Decontamination of Cs-137, Pu-239, and Am-241 from Hard Surfaces using
a Peelable Polymer-based Hydrogel
2008 HPS Annual Meeting
Pittsburgh, PA07/14/08
G. J. Edgington1, M. P. O’Neill1, and K.C. Holt-Larese2
Additional work by M. Sutton3, R. P. Fischer3, and M. M. Thoet3
1 Cellular Bioengineering, Inc. (CBI), Honolulu, HI2 Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM3 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA
MPM-D.7
NRC000052Submitted: March 30, 2012
Uni
ted
Stat
es N
ucle
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on G
el 1
101
–W
hat i
s It?
–N
ear n
eutra
l-pH
, low
-odo
r pol
ymer
hyd
roge
l –
Util
izes
sur
fact
ants
to li
ft co
ntam
inan
ts–
Sol
uble
che
lato
rs b
ind
cont
amin
ants
for t
rans
port
–C
onta
min
ants
pul
led
into
pol
ymer
upo
n dr
ying
–E
ntra
pped
in re
hydr
atab
le p
olym
er m
atrix
App
ly�
Dry
�P
eel
Dec
embe
r 200
7 –
•San
dia
appl
ied
2nd
coat
of D
G11
01 to
sa
me
test
cou
pons
that
ha
d be
en d
econ
ned
in
Oct
ober
.
•Res
ults
sho
w 2
nd
deco
n ef
ficac
ies
as
good
or b
ette
r tha
n 1s
t ap
plic
atio
n.
Not
es: M
DA
= M
inim
um d
etec
tabl
e ac
tivity
C P
u=
conc
rete
, plu
toni
um; C
S A
m =
car
bon
stee
l, am
eric
ium
; SS
= s
tain
less
ste
el; P
= P
lexi
glas
; etc
Oct
ober
200
7 –
CB
I com
mis
sion
ed e
ffica
cy
test
ing
for D
G11
01 o
n:
•Con
cret
e (C
)
•Car
bon
stee
l (C
S)
•Sta
inle
ss s
teel
(SS
)
•Ple
xigl
as (P
)
Con
tam
inat
ed w
ith:
•Pu-
239
•Am
-241
•Cs-
137
0.32
00.
403
0.85
9P
Pu-
10.
310
0.40
50.
903
P P
u-2
0.08
20.
181
1.04
5SS
Pu-
10.
021
0.05
60.
978
SS P
u-2
0.00
10.
009
0.98
3C
S P
u-1
0.00
20.
021
0.97
7C
S P
u-2
0.07
80.
176
1.00
5C
Pu-
1 0.
146
0.25
70.
902
C P
u-2
0.95
30.
912
0.98
60.
998
1.00
20.
998
0.97
41.
006
0.91
31.
002
0.94
70.
961
0.94
90.
994
0.88
80.
980
Initi
al
Act
ivity
( �
Ci)
<MD
A0.
004
P C
s-2
<MD
A0.
005
P C
s-1
0.00
30.
019
SS
Cs-
20.
008
0.03
9S
S C
s-1
0.00
20.
014
CS
Cs-
20.
002
0.01
0C
S C
s-1
0.74
50.
822
C C
s-2
0.73
70.
834
C C
s-1
0.00
10.
012
P A
m-2
0.00
10.
011
P A
m-1
0.13
50.
171
SS
Am
-20.
172
0.21
0S
S A
m-1
0.00
30.
031
CS
Am
-20.
001
0.01
2C
S A
m-1
0.05
00.
149
C A
m-2
0.06
30.
169
C A
m-1
Act
ivity
afte
r 2n
dD
econ
( �
Ci)
Act
ivity
afte
r 1s
tD
econ
( �
Ci)
Cou
pon
Nam
e
Dec
onta
min
atio
n Te
stin
g of
DG
110
1R
adio
nucl
ide
Sol
utio
ns–
NIS
T tra
ceab
le
–P
repa
red
1uC
i/ml f
rom
sto
ck s
olut
ions
–A
m-2
41: A
mC
l 3in
1N
HC
l–
Pu-2
39: P
u(N
O3)
4in
4M
HN
O3
–C
s-13
7: C
sCli
n 0.
