Development of the Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure in the Russian Federation
E. Kudryavtsev, A. Khaperskaya
Rosatom State Nuclear Energy Corporation
V. Smirnov, R&D Company “Sosny”
IAEA International Conference on Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors
31 May to 4 June 2010, Vienna, Austria
IAEA International Conference on Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors
31 May to 4 June 2010, Vienna, Austria
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
2
Rosatom Major Tasks and Schedule for the SF and RW Management Rosatom Major Tasks and Schedule for the SF and RW Management
20352035
20102010
20152015
Establishment of Legislative and Financial Basis
for the Corporate Rad&Nuclear Safety Assurance System
Establishment of Legislative and Financial Basis
for the Corporate Rad&Nuclear Safety Assurance System
Start-up of Market-oriented RadWaste&SF management System
Start-up of Market-oriented RadWaste&SF management System
Major Nuclear Legacy Problems are solvedMajor Nuclear Legacy Problems are solved
Creation of the most important Nuclear Infrastructure Facilities
Creation of the most important Nuclear Infrastructure Facilities
20252025
Sta
ge 1
Sta
ge 2
Sta
ge 3
Start-up of Industrial Reprocessing Plant (RT-2) and Final Geologic Disposal Facility
Start-up of Industrial Reprocessing Plant (RT-2) and Final Geologic Disposal Facility
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
3
Nuclear Renaissance in Russia Nuclear Renaissance in Russia
Nuclear Power Development Program, approved by the Russian President on June 8, 2006
Federal Law of 1 December 2007 N 317-ФЗ «On the State Atomic Energy Corporation «Rosatom»
Program of the «Rosatom» Corporation Activity, started from 2009 (new NPP construction)
Federal Targeted Program “Nuclear and Radiological Safety Assurance for year 2008 and until 2015” with total budget of 145,4 Bn rubles (including 131,2 Bn from Federal budget)
Federal Targeted Program “Nuclear Technologies of the new Generation for 2010-2015 and for 2020 perspective“ with total budget of 128 Bn rubles (including 110,4 Bn rubles from Federal budget)
3
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
4
Key figures of Rosatom Spent Fuel Discharge Key figures of Rosatom Spent Fuel Discharge
Annual Spent Fuel Discharge from Russian Power Reactors is ~650 mt
• 15% of that amount (VVER-440, BN-600 fuels) is currently reprocessed at RT-1 plant
• 30% (VVER-1000 fuel) is shipped for centralized wet storage at MCC site near Krasnoyarsk, with plans for reprocessing
• 55% (RBMK-1000 fuel) is currently placed in wet AFR storages with plans for further shipment for dry storage at MCC site near Krasnoyarsk
4
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
Accumulated Spent Fuel in Russian Federation - decomposition Accumulated Spent Fuel in Russian Federation - decomposition
Total amount of accumulated fuel is 19 000 mt
VVER-1000
RR and other fuels
RBMK-1000
AMB fuel
VVER and RBMK fuels are at store in NPP and centralized storage facilities
AMB and RR fuels heed special technical decisions
According to Federal Law all accumulated SF is property of Russian Federation
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
6
Basic Principles of the Concept–2008:
Reprocessing of the Used Nuclear Fuel for ecologically acceptable Waste Management and Disposal, Recycling of the Recovered Nuclear Materials
High priority for Nuclear Safety and for the Nuclear Materials Security during all the management stages, aiming to avoid undue burdens on future generations
Strategic Directions for the Future Activity:
- Development of the safe and reliable long-term storage system,
- Further development of reprocessing technologies,
- Balanced utilization of the reprocessed nuclear materials,
- Conditioning and final disposal of the radioactive wastes from reprocessing activity
Spent Fuel Management Concept of the “ROSATOM” State Corporation Spent Fuel Management Concept of the “ROSATOM” State Corporation
1www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
Development of Legislative Basis for the RW and SNF management system
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
8
Major points of the Draft Low for “Management of Radioactive Wastes”Major points of the Draft Low for “Management of Radioactive Wastes”
Priority for safe final disposal of radioactive wastes
Realistic system for radioactive wastes classification
Direct connection of radwaste ownership and responsibility
Establishment of Limits for Radwaste storage period and Criteria for Waste package acceptability for the final disposal
Establishment of National Operator for the final disposal activities
Granted financial basis for “full cycle” waste management activities
Draft of the Law is under consideration of the State Duma
8
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
99
Near Surface DisposalFacility for LILW
Near or SubSurface DisposalFacility for LILW
“MAYAK” PA
Final RadWaste Disposal Sites in RussiaFinal RadWaste Disposal Sites in Russia
HLW at MCC
2www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
Development of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management System in RussiaDevelopment of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management System in Russia
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
11
Key Directions for Development of the Russian Nuclear Fuel Management System Key Directions for Development of the Russian Nuclear Fuel Management System
