“DEHYDRATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES”
3rd WORKSHOP
April, 2003
Tunis, Tunisia
Financial support by the Commission of the European Union under MEDA programme is acknowledged (Thematic Network ICA3-C5-2000-30004)
Profª. Mª TERESA SANCHEZ PINEDA DE LAS INFANTAS
DRIED FRUITS IN THE WORLD
DRIED FRUITS PRODUCTION IN SPAIN
SPAIN
MAIN CROPS
826,452 hectares: DRIED FRUIT PRODUCTION: almonds, hazelnuts and walnuts.
792,484 hectares: ALMONDS
26,202 hectares: HAZELNUTS
7,766 hectares: WALNUTS
Andalusia: In Granada, Malaga, Almery
Comunidad Valencia, Murcia y Catalonia
91% in Catalonia
Cantabric Cornice
ALMONDS
Spain’s 2001/02 almond production was around 257,000 tons, a 24-percent increase from the previous season.
Exports in 2001/02 was: 48,000 tons. EU countries (Germany, France, and Italy) are the major destinations, representing about 93 percent of Spain’s export markets.
The United States continues to be the dominant foreign supplier of almonds to Spain, increasing its market share to 97 percent of total imports for 2000/01.
ALMONDSEU does have an improvement plan that is implemented in both Spain’s almond and hazelnut sectors. Up to 475 euro/hectare can be provided to growers to plant improved, higher-yielding varieties.
Given competition from U.S. product, Spanish almond growers are expected to oppose the most recent EU proposal for reform of the fruit and vegetable regime, which calls for a significant cut in subsidies.
HAZELNUTS
• Catalonia, in the north-east, is the main producing region of Spain and within this region, the province of Tarragona stands out as the largest growing area (27,000 ha), representing 91 % of the total Spanish hazelnut surface.
• Tarragona's orchards, topographically, can be classified into two groups. Priorat' and 'Camp de Tarragona' The main commercial hazelnut production is obtained from the second area, which is grown mainly under drip irrigation.
• The hazelnut orchards are mostly familiar and small (2-4 ha). Most growers practice 'part-time agriculture'.
• The sector is very concentrated around the co-operative UNIO in Reus (Tarragona) and other private industries.The bulk of the hazelnut crop is consumed in shelled form.
• The confectionery and chocolate industries use about 60-70 % of domestic supplies.
• Hazelnut is also used for snacks and is often marketed as snack packs. Hazelnut is marketed in Spain throughout the year in competition with almonds, peanuts and other snack foods. In years when almond prices are high, hazelnut demand in the confectionery industry increases.
HAZELNUTS
HAZELNUTSThe 2001/02 hazelnut crop in Spain suffered a substantially increase to a record 35,000 tons, more than double last year’s crop of 16,000 tons.
The United States represents about 5 percent of Spain’s total hazelnut imports and continues to face stiff competition from lower-priced Turkish product, which accounts for 65 percent of Spain’s imports.
All Turkish hazelnut exports to Spain are shelled, while U.S. exports are in-shell. The bulk of the hazelnut crop is consumed in-shell, with the confectionary and chocolate industries consuming 60-70 percent of total supplies.
ReferencePeriods
TURKEY ITALY SPAIN USAWorld
Production
1961-65 106,600 50,600 16,400 7,640 181,240
>1966-70 159,400 63,500 15,000 7,940 245,840
1971-75 234,200 87,000 18,800 9,900 349,900
1976-80 268,000 88,400 21,200 11,100 388,700
1981-85 304,000 99,000 20,600 14,300 437,900
1986-90 376,000 104,000 27,200 16,000 523,200
1991-93 418,300 108,300 25,000 21,600 573,333
1994-95 460,000 95,000 22,000 22,750 607,000
1995-99 527,500 100,500 12,050 27,329 667,379
Main producing countries (in tons)
Hazelnut exports and domestic consumption by the main producing countries (in tons, unshelled equivalent).
Exports Domestic consumption
Country Average1983-86
Average1989-92
Average1995-99
Average1983-86
Average1989-92
Average1995-99
Turkey 268,450 298,376 380,750 77,300 63,000 88,000
Italy 67,520 73,880 53,860 38,600 63,000 110,714
Spain 12,630 11,125 7,825 9,100 14,000 16,825
USA 5,500 6,794 18,474 10,000 16,000 21,821
Total 354,100 390,175 460,910 135,000 156,000 237,360
HAZELNUTS
SUBSIDIES: Up to 475 euro/hectare. Given competition from Turkish product, Spanish hazelnut growers consider this program vital to their future competitiveness
Hazelnut consumption has increased in the last decades. It is considered that in-shell consumption accounts for only 10 %. The rest is shelled (kernel), but around 90 % are for industrial purposes (obtaining of oil, hazelnut paste, etc. ) and another 10 % for direct human consumption.
WALNUTS
WALNUTS
WALNUTS
3rd EU PRODUCING COUNTRY
120,000 ha of chestnuts were being grown, mostly in northern and western Spain, producing more than 20,000 t.
High prices for processed, peeled, and frozen chestnut products, especially in the U.S.
