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SKEE3742 Optic Communication Lab
MEASUREMENT OF ATTENUATIONOF THE OPTICAL FIRE
!"" C#un Hian
K#ai$unni%a Sa&iman
Mo#ama& Fa#mi S#am%u&&in
Mo#ama& Ha$it# Ha$un'Ha%%an
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INTRO(UCTION
• When using a optical fbre, some o the lightabsorbed by the glass inside the cable.
• The light coming out not strong as light
coming in• There are several actor:1) Distance o air gap between two connecting optical
fbre.
) The bending diameter o optical fbre.!) The source o light enter the optical fbre.
") The length o optical fbre.
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PROLEM STATEMENT
• #ptical fbre is a medium to carryinormation.
• $ttenuation occur whentransmission o light through the
optical fbre.• %t will reduce the intensity o the
light.
• $ttenuation& '(log d
•
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THE (ISTANCE OF AIR )APET*EEN OPTICAL FIERS
+-+%/+0T 1
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O!ECTI+E
• To study the eect o air gaptoward the attenuation in optical
fber.• To e2amine the relationship
between the length o air gap
and attenuation in optical fber.• To determine the relationship
between re3uency and the
attenuation o optical fber.
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-#4+D5+
1.+3uipment was set up as shown below.
.4onnect the a pair o 1 meter optical fber totransmitter and receiver.
!.6et a input re3uency with ((78.
".4onnect the end o each cable with (mm air gap.
9.#bserve and record the output at oscilloscope.
.epeat step 1'9 with increase the air gap until9mm with increment o 1mm.
;.epeat step 1' with a re3uency o .9<78 .
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RESULT
F$",u"nc- . 2//H0
$ir =ap >mm)
?in>p'p)>?)
?out>p'p)>?)
$ttenuation>d)
( ;.@" ".@( ".
1 ;.A !.@( .!@ ;.A ."( 1(.!;
! ;.@" 1.( 1.!(
" ;.@" (.@( 1A.@!
9 ;.@" (.( .!!
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RESULT
F$",u"nc- . 21H0
$ir =ap>mm)
?in>p'p)>?)
?out>p'p)>?)
$ttenuation>d)
( ;.@( ;.( (.
1 ;.@( 9.@( .9; ;.@( !.( ;.;!
! ;.@( 1.@( 1.;"
" ;.@( 1.( 1.
9 ;.@( (.@( 1A.;@
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( 1 ! " 9 (
9
1(
19
(
9
Att"nuation b"t""n 5$",u"nc-
(( 78.9<78
Ai$ )ap 6mm
Att"nuation 6&
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CONCLUSION
• The bigger the air gap the higherthe signal loss.
•
The e2istence small air gapcontribute to huge o attenuation
• The higher re3uency will give
less attenuation o optical fber.
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THE EN(IN) (IAMETEROF OPTICAL FIER
+-+%/+0T
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To e2amine therelationship between thelength and attenuation in
the optical fber
#B+4T%?+
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E8PERIMENT PROCE(URE9
1.The e2periment is set upby connecting the inputand output > transmitter Creceiver ) to the E'A9((1
trainer..The bending diameter is
varied rom 1(mm, (mm,!(mm, "(mm, and 9(mm.
!.The input and outputreading are ta<en rom theoscilloscope.
".$ttenuation is calculatedb the ormula
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RESULT
F$",u"nc- . 21 H0
Diameter>mm)
?in>p'p)>m?)
?out>p'p)>m?)
$ttenuation>d)
1( "".@ 1( ';.19
( "".( 1!" 'A.9"!( "9. 1" '1(.11
"( "".@ 19" '1(.;
9( "".@ 19 '1(.@"
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1( ( !( "( 9(
'1
'1(
'@
'
'"
'
(
=raph o $ttenuation>d) against ending Diameter
6mallest bending diameter, 7ighest$ttenuation >d)
$ttenuation higher as the attenuation valuebecomes more positive
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CONCLUSION
In t#i% ":p"$im"nt;Mac$o "n&in< Lo%%$"%u=t #a% b""n
%#on1
A% =i<#t t$a>"= in t#"%t$ai<#t =i<#t; t#"
po"$ =o%%"% i%una>oi&ab=" #"nb"n&in< o5 t#"optica= ?b"$ occu$%1
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THE SOURCE OF LI)HTINTO OPTICAL FIER
+-+%/+0T !
