦ Percentages: 55 percent (or 55%)◦ Fractions, decimals: ⅛, .05◦ Statistics: Average age of 12◦ Surveys: 4 out of 5◦ Exact amounts of money: $23◦ Divisions of books: Volume 3, Chapter
4◦ Identification numbers: Room 15, Sample
2, Seat 9◦ Time of day: 4:00 P.M.
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Passive VoicePassive Voice
Circle and mark: pass
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Spelling ErrorsSpelling Errors
Circle and mark: sp◦Beware the incorrect homonym:
“I’ve never been their.” “I want too go too to different lakes, but
their two far apart.”
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Inappropriate word choiceCircle and mark: appr
Examples:◦chairman vs. chairperson (or chair)◦fireman vs. fire fighter◦postman vs. postal carrier◦freshman vs. freshperson vs. frosh
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Bad: “All executives’ wives are invited to the picnic.”
Good: “All executives’ spouses are invited to the picnic.”
Also good: “All executives’ partners are invited to the picnic.”◦ Note: changes content from original statement.
Best (if possible): “All executives are invited to bring a guest.”◦ An even more significant content change.
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He, she, he or she, he/she…◦Be gender neutral when appropriate.◦You may not use “they” to reference
a singular subject.
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AwkwardAwkwardCatch-all term for anything that’s
unclear or hard to follow.Circle/underline and mark: awk