ChestnutsImports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 2,749Chestnuts
Imports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 3,001
ChestnutsExports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 7,291
ChestnutsExports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 6,746
CHESTNUTS
They are mainly used for a snack, right out of the shell-roasted, and in confectionary, ice cream preparation and recipes.
PistachiosImports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 12,689
PistachiosImports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 38,653
PistachiosExports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 593
PistachiosExports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 1,585
PISTACHIOS
Dry ApricotsImports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 1,899
Dry ApricotsImports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 1,781
Dry ApricotsExports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 390
Dry ApricotsExports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 392
They are used in confectionary, pastry making and recipes and are eaten in their natural state.
DRY APRICOTS
RAISINS
Figs, DriedImports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 1,863
Figs, DriedImports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 2,877
Figs, DriedExports - Qty (Mt)
Year
2001
Spain 2,139
Figs, DriedExports - Val (1000$)
Year
2001
Spain 2,184
The uses of dried figs are varied: pastry making, confectionary, ice cream making, recipes.
DRIED FIGS
DRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIESDRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIES
DRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIESDRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIES
DRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIESDRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIES
DRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIESDRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIES
TECHNOLOGY AND MACHINERY ACQUISITION
• Regular, year-round supplies. • Definition and standardization of product specifications – made
to measure. • The choice of the best raw material to cover product needs -
advice. • Selection levels according to different criteria: weight (units per
weight), diameter-based calibre, length-based calibre, thickness-based calibre.
• Excellent quality/price ratio to guarantee competitive positioning. • Co-operative relationship, not just buyer-seller relationship. • Long-standing supply guarantee. • Production capacities guaranteed by HACCP - ISO 9002- ISO
14001- as required in the food industry. • Capacity to respond immediately to demand. • Modern production plants with the latest technological
innovations for the selection and processing of dried fruits.
DRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIESDRIED FRUIT INDUSTRIES
TRADE MARKS AND PRODUCTS• The objective of the Borges
Group is to become the world’s largest supplier of Mediterranean food products.
Its principle action plans include:
- Solid commercial export operations. - The creation and management of companies abroad. - The internationalization of marketing and human-resources activities.
TRADE MARKS AND PRODUCTS
• The Borges company is 100% Spanish owned and has sales of 369.62 million euros.
• Exports to more than 70 countries and this activity represents 52% of sales (195.33 million euros).
• 530 employees work for the Group abroad, representing 44% of the Group.
• 48 completely Spanish-owned companies that operate at all levels of the value chain.
• the Spanish market leaders in the marketing of packaged nuts and dried fruit.
• The world’s leading walnut supplier. • Spain’s leading nut exporter.
INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT TO THE DRYING INDUSTY
“DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN”
HAZELNUTS of REUSHAZELNUTS of REUS
RAISINS OF MALAGARAISINS OF MALAGA
Price: Dried fruits in Spain: € 4.33 kg.
Price rates: Aragon € 3.64 kg and Navarre € 5.14 kg.
DRIED FRUIT CONSUMPTION IN SPAIN
2.32 kg/person-year.
Catalonia: 3.8 kg/person-year;
Extremadura: 1.33 kg/person-year
Catalonia: Almonds (0.48 kg/person-year), walnuts (0.85 kg/person-year) and others dried fruits (2.16 kg/person-year).
La Rioja: Almonds 0.05 kg/person-year, and walnuts 0.20 kg/person-year).
DRIED FRUITS REGULATIONS 2002/679/EC: Commission Decision of 22 August 2002 amending Decision 2002/80/EC imposing
special conditions on the import of figs, hazelnuts and pistachios and certain products derived thereof originating in or consigned from Turkey (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2002) 3109)
• Commission Regulation (EC) No 1441/2002 of 7 August 2002 fixing for the 2002/03 marketing
year the amount of aid for the cultivation of grapes intended for the production of certain varieties of dried grapes.
• Commission Regulation (EC) No 961/2002 of 5 June 2002 fixing the storage aid for unprocessed
dried grapes and unprocessed dried figs from the 2001/02 marketing year.
• Commission Regulation (EC) No 175/2001 of 26 January 2001 laying down the marketing standard for walnuts in shell.
• Commission Regulation (EC) No 464/1999 of 3 March 1999 laying down detailed rules for the
application of Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/96 as regards aid arrangements for prunes. • Commission Regulation (EC) No 1905/94 of 27 July 1994 on detailed rules for the application of
Council Regulation (EC) No 399/94 concerning specific measures for dried grapes. • DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN: • ORDEN de 6 de noviembre de 1996, por la que se aprueba el Reglamento de la Denominación de
Origen “Pasas de Málaga” y de su Consejo Regulador. BOJA 135. 23 de Noviembre de 1996. • OM 05/02/97 (B.O.E. 21/02/97) por la que se aprueba el Reglamento de la Denominación de
Origen “Avellana de Reus” y de su Consejo Regulador.
“DEHYDRATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES”
3rd WORKSHOP
April, 2003
Tunis, Tunisia
Financial support by the Commission of the European Union under MEDA programme is acknowledged (Thematic Network ICA3-C5-2000-30004)
Profª. Mª TERESA SANCHEZ PINEDA DE LAS INFANTAS
THANK YOU VERY MUCH