Download - Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
1/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
2/67
Radiation Protection guidelines for theGeneral Public have long ago departed
the realm of Science
They also have lost anyconnection to fundamental logic
And in their latest iteration, almost anycitizen can easily recognize that they
defy common sense
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
3/67
ICRP has chosen the duck as
its animal model for radiationprotection, Eh.
But we can stillshoot the
ducks, right?
No problem,wejust cant nukeem
In 2003 The ICRP* announced its new plan to alsoprotect animals from radiation
*International Council for Radiation Protection(ICRP)
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
4/67
They have taken on all the trappings ofReligiona set of beliefs that cannot be
either verified or deniedyou either believe
in them or you dont
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
5/67
Cost per (hypothetical) Life-yearsaved1
Radiation Emission Standards for NuclearPower Plants: $100 Million/life-yr
Radionuclide Emission Control at NRC-licensed facilities: $2.6 Billion/life-yr
Widen lanes on Rural Roads by 2 ft:$120,000/life-yr
_______________________________________________1. Tengs et al., Risk Analysis15, 369-390, 1995
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
6/67
What kind of thinking can beresponsible for this egregiousmisallocation of resources?
So where would you put thepublics money?
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
7/67
Thinking Inside the Box
Lower isalways better
in here
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
8/67
I can readily prove that most of you
are inside the box thinkers
How many of you drove here
ALARA?
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
9/67
Driving ALARA*
Keep your Speed ALARA
*As Low As Reasonably Achievable
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
10/67
A definite, proven benefit to you and the public.Saves on fuelIt seems a no-brainer
Driving ALARA would inarguablyreduce
the risk of death - not only to you, but to
other members of the public in your path .
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
11/67
Hey, It doesnt apply to
drivingjust radiation!
Im not driving ALARA(or Miss Daisy)!
ALARA? Sure itll costmore,but dont forgetwere dealing with
deadly radiation
here.
http://www.inwoodband.com/pics/two%20faced.jpg -
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
12/67
So how does it feel inside that box?
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
13/67
Thinking Inside the Box- youre not alone
Recommends evasiveaction if a solar flare isencountered in-flight!(0.1- 0.5 mSv/hr)
Thereby creating muchgreater riskscollision riskby chaos in air traffic
control, fuel starvation byreduced jet engine efficiencyat low altitudes, and manymore than I have space for
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
14/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
15/67
Cosmic 0.3 mSv
Internal (K-40) 0.4 mSv
Terrestrial 0.3 mSv
Average Natural Background 3 mSv/yr
Radon 2 mSv
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
16/67
Your girl friend is hot
1.5 Mev gammas from K-40
To minimize exposure, try to keep
close personal contact ALARA,guys
K-40
Half life = 1.3 Billion years
1.3 MeV beta (90%)High energy gamma ray
(1.5 Mev)(10%)
Sure your girl friend is hot, but to minimize yourexposure keep close personal contact ALARA
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
17/67
Oh boy,cleanup
!
You may see acemetery, but I seea low level waste
dump full of 40K
Unowho
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
18/67
The Linear Non Threshold (LNT)
assumption- a fundamental tenet ofThe Church
With which death by coefficient can bemeted out to the frightened masses
without restraint
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
19/67
Some Predictions of LNT
Despite irradiation of mankind throughout hisevolutionary development, LNT predicts thatnatural background radiation is killing people
at the rate of one million per year.
M l i i ll d
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
20/67
My personal version is calledLNT-m.a.
exampleNational Safety Council: In the USA aperson dies every 13 min due to a motor
vehicle crash
LNT: Natural background radiation likewise
kills a person in the USA every 12 min,
my ass.
These folks are mostsincerely dead
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
21/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
22/67
Natural Background in USA- Exclusiveof Radon (NCRP #45 & #94)
Atlantic & Gulf Coastal Plain- 1.05 mSv/yr
Middle America- 1.25 mSv/yr
Rocky Mountain Plateau- 1.45 mSv/yr
Denver Colorado- 1.65 mSv/yr
Population-weighted average-1.09 mSv/yr
Average +0.25 mSv/yr = 1.34 mSv/yr
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
23/67
The 1 mSv per yr public dose limit is Down in the
noise
3.54.0 mSv
Avg
Avg +1 mS
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
24/67
Au contrairethey picked 1 mSv per year
They evidently dont believe its safeto live in Denver, CO
Despite thevariationinnaturalbackground, most locales in the US
are below 6 mSv per annum.
