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Early 20th Century Sculpture
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Ernst Barlach (1870-1938)
G l t hi ti t d itGerman sculptor, graphic artist, and writer.
He sculpted several war memorials for the Weimar Republic.
Barlach wrote Expressionist plays that heBarlach wrote Expressionist plays that he illustrated with woodcuts and lithographs.
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Th fl ti h fThe floating human form, suspended above a tomb inscribed with the dates 1914-18 and the later added 193918 and the later added 1939-1945, suggests a dying soul.
The Nazis melted it down for iti b t l kilammunition but luckily a
friend of Barlach hid another version of this sculpture.
Ernst Barlach, War Monument, from Güstrow Cathedral, Güstrow, Germany, 1927, Bronze
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Emil Nolde The ProphetEmil Nolde, The Prophet, woodcut, 1912Ernst Barlach, War Monument, from
Güstrow Cathedral, Güstrow, Germany, 1927, BronzeGermany, 1927, Bronze
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Constantin Brâncuşi (1876-1957)
A Romanian sculptor who settled in F Photographs,1933-34France.
He was one of the most influential 20th-century sculptors, but he left a relatively small body of workrelatively small body of work centred on 215 sculptures, of which about 50 are thought to have been l t d t dlost or destroyed.
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Constantin Brancusi's studioConstantin Brancusi s studio,as reconstructed 1977-1990 at the Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou FranceCentre Georges Pompidou, France.
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Constantin Brâncuşi , Sleep. Marble, 1908
Constantin Brâncuşi, Suffering, Bronze, 1907
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Later Brancusi developed his own geometric style by reducing natural forms to an abstract simplicity.
He took up carving in both wood and stone, techniques traditionally associated with craftsmen and folk artand folk art.
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Constantin Brâncuşi , Sleep. Marble, 19081908
Constantin Brancusi, Sleeping Muse, bronze marble 1909-1910bronze, marble 1909-1910
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Constantin Brâncuşi -The Kiss, 1912
The embracing couple are schematic figures, acting as a sign of ideal unionas a sign of ideal union.
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Constantine Brancusi. Kiss.1912. Stone. Philadelphia
Museum of ArtMuseum of Art
Auguste Rodin. The Kiss,1886 1898 Marble 5' 111886-1898. Marble, 5 11 1/4" high. Musée Rodin, Paris.
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Pablo Picasso, Glass of Absinthe, 1914. Painted bronze with silver absinth spoon. 8 ½ “ high, base diameter 2 ½ “.
Pablo Picasso, Mandolin and Clarinet 1913 Painted Constantin Brâncuşi - The
Kiss, Stone. 1912 and Clarinet, 1913. Painted wood construction with cardboard, paper, and pencil marks 58x36x23 cmpencil marks. 58x36x23 cm.
Constantin Brancusi, Sleeping Muse, bronze,
marble 1909-1910
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Constantin Brâncuşi , Maiastra, 1910-12, ş , , ,Polished brass, H. 28 ¾” (73.1 cm).
The word maïastra means “master” orThe word maïastra means master or “chief” in Brancusi’s native Romanian, but the title refers specifically to a magically beneficent, dazzlingly plumed g y , g y pbird in Romanian folklore.
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Constantin Brancusi, Bird in Space, 1925Space, 9 5White marble on a base of wood and limestone, ,5' 11 5/8". National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC,
Constantin Brancusi, Bird in Space 1923in Space, 1923
White Marble; H. (with base) 56 3/4 in (144 13/4 in. (144.1
cm), Diam. 6 1/2 in. (16.5 cm)
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Constantin Brâncuşi , Bird in Space, marble, 1923
B d i B i' i fBird summarizes Brancusi's purity of form. The idea is coming from a mythological/folk tale, Maiastra, a Romanian magical creature similar toRomanian magical creature similar to the firebird .
After World War I, he shifted away from such mythical references.
Constantin Brâncuşi , Bi d i S 1928Bird in Space, 1928.
Bronze (unique cast), 4' 6" x 8" x 6" high.
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Constantin Brâncuşi, Sculptural E bl Tâ Ji R iEnsemble. Târgu Jiu, Romania.
The three sculptures — The Table of Silence, The Kiss Gate and The Endless Column — are disposed on an axis 1275 m long, oriented West-East.
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The Kiss Gate
Table of Silence, limestone. (Originally the twelve chairs were much closer to the tablewere much closer to the table and were arranged in pairs)
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Sketch made by Brâncuşi on a photo of the location
Constantin Brâncuşi , Endless Column, 1937-8, cast iron, 98’ H (29.9 m.), 17 , , ( ),modules. Targu-Jiu, Romania. (The conservation of the column was completed in 2000.)
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It was made as a tribute to the young Romanians who died in World War I, and is a stylization of the funerary pillars used in Southern Romania.
Constantin Brâncuşi , Endless Column, detail
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Romanian farm house
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f A Th T f B b lWooden Totem from Te Koutu PA,
New Zealand
The Tower of Babel
Father Athanasius Kircher.
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UMBERTO BOCCIONI UniqueBOCCIONI, Unique
Forms of Continuity in Space
1913 (cast 1931). Bronze,
Aleksandr Rodchenko, Spatial Construction/Spati 1913 (cast 1931). Bronze,
Pablo Picasso, Mandolin and Clarinet 1913
/ pal Object, 1921.
Clarinet, 1913. Painted wood construction with cardboard paper
NAUM GABO
cardboard, paper, and pencil marks.
ConstantinColumnca. 1923. Perspex, wood, metal, glass
Brâncuşi , Bird in Space, marble,
1923