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DNA ReplicationCopying the genetic code
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Copying the genetic codeDNA Replication
Unpack the Chromosomes
Unzip the DNA
Base pairing at the replication fork
Leading strand vs Lagging strand
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Making Copies
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Making Copies
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copycopied during cell division
Sister Chromatids(identical copies)
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Accessing the DNAin
activ
e D
NA
(dea
ctiva
ted
or m
itotic
)
DNA in use
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Visualization of DNA Packing
For this video, visit:http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna/DNAi_packaging_vo2.html
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Accessing the DNA
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Accessing the DNA
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DNA Structure
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Complementary Base Pairing
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Identical Parent and Daughter Strands
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Replication Bubbles
helicase
5’
3’
3’
5’
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Replication Bubbles
5’
3’
3’
5’
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Replication Bubbles
5’
3’
3’
5’
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Replication Bubbles
copies
Replication Fork
Replication Fork
5’
3’
3’
5’
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Replication Bubbles
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Releasing the Tension
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Releasing the Tension Topoisomerase (gyrase) cleaves and uncoils DNA ahead of helicase Single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB) prevent DNA from
coiling back up
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DNA Replication
Primase
RNA primer
DNA Polymerase III
5’
3’
3’
5’
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DNA Replication
The leading strands grow toward the replication fork PROBLEM: DNA polymerase III only works in the
5’-3’ direction.
Leading Strands5’
3’
3’
5’
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DNA Replication
5’
3’
3’
5’
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DNA Replication
Lagging Strands
The lagging strands grow away from the replication fork
5’
3’
3’
5’
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DNA Replication
5’
3’
3’
5’
DNA Polymerase IDNA Ligase
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DNA Replication
5’
3’
3’
5’
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DNA Replicationcontinuous & discontinuous
Okazaki Fragments
5’
3’
3’
5’
DNA Polymerase moves in a 5’ - 3’ direction
5’-3’ chain synthesized continuously
3’-5’ chain synthesized discontinuously
Results in a series of Okazaki fragments
Later sealed up by DNA ligase
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The Whole Process in 3D
For this video, visit: http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna
/DNAi_replication_schematic.html
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The Whole Process in 3D
For this video, visit:http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna/DNAi_replication_vo2.html
![Page 33: DNA Replication Copying the genetic code. DNA Replication Unpack the Chromosomes Unzip the DNA Base pairing at the replication fork Leading strand](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061600/5697bf7a1a28abf838c82fab/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Animations
DNA Replication: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jtmOZaIvS0
McGraw-Hill: DNA Replication & Meselson-Stahl: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/st
udent_view0/chapter14/animations.html#
DNA Song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIZpb93NYlw
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Credits
Molecule drawing created using ChemSketch.
Some from the Pearson or Nelson Biology 12 textbook.
Some images from Wikimedia Commons
Some from unknown sources.