Drafting of the State Law “On Spent Nuclear Fuel Management”
Infrastructure Development Projects (Wet and Dry Storages, including Cask Storage Systems)
Technological options for the specific SF types (AMB, Submarine fuels, damaged and non conventional fuels)
Research and Demo Center for Research and Development of Advanced Reprocessing technology at MCC (Krasnoyarsk)
Final Disposal Technology for the Wastes from Reprocessing activity
MOX Fuel Technology Development
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
12
Spent Nuclear Fuel Management FundSpent Nuclear Fuel Management Fund
12
Financial basis and model for the UNF management shall take into account : Full cycle for the SF management Segregation of State and Market Structures Liabilities Financial System (Centralized SF Management Fund) Full Cycle Infrastructure
Market-orientedStructures (NPP)
SF ManagementFund
State Budget
FederalProgram
AccumulatedProblems in SF management
Newly generated Nuclear Fuel
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
13
Flowchart for the Russian SF Management System FacilitiesFlowchart for the Russian SF Management System Facilities
RRs, NSubs
VVER-440, BN-600
VVER-1200
RBMK-1000
FADismantling
Central Wet Store
Dry Store
Wet Storage
RT-2Plant
Final GeologicDisposal LL&HLW
NFA Dismantling
RDC
MOX-Fuel FF
Dry Store
AMB -100, 200
VVER-1000VVER-1000
HLW StoreRT-1 Plant
PA MAYAKPA MAYAK
Pu from StorePu from Store MCCMCC
3www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
Major projects for SNF Management at MCC SiteMajor projects for SNF Management at MCC Site
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
15
Center for SF Management at Mining Chemical Combine (MCC) siteCenter for SF Management at Mining Chemical Combine (MCC) site
15
Construction of the Dry Store for the VVER and RBMK fuels is the Key Rosatom’s Infrastructure Project
Capacity of the I-st Stage is 8100 mt of RBMK fuel
Cold Start-up in planned for the end of 2010
Enlargement of Wet Store (ХОТ-1) with gradual increase of capacity to 8600 mt
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
1620
Nijnekanskiy Massif – the place chosen for the final disposal of vitrified HLW and long-lived wastes at 500 m depth in granitesI-st Stage – construction of Underground Lab. Declaration of intent already submitted to regional authorities.
Final Disposal of HLW near MCC Site
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
Pu utilization at MCC sitePu utilization at MCC site
In the frame of Federal Targeted Program “Nuclear Technologies of the new Generation for 2010-2015 and for 2020 perspective“ the U-Pu fuel fabrication facilities are under development for:
Securing of U-Pu fuel for BN-800 Fast Reactor (under construction) and BN-600 (Hybrid Core) at Beloyarskaya NPP by
- Fabrication of the Granulated Fuel Composition at MCC (Krasnoyarsk)
- Fabrication of the Fuel rods and Fuel Assemblies at NIIAR (Dimitrovgrad)
Fulfillment of US-Russia Intergovernmental Agreement on Ex-Weapon Pu Disposition
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
18
Mining Chemical Combine – Centre for the Closure of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Mining Chemical Combine – Centre for the Closure of Nuclear Fuel Cycle
18
Добыча
Конверсия и обогащение
Хранение и переработка ОЯТ
Производство электроэнергии
Окончательная изоляцияРАО
Фабрикация MOX -топлива
Фабрикация U -топлива
Регенерированный U
The Centre will include: - SNF storage and reprocessing - MOX fabrication - Waste final disposal
MOX-Fuel
HLW
SNF
RT-2
RT-2
Demo Reprocessing CentreUnderground LabU-Pu granulated Fuel Fabrication
4www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
Reprocessing of Nuclear Legacy FuelReprocessing of Nuclear Legacy Fuel
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
20
AMB Legacy Fuels ManagementAMB Legacy Fuels Management
Total amount 300 mt of U in Mg (Ca) alloyed fuel composition
Fuel Assembly is 14 m long
Tasks to be solved
Installation of the Safe Dismantling Complex for the AMB Fuel Assemblies at Beloyarskaya NPP
Transport of the Fuel pins to PA Mayak site for reprocessing
Adaptation of the RT-1 Reprocessing Technology for AMB fuel composition including Vitrification Technology for the AMB Wastes
20
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
21
Research Reactors Fuel Return ProgramResearch Reactors Fuel Return Program
Tchekh 1Uzbek 1 Bulgaria 1
Hungary 1
Latvia 1
Germany 1Kazakhstan3
Romania 1
Libia 1
Poland1Ukraine 1
Serbia 1
Kazakhstan1
US-Russian Program for the Return of Research Reactors Fuel – Prevention of HEU Proliferation
Poland 4
Germany 2
N of shipments / year 4 6 7 2
5www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
ConclusionsConclusions
22
www.rosatom.ru
1 2 3 4 5 6
23
Tasks for mid-term implementation
Securing and further development of an adequate Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure is a top priority task for Rosatom to facilitate ambitious Nuclear Power Development Program in Russia.
Construction of Dry Storage, R&Demo Reprocessing and Waste disposal Facilities at Mining Chemical Combine site are the “Starting” Projects which lead a way to a large scale SF management Complex in the Russian Federation.
Deployment of these facilities will increase export potential for Russian nuclear technologies including back-end fuel cycle services.
1 2 3 4 5 6
www.rosatom.ru 24
Thank you for your
attention