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Digital Records:for Ever or for Never?
Maureen Pennock, Digital Curation CentreUKOLN, University of Bath
RMS North of England Group Meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
The Great Digital Preservation Challenge
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Not so much digital infinity: more of a digital black hole
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
The Problem
• Digital records are highly environmentally dependent
Software Hardware RecordsFile(s)
Record environment
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
The Problem
• Digital records are highly environmentally dependent
Software Hardware RecordsFile(s)
Record environment
• Environments change many times during lifetime of records
• Records will become inaccessible if action is not undertaken
• Records may be altered if action is undertaken
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
But we can’t just bin it all…
… can we?
Of course not!
And nor would we want to.
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
What is Digital Preservation?
“the series of actions and interventions required to ensure
continued and reliable access
to authentic digital objects
for as long as they are deemed to be of value.”
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
“the series of actions and interventions required to ensure
continued and reliable access
to authentic digital objects
for as long as they are deemed to be of value.”
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Definitions of Authenticity:
• 2 a: worthy of acceptance or belief as conforming to or based on fact
<paints an authentic picture of our society> • b: conforming to an original so as to
reproduce essential features<an authentic reproduction of a colonial farmhouse>
• c: made or done the same way as an original
<authentic Mexican fare>
• 3: not false or imitation : real, actual <based on authentic documents>
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
• 2 a: worthy of acceptance or belief as conforming to or based on fact
<paints an authentic picture of our society> • b: conforming to an original so as to
reproduce essential features<an authentic reproduction of a colonial farmhouse>
• c: made or done the same way as an original
<authentic Mexican fare>
• 3: not false or imitation : real, actual <based on authentic documents>
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Essential features: examples
Colour Font functionality
•Lists
•numbers
•bulletsst
structure
19/03/2008 14:35:37
[content!]
Diagrams
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Think in terms of…
• The five characteristics:– Context – Content– Structure– Appearance– Behaviour
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Draft DCC Curation Lifecycle Model
Credits: Sarah HigginsJames CheneyJoy DavidsonDavid GiarettaLiz LyonColin NeilsonMaureen PennockGraham PryorStephen RankinSeamus RossChris RusbridgeAngus Whyte
Graphics: Chris Blackhall
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Stakeholders
Records Manager
Creators
IT Staff Management
Re-users
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
So what do you do?
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Stage 1 - Creation
Activities ResponsiblePolicy on records creation, eg records to be properly constructed, use templates
Senior management; Records managers
Policy on acceptable use of records-creating systems (including mobile devices and technologies)
Senior management; Records managers; IT staff
Templates to be designed or provided Records managers; IT staff?
Good practice creation guidelines & advice Records managers; IT staff
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Stage 2 – Access & Use
Activities ResponsiblePolicy on responsibilities for personal records/data management, including legal issues
Senior management; Records managers
Guidelines on good practice storage, versioning and filing
Records managers; IT staff
Good practice storage and filing Records creators
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Stage 3 – Appraisal & Selection
Activities ResponsiblePolicy and guidelines/advice for users on desktop/systems appraisal, selection, retention
Records managers, (+ IT staff)
Departmental training on responsibilities for retaining records at end of active life
Records managers; records creators
Exploration of significant properties/essential features
Records managers
Automatic selection of records, based on metadata and business process classifications?
Records managers; IT staff
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Stage 4 – Ingest (or Disposal)
Activities Responsible‘Pull’ transfer activities: awareness raising; pro-active communications; communicating metadata requirements and transfer requirements
Records managers
‘Push’ transfer activities: making records available and accessible for transfer; adding metadata
Records creator; Records managers
Providing technical transfer infrastructure (including metadata facilities)
IT staff
Policy on disposal Senior management; Records managers
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Stages 5 & 6 – Preservation & Storage
Activities ResponsiblePolicy, strategy & infrastructure for storage and preservation
Senior management; Records managers; IT staff
Finances for preservation activities Senior management (Records managers)
Checking transferred records; adding metadata; developing preservation requirements
Records managers
Adhering to preservation requirements! IT staff
Ongoing awareness of preservation tools and infrastructure; technology watch
IT staff; (Records managers?)
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Stage 7 – Access & Re-use
Activities ResponsiblePolicy on data and records accessibility Senior management, Records
managers
Ensuring Data Protection compliance in accessible records
Records managers; IT staff; DP officer
Developing requirements for metadata-enabled accessibility
Records managers
Providing reliable access whilst protecting stored records from malicious or accidental harm
IT staff
Providing other access/re-use tools as required Records managers; IT staff, re-users
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Summary
• Talk talk talk!• Plan ahead• Define your preservation requirements
– Think about what’s really important • Develop strategy & policy• Develop templates• Organise training• Re-evaluate regularly
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008
Useful resources
• PLATTER – repository planning tool• DRAMBORA – risk assessment tool• Managing Risk project report• PARADIGM & CAIRO project web sites• SIGPROP workshop (April 7th, London)• DCC website, events & helpdesk
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RMS North of England Group meeting, Wigan, 3rd April 2008