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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Dr. Michael Freeman
AMADEUS Research CentreDepartment of Computer Science
University of York (UK)
Designing an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Introduction• UcDK aims:
– To develop a range of simple (use/construct), cheap development boards to allow investigation into ubiquitous computing scenarios.
– Fast prototyping of ubiquitous computing applications.• Minimising software and hardware development times.
– Two stage design flow:• Initial proto-type : micro-controller based systems• Final : SOC FPGA based systems
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• An ubiquitous computing node
typically contains:– Communications– Processing– Interfacing
• These requirements are separated and performed in specialized modules.– Information passed between modules
using serial data links– Hardware and software re-use
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Communications modules:
– Micro-controller 4K/128– Radio (433MHz): 19.2Kbps– Infra-red: 9600 bps– Features
• I2C port• RTC• ADC• Serial ports• GPIO (IRQ, CNT)
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• PC communicates to
base node via serial port or Ethernet
• Radio packet Tx / Rx to Slave nodes
• Each slave node can have Sub nodes connected to it via IR link
• Simple sense before TX, ACK protocol + CRC
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Processing modules:
– Data logging• EEPROM: 192Kb
– Digital IO• CPLD: XC9572• I2C: PCF8574
– Analogue IO• I2C: PCF8591
– Serial IO• Four RS232 serial ports
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Interfacing modules:
– I2C expansion board• GPIO, ADC, DAC
– Open collector driver– Opto-isolator– Stepper/DC motor– Relay, Triac– Power supply
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Example 1
• Light controller : single module example
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Example 2
• Cooker hob : two module example
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Example 3• Fridge :
three module example
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Demo 1
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK
• FPGA cores– Wishbone bus– Communications
• Infra-red, Radio controller– Processing
• Picoblaze• Minimal CISC processor (MCP)
– Interface• UART, SPI, Multi-master I2C
• Micro-controller code re-use where possible.
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanMinimal CISC Processor Architecture for FGPAs
Existing 8051 Cores• 8051 Micro-controller core :
– DR8051 : VIRTEX-II 1080 slices 87MHz– Free8051 : SPARTAN-II 1605 slices 14MHz– R8051 : VIRTEX-II 1861 slices 49MHz– Org. 8051 : SPARTAN-II 1250 slices
• RISC Emulation– PB8051 : VIRTEX-II 313 slices 113MHz
(PicoBlaze : VIRTEX-II 84 slices)
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanMinimal CISC Processor Architecture for FGPAs
Results• All systems have one wishbone IO port and are
synthesised for our Virtex II development board:– Picoblaze
• Number Slices: 114 Maximum Frequency: 45.323MHz– MCP : internal iMem, picoBlaze instruction set
• Number Slices: 120 Maximum Frequency: 68.8MHz– MCP : external iMem, picoBlaze instruction set
• Number Slices: 123 Maximum Frequency: 80.4MHz– MCP : internal iMem, 8051 instruction set
• Number Slices: 134 Maximum Frequency: 76.4MHz
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Possible systems
– Hardware / software divisions
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Conclusions• The UcDK has been proven to allow fast
prototyping of ubiquitous computing applications and to minimise software and hardware development times.
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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Future Work• Installation of micro-controller based systems in
the responsive home at the University of York.• Development and expansion of micro-controller
modules:– IrDa communications module
• Development and expansion of FPGA cores– Investigation into the performance of different SOC
architectures