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Digestion in…
…the small & large intestines
9.5
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Small Intestine
• about 2.5 cm in diameter
• up to 7 m in length• duodenum: first 25-
30 cm: digestion• jejenum: digestion/
absorption• ileum: absorption
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Pancreas
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Carbohydrate Digestion
• pancreatic amylase is released into duodenum
• continues breakdown of starch started in the saliva
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Pancreatic Secretions
• fat enters duodenum
• cholecystokinin (CCK) is released into blood by cells in duodenum
• CCK causes pancreatic cells to release various substances
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pH of Small Intestine
• chyme has pH of about 2.5
• converts prosecretin into secretin, which causes pancreas to release bicarbonate ions (increasing pH to 9.0)
• pepsin is inactivated, protecting the small intestine
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Protein Digestion
• trypsinogen released by pancreas
• activated to trypsin by enzyme enterokinase
• trypsin continues to break down proteins into amino acids
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Lipid Digestion
• bile is produced in liver & stored in gall bladder and released into the duodenum
• bile breaks down large fat globules
• lipases secreted by pancreas breat down fats into smaller molecules
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Small Intestine - Absorption
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Absorption
• passive transport (including osmosis)
• facilitated diffusion
• active transport
• nutrients are absorbed in capillary networks
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Large Intestine
• up to 7.6 cm in diameter
• about 1.5 m in length
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Large Intestine
• most of the water is absorbed
• 500+ species of bacteria produce essential vitamins K and some B.
• feces are egested through the anus
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Animations…
• Digestion review & quiz:
• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.html
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Let’s review…
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Review…
Quizzes:
• http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/DSquiz.html
• http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/science/digestive_system/quiz751.html
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And finally…science meets art