1M H
Cl
Cou
pon
Mat
eria
ls–
Con
stru
ctio
n gr
ade
conc
rete
cor
es, u
nifo
rmly
sec
tione
d –
Car
bon
stee
l 3”x
3”x
1/8
”–
300-
serie
s S
tain
less
ste
el 3
”x 3
”x 1
/4”
–Pl
exiG
las
3”x
3”
Dec
onta
min
atio
n Te
stin
g of
DG
110
1C
oupo
n C
onta
min
atio
n–
Pla
ced
on w
ire ra
cks
–~1
�C
ieac
h de
posi
ted
usin
g pi
petto
r–
Car
bon
stee
l sho
wed
vis
ible
cor
rosi
on
Cou
pon
Coa
ting
App
licat
ion
and
Rem
oval
–In
itial
cou
nts
mea
sure
d–
Cou
pons
coa
ted
with
DG
1101
, spr
ead
with
spa
tula
and
ex
cess
allo
wed
to d
rip o
ff–
24 h
r. dr
y tim
e–
All
coup
ons
easy
to p
eel,
mos
t diff
icul
t was
con
cret
e–
Coa
tings
all
rem
oved
in s
ingl
e sh
eet w
ith n
o fra
ctur
e–
Car
bon
stee
l no
long
er h
ad v
isib
le c
orro
sion
on
surfa
ce
Dec
onta
min
atio
n Te
stin
g of
DG
110
1
Ana
lytic
al M
etho
d an
d D
ata
Wor
kup
–C
s-13
7 co
unte
d fo
r 100
0 s
w/C
anbe
rra
Ge
dete
ctor
, pea
k ar
ea u
sed
to c
alcu
late
act
ivity
–A
m-2
41 a
nd P
u-23
9 co
unte
d fo
r 120
s
w/L
udlu
m 4
3-1
and
Ebe
rline
E60
0
–C
alib
ratio
n co
upon
s us
ed fo
r all
case
s–
% D
econ
= In
itial
Act
ivity
–Fi
nal A
ctiv
ityx
100
Initi
al A
ctiv
ity
0%10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Con
cret
eC
arbo
n st
eel
Stai
nles
s st
eel
Plex
iGla
s
Mat
eria
l
% Decon
Pu Am Cs
1st
deco
n
2nd
deco
n
Res
ults
Pu
Glo
vebo
xD
econ
at L
LNL
Glo
vebo
x(~
4 ½
ft x
8 ft
x 9
ft)–
Cas
t ste
el fl
oor,
Al w
alls
, Lex
an®
win
dow
s an
d H
ypal
on®
glov
es
–C
omm
issi
oned
in 1
964
to c
old
roll
Pu
met
al–
In 1
996
a sp
ill of
Pu-
238
occu
rred
–M
easu
rem
ents
at <
1 in
ch >
>1,0
00,0
00 c
pm(o
ff-sc
ale)
–P
revi
ous
unsu
cces
sful
dec
onta
min
atio
n ef
forts
invo
lved
a
com
mer
cial
ly a
vaila
ble
strip
pabl
e fil
m c
oatin
g
Fiel
d Te
stD
G 1
101
App
licat
ion
–A
pplie
d w
ith tr
owel
, allo
wed
to d
ry o
vern
ight
–Le
xan®
win
dow
dec
onne
d2x
, Ste
el fl
oor a
nd A
l sid
ing
3x–
DFs
mea
sure
d as
ratio
of o
rigin
al a
lpha
act
ivity
at 1
.5 in
ch s
tand
-off
to a
ctiv
ity m
easu
red
afte
r eac
h de
con
–In
itial
con
tam
inat
ion
leve
ls a
vera
ged
•74
,000
dpm
for c
ast s
teel
hor
izon
tal f
loor
•56
,000
dpm
for a
lum
inum
sid
ing
•54
,000
dpm
for L
exan
win
dow
Res
ults
One
app
licat
ion
–A
ctiv
ity o
n st
eel f
loor
was
redu
ced
by 5
7% (S
D=7
%) a
nd o
n th
e Le
xan
win
dow
by
37%
(SD
=8%
)
Add
ition
al a
pplic
atio
ns–
Lexa
nw
indo
w a
fter 2
ndap
plic
atio
n ov
eral
l 99.
5% re
mov
al (S
D=0
.1%
)–
Ste
el fl
oor a
fter 2
ndan
d 3rd
appl
icat
ion
over
all 9
9.4%
(SD
=0.3
%)
–A
fter 2
and
3 a
pplic
atio
ns o
f DG
110
1, a
ctiv
ity w
as re
duce
d to
<40
0 dp
min
alm
ost a
ll ca
ses
–G
iven
the
high
ly c
onta
min
ated
nat
ure
of th
e su
rface
s w
ithin
the
glov
e-bo
x, th
is d
econ
tam
inat
ion
effic
ienc
y is
con
side
red
exce
llent
Ope
ratio
nal P
ersp
ectiv
es
•Th
e N
ucle
ar M
ater
ials
Pro
cess
ing
and
Tech
nolo
gy P
rogr
am p
erso
nnel
co
nduc
ting
the
deco
nac
tiviti
es re
porte
d th
at th
e m
ater
ial h
ad a
goo
d w
orka
bilit
y an
d al
low
ed s
uffic
ient
wor
king
tim
e be
fore
dry
ing.
•In
gen
eral
the
mat
eria
l adh
ered
to th
e si
des
of th
e gl
ove-
box
with
out a
n ex
cess
ive
amou
nt o
f drip
ping
bei
ng o
bser
ved.
•D
G 1
101
was
abl
e to
pen
etra
te c
revi
ces
and
was
eas
ily re
mov
ed fr
om a
ll su
rface
s w
ith th
e ex
cept
ion
of th
e H
ypal
on®
glov
es.
•W
hile
han
d ap
plic
atio
n w
as u
sed
for t
he s
tudy
, per
sonn
el c
omm
ente
d th
at
spra
y ap
plic
atio
n m
ight
be
adva
ntag
eous
for f
utur
e ap
plic
atio
ns.
•[C
omm
ent f
rom
CB
I: D
G 1
120
is n
ow a
vaila
ble
for s
pray
app
licat
ions
.]
Sum
mar
y•
Lab
Env
iron
–D
econ
Gel
110
1 de
mon
stra
ted
effe
ctiv
e on
Pu-
239,
Am
-24
1, a
nd C
s-13
7 ra
dioi
soto
pes
–2nd
deco
nfa
ctor
s as
goo
d or
bet
ter t
han
1stap
plic
atio
n
–C
s on
con
cret
e m
ost d
iffic
ult c
ase,
R&
D in
pro
gres
s
•Fi
eld
App
licat
ion
–A
pplic
atio
n of
DG
110
1 to
Pu
deco
nof
hig
hly
cont
amin
ated
gl
oveb
oxat
LLN
L de
mon
stra
ted
exce
llent
effi
cacy
ove
rall
•Fu
ll R
epor
ts A
vaila
ble
–S
andi
a an
d LL
NL
repo
rts a
vaila
ble
upon
requ
est a
t CB
I bo
oth
or c
onta
ct M
. O’N
eill,
CTO
, CB
I
–m
onei
ll@ce
llula
rbio
engi
neer
ing.
com