So where would logic dictate settingthe public dose limit?, perhaps 5 mSv?
ut that was after IV or V EIRS
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
25/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
26/67
NCRP Report # 116National Council on Radiation Protection
Dose Limit for a Member of the General Public:
1 mSv/yr
ButTheres a catch youre not
supposed to use it unless you conduct aninvestigation of possible exposure to othersources (another farce by the Solar Flare
Players-Act I, scene I next frame)
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
27/67
Im from upstairs, and amconducting an NCRP - typeinvestigation-So where do youlive or go after work? Isanybody else irradiating youbesides me?
This is
my luckyday,
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
28/67
So ho did the sola pla e s come p ith
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
29/67
Secret ICRP training camp
Behold! multiple sources!
So how did the solar players come up withthis idea?
Ach so..
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
30/67
This Church is Ruthless in dealing with Non-believers!
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
31/67
This Church is Ruthless in dealing with Non-believers!
Will you confess! . MotherOur weapons are fear,
surprise, and the riskcoefficient!
So ho did I get in ol ed in this O ellian o ld?
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
32/67
Ben Archer, Joel Gray,
Bob Dixon, Doug
Simpkin
So how did I get involved in this Orwellian world?
We presented our finalreport to NCRP, andwere called before the
Pope (like Gallileo)
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
33/67
Thou shalt design all thy shielding to mSv per annumwhether thou believest or not, for it is thus written in
NCRP 116 chapter one, verse 122
But..Zip it!
It is futile to resist
Our reply to NCRP
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
34/67
Source ConstraintsAn ICRP fantasy
The Myth of Multiple Sourceswhich fails to consider:
Most sources do not converge to a
single location(short range, inactive at night)
A given person cannot be in more than
one place at a given timeThis argument is developed in much greater detail in ourpaper in published in Radiation ProtectionDosimetry(2005),v.115, No. 1-4, pp. 16-22.
1 mSv
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
35/67
1
1
1
1 mSv
This
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
36/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
37/67
ICRP SPEED LIMITsource constraints
Speed limit 60 mph but we MUST CONSTRAIN YOU TO 20 mph
since you may own more than one auto,
or drive on more than one highway
This logic is closely analogous to that used forsource constraints - ignoring simultaneity
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
38/67
Suppose we had caved in and
accepted 0.25 mSv/yr as ashielding design limit in ourNCRP 147 report ?
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
39/67
18-MV Vault---Pb Upgrade(1-->>0.25 mSv/y)
1.25 in. Pb
1.5 in. Pb
Primary shielding
47,000 lb of Pb
$47,000 material cost
Secondary shielding
76,500 lb of PB
$76,500
Construction costs fordemolition and restoration of
vault $150,000
Grand total $275,000
Estimated costs to upgrade the US base of
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
40/67
Estimated costs to upgrade the US base ofRadiation Therapy Vaults of 6 MV18 MV LinearAccelerators in order to meet a lower dose limit of
mSv.yr-___________________________Additional shielding thickness 2.5 cm leadMaterial cost of additional lead $115,000 USDConstruction Costs per vault : $150,000 USDTotal additional cost per vault: $265,000 USDIf built when publicdose limit was 5 mSv/yr: $385,000 USD
Total estimated cost nationwide: $1 Billion!Total lead required nationwide: 8 x 108 kg
Its going to cost you
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
41/67
It s going to cost you$250,000 to upgrade yourvault to 0.25 mSv/yr for a
slight (hypothetical) increasein protection for the 5 or somembers of the public who
work in its immediate vicinityAnd by the way, every pizza parlor, icecream shop, home or business in the
Denver region will have a higher radiationlevel than that just outside your expensive
new leaded accelerator walls-
Also, those 5 people will be getting more
radiation from natural radioactivity inside theirown bodies than from your accelerator
administratorAdministrator
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
42/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
43/67
Glad to hear you beefedup your room shieldingDoc. Whos gonna payfor it?Why You, of course
http://www.uhn.ca/uhn/corporate/reports_statements/AR2006_site/images/AC07_UHN_06_gamma.jpg -
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
44/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
45/67
Predictions if Designing Shielding to0.25 mSv per year
An estimated additional 109kg (1/2 billion pounds)of lead would be required for medical x-ray alone(50% of total annual production).