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•
To measure the attenuation inoptical fbre communicationby varying the light sources.
O!ECTI+E
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PROCE(URE91.The e2periment was setup by varying light
sources eg. headlamp, E+D, Easer, andphone Fashlight.
.$ light source is connected to the input
transmitter by optical fbre cable and thenconnected to the output receiver in E'A9((1 trainer.
!.The optical fbre cable is f2ed at 1m only
or all light sources e2periment in this part.".The voltage input and output reading are
recorded rom the digital oscilloscope.9.The results were analysed.
.$ttenuation is calculated by the ormula
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RESULT
F$",u"nc- . 21H0
Eight 6ource?in>p'p)
>m?)?out>p'p)
>m?)$ttenuation
>d)
E+D ";. "1. 1.1(
-hone Glash "." "(.@ 1.17eadlamp "9. !9. .9
Easer "@.( "9. (."9
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• $ laser shows the smallest attenuation which (."9d• $ headlamp shows the highest attenuation which .9d• $ E+D is better perormance than phone Fashlight due to the lower
attenuation which 1.1H1.1 d
E+D -hone Glash 7eadlamp Easer(
(.9
1
1.9
.9
=raph o $ttenuation>d) vs. Eight 6ources$ttenuation>d)
Eight 6ourc
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CONCLUSION•
The longer the distance o a lightsource travels, the greater theperormance o optical fbrecommunication system.
• $ dierent type o light sourcesgive a dierent perormance.
• The higher the attenuation, the
shorter the distance o a lightsource travels.
• -ractically, the laser use or a
longer distance communication
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THE LEN)TH OF OPTICAL FIER
+-+%/+0T "
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O!ECTI+E
• To e2amine the relationshipbetween the length and
attenuation in the optical fbre• To fnd the eect o re3uency on
the attenuation
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PROCE(URE
• The e2periment was set up using module E'A9((1trainer
• The transmitter input and receiver output wasconnected to the oscilloscope
• $ 1m optical fber was connected rom transmitterto receiver.
• $nalog signal was set as the input signal
• Gre3uency was varied to 1<78, 1.;9<78, .9<78
• The signals on oscilloscope was observed andrecorded
• 6tep 1 to step 9 were repeated by replacing 1moptical fber with !m and 9m optical fbers.
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RESULT
L"n<t# o5 Optica= Fib"$ . @ m"t"$
Gre3uency><78)
?in >p'p)>m?)
?out>p'p) >m?)
$ttenuation>d)
1 .(( 1"." !. '".1"
1.;9 !"." !." (.921/ "1.; ". /1@B
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RESULT
L"n<t# o5 Optica= Fib"$ . 3 m"t"$
Gre3uency><78)
?in >p'p)>m?)
?out>p'p) >m?)
$ttenuation>d)
1 .(( 1"." (. '.A"
1.;9 !9. @.@ 1.;"21/ "." "".@ /13@
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RESULT
L"n<t# o5 Optica= Fib"$ . m"t"$
Gre3uency><78)
?in >p'p)>m?)
?out>p'p)>m?)
$ttenuation>d)
1 .(( ".( ." '(.@!
1.;9 !"." .1 !.@"21/ ";. !@." @17B
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$ttenuation vs Eength o #pticalGiber
( 1 ! " 9
'9
'"
'!
'
'1
(1
!
"
9
1.((<7I
1.;9<7I
.9(<78
L"n<t# o5 Optica= Fib$" 6m"t"$
Att"nuation6&
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CONCLUSION
• The longer the length o opticalfber, the higher theattenuation o optical fber.