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
46/67
(hypothetical) annual risk from 3/4 mSv/yr
4x10-5
(real) annual risk to2:
metal miners & smelters 56 x 10-5
Construction workers 14 x 10-5
2
Wilson and Crouch, Risk-BenefitAnalysis, Harvard 2001.
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
47/67
Still no one from NCRP would engage usin debate, so AAPM and ACR convened a
national consensus conference at whichall interested parties could participate
All major societies were invited:medical, dental, medical physics, healthphysics, regulatory bodies, and NCRP
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
48/67
ACR AAPM RSNA SNM HPS ACMP NRC FDACRCPD ADA ACA
NCRPCONSENSUS!
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
49/67
NCRP has concluded that a suitablesource control for shielding individuals inuncontrolled areas in or near medicalradiation facilities is an effective dose of 1mSv in any year.
1 mSv.y-1 to the maximally exposedindividual in an uncontrolled area will
provide adequate protection to theemployees and the members of thepublic that access the uncontrolledareas.
Recent NCRP report series for shieldingmedical x-ray sources
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
50/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
51/67
JDAMLos!
Hey Emperor! Time for a reality check from
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
52/67
Hey Emperor! Time for a reality check fromthe USA. Those clothes arent real and yoursource constraint concept is fundamentally
illogical; plus you dont know how to apply it.
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
53/67
Aug 2006 - ICRP regroups and launches a surprise
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
54/67
g g p pcounterstrike across Atlantic -A stakeholder meeting[sponsored by the French nuclear energy agency(NEA)?]
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
55/67
The ICRP, the duck, and your gonads
The ICRP staged a counterattack in DC
in Aug 06 a North Americanstakeholder conference. I was thererepresenting AAPM and ready for them
(and their Duck); however, the stake Iwas holding was wooden, if you get mydrift!
Your gonads took a beating, however, .There were more .govs than .orgs atthis conference (and a few .nuts)
ICRP Source Constraints take a beating
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
56/67
ICRP Source Constraints take a beatingI had unexpected allies
Heres one fromDOE
AAPM
To you from me atthe NRC
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
57/67
The oft - heard refrain was: Wedont understand source
constraints, nor do we need them.
It is not clear to us (norapparently to ICRP either) how toapply them in practice.
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
58/67
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
59/67
The gonads are hereby dethroned (0.2 .08)
A d th b t lift d (0 05 0 12)
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
60/67
And the breasts are uplifted (0.050.12).
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
61/67
What bout the duck?
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
62/67
What bout the duck?
Howre they gonna find I guess well
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
63/67
How re they gonna findenough duck A-bomb
survivors to figure risks,
Eh?
I guess we llhave to nuke
a bunch of
them
Theyre not gonnalike that, Eh?
And the duck rebellion is already beginning
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
64/67
Two can play
this decoy game
And the duck rebellion is already beginning
The ICRP is
next- bring iton Lars-Erik
An attendee stated that ICRP had chosen
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
65/67
I later gave the duck call to an NEA conferenceleader who had admired and coveted it -
perhaps with similar future mischief in mind?
An attendee stated that ICRP had chosenEurocentric animals, to which an exasperatedLars-Erik retorted a duck is a duck is a duck!
At that point, I pulled out my duck call, blew atriple quack with repeat, which brought downthe houseincluding Lars-Erik- therebydefusing the situation.
The Conference Rapporteur, Henri
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
66/67
Attempting to increase public
protection by forcing the dosesallowed from medical X-ray sources toHeroicallylow levels (10% of natural
background)is likely to represent netharm to the patient population (thesame public) in terms of bothincreased healthcare costs as well asincreased health risk to individualpatients, with no proven benefitwhatsoever.
Mtivier, borrowed from a couple of myPPT slides in presenting the final
conference summary, including my quotebelow:
Oh no! Solar Flare Im outta here!
-
8/13/2019 Dixon Faith-Based Radiation ProtectionII
67/67
TheEnd
Oh no!Solar Flare- I